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documented, cited, board-ready

The standards and research the parade is aligned and documented to.

1217 framework standards across 165 families, and the research base the program is built on. The parade supports these requirements by giving each one something students actually do; compliance determinations are always the district’s or institution’s.

What Ohio requires

Mandate domains Ohio already names, and the parade activities documented to each. Compliance determinations are always the district's or institution's.

Standards by framework

CASEL Framework: CASEL 5 Core Competencies

CASEL · 5 standards
  • Self-AwarenessCASEL-SA

    Understanding one's own emotions, thoughts, and values and how they shape behavior across settings.

    PreK-12Both
  • Self-ManagementCASEL-SM

    Managing emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in different situations and working toward goals.

    PreK-12Both
  • Social AwarenessCASEL-SOA

    Understanding others' perspectives and empathizing with people from diverse backgrounds, cultures, and contexts.

    PreK-12Both
  • Relationship SkillsCASEL-RS

    Building healthy, supportive relationships: communicating, cooperating, and working through conflict with diverse people.

    PreK-12Both
  • Responsible Decision-MakingCASEL-RDM

    Making caring and constructive choices about personal behavior and social interactions.

    PreK-12Both

ASCA Student Standards: Mindsets & Behaviors for Student Success (2021)

American School Counselor Association · 9 standards

36 standards: six Mindsets (M 1 to M 6) and 30 Behaviors in three groups of ten (B-LS, B-SMS, B-SS). The school counselor's standard; ASCA publishes a CASEL crosswalk.

  • M 1: Whole-self well-beingASCA-M1

    Belief in development of the whole self, with a healthy balance of mental, social/emotional and physical well-being.

    K-12Both
  • M 2: Acceptance and inclusionASCA-M2

    Sense of acceptance, respect, support and inclusion for self and others in the school environment.

    K-12Both
  • M 3: Positive attitude toward learningASCA-M3

    Positive attitude toward work and learning.

    K-12Both
  • M 4: Self-confidenceASCA-M4

    Self-confidence in ability to succeed.

    K-12Both
  • M 5: Use abilities to the fullestASCA-M5

    Belief in using abilities to their fullest to achieve high-quality results and outcomes.

    K-12Both
  • M 6: Lifelong learningASCA-M6

    Understanding that postsecondary education and lifelong learning matter for long-term success.

    K-12Both
  • Behavior: Learning Strategies (B-LS)ASCA-BLS

    Critical thinking (B-LS 1), creative approach to learning and problem solving (B-LS 2), self-direction (B-LS 4), media and technology skills (B-LS 5).

    K-12Both
  • Behavior: Self-Management Skills (B-SMS)ASCA-BSMS

    Responsibility (B-SMS 1), self-discipline and self-control (B-SMS 2), delayed gratification (B-SMS 4), perseverance (B-SMS 5).

    K-12Both
  • Behavior: Social Skills (B-SS)ASCA-BSS

    Communication (B-SS 1), empathy (B-SS 4), social responsibility (B-SS 5), collaboration (B-SS 6), cultural awareness (B-SS 10).

    K-12Both

AASL National School Library Standards for Learners, School Librarians, and School Libraries (2nd ed., 2025)

AASL · 6 standards

Six Shared Foundations (Inquire, Include, Collaborate, Curate, Explore, Engage) x four Domains (Think, Create, Share, Grow). The 2nd edition keeps the 2018 frameworks unchanged and refines supporting text.

  • Inquire (Shared Foundation I)AASL-INQUIRE

    Build new knowledge by inquiring, thinking critically, identifying problems, and developing strategies to solve them.

    K-12School
  • Include (Shared Foundation II)AASL-INCLUDE

    Commitment to inclusiveness and respect for diversity in the learning community, including empathy and appreciation for diverse ideas.

    K-12School
  • Collaborate (Shared Foundation III)AASL-COLLABORATE

    Work effectively with others to broaden perspectives and work toward common goals.

    K-12School
  • Curate (Shared Foundation IV)AASL-CURATE

    Make meaning for oneself and others by collecting, organizing, and sharing resources of personal relevance.

    K-12School
  • Explore (Shared Foundation V)AASL-EXPLORE

    Discover and innovate in a growth mindset developed through experience and reflection, including tinkering and making.

    K-12School
  • Engage (Shared Foundation VI)AASL-ENGAGE

    Safe, legal, and ethical creating and sharing of knowledge products, including giving credit to others' work.

    K-12School

Every Child Ready to Read @ your library (2nd ed.)

PLA + ALSC · 6 standards

Parent and caregiver education initiative with five early-literacy practices (talking, singing, reading, writing, playing), birth to age 5. AASL is K-12; ECRR is birth-5; the 6-8 public-library band is not yet covered.

  • ReadingECRR-READ

    Shared reading builds vocabulary, background knowledge, and enjoyment of books.

    Birth-5Library
  • WritingECRR-WRITE

    Drawing, scribbling, and early writing show children that print carries meaning.

    Birth-5Library
  • SingingECRR-SING

    Singing slows language down so children hear the smaller sounds in words.

    Birth-5Library
  • TalkingECRR-TALK

    Talking with children builds oral language, a foundation for early literacy.

    Birth-5Library
  • PlayingECRR-PLAY

    Play builds language, symbolic thinking, and social skills.

    Birth-5Library
  • Caregiver education format (storytime)ECRR-FORMAT

    ECRR is a parent and caregiver education initiative; storytimes model the five practices for adults to use at home.

    Birth-5Library

Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy (CCSS-ELA, 2010)

NGA Center and CCSSO (or state equivalent) · 13 standards

K-5 strands RL, RI, RF, W, SL, L under K-12 College and Career Readiness anchor standards. Writing and Speaking & Listening fit the program best.

  • Reading: Literature (RL)ELA-RL

    Key ideas and details, craft and structure, and integration of knowledge in stories and poems.

    K-5School
  • Reading: Informational Text (RI)ELA-RI

    Key ideas and details, craft and structure, and integration of knowledge in nonfiction.

    K-5School
  • Reading: Foundational Skills (RF)ELA-RF

    Print concepts, phonological awareness, phonics and word recognition, and fluency (K-5).

    K-5School
  • Writing (W)ELA-W

    Opinion, informative, and narrative writing; in kindergarten through drawing, dictating, and writing.

    K-5School
  • Speaking and Listening (SL)ELA-SL

    Comprehension and collaboration; presentation of knowledge and ideas.

    K-5School
  • Language (L)ELA-L

    Conventions of English, knowledge of language, and vocabulary acquisition and use.

    K-5School
  • Reading Literature: illustrations and text (RL.7)ELA-RL7

    Children describe how a story's illustrations relate to and add to its words.

    K-5School
  • Speaking and Listening: collaborative conversations (SL.1)ELA-SL1

    Children take part in conversations with peers and adults, following agreed rules and building on others' talk.

    K-5School
  • Speaking and Listening: presenting ideas (SL.4)ELA-SL4

    Children describe or report on people, places, things, and events clearly and audibly.

    K-5School
  • Speaking and Listening: visual displays (SL.5)ELA-SL5

    Children add drawings or other visual displays to descriptions to clarify ideas (K-2), later media in presentations.

    K-5School
  • Writing: opinion pieces (W.1)ELA-W1

    Children state an opinion about a topic or book and give a reason; in K by drawing, dictating, and writing.

    K-5School
  • Writing: informative/explanatory texts (W.2)ELA-W2

    Children name a topic and supply facts about it; in K by drawing, dictating, and writing.

    K-5School
  • Writing: narratives (W.3)ELA-W3

    Children tell real or imagined events in order; in K by drawing, dictating, and writing.

    K-5School

Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSS-Math, 2010)

NGA Center and CCSSO (or state equivalent) · 30 standards

K-5 content domains + eight Standards for Mathematical Practice (port to state frameworks like TEKS Process Standards).

  • Content domains, K-5MATH-K5

    Counting and Cardinality (K), Operations and Algebraic Thinking, Number and Operations (Base Ten; Fractions 3-5), Measurement and Data, Geometry.

    K-5School
  • MP1: Make sense of problems and persevere in solving themMATH-MP1

    Understand a problem and keep working toward a solution.

    K-5School
  • MP2: Reason abstractly and quantitativelyMATH-MP2

    Move between quantities and their symbolic representation.

    K-5School
  • MP3: Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of othersMATH-MP3

    Justify thinking and respond to others' reasoning.

    K-5School
  • MP4: Model with mathematicsMATH-MP4

    Use math to represent real situations.

    K-5School
  • MP5: Use appropriate tools strategicallyMATH-MP5

    Choose and use tools effectively.

    K-5School
  • MP6: Attend to precisionMATH-MP6

    Be precise in work and communication.

    K-5School
  • MP7: Look for and make use of structureMATH-MP7

    See and use patterns and structure.

    K-5School
  • MP8: Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoningMATH-MP8

    Notice repeated calculations and use general methods or shortcuts.

    K-5School
  • 1.G.A.3 Geometry: halves and fourthsMATH-1-G-3

    Halves and fourths.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • 1.MD.A.2 Measurement and Data: length as iterated unitsMATH-1-MD-2

    Length as iterated units.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • 1.MD.C.4 Measurement and Data: organize and interpret dataMATH-1-MD-4

    Organize and interpret data.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • 2.G.A.3 Geometry: halves, thirds, fourthsMATH-2-G-3

    Halves, thirds, fourths.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • 2.MD.D.10 Measurement and Data: picture graph and bar graphMATH-2-MD-10

    Picture graph and bar graph.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • 2.MD.A.3 Measurement and Data: estimate lengthsMATH-2-MD-3

    Estimate lengths.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • 2.MD.B.6 Measurement and Data: number line diagramMATH-2-MD-6

    Number line diagram.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • 3.G.A.2 Geometry: equal-area parts as unit fractionsMATH-3-G-2

    Equal-area parts as unit fractions.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • 3.MD.B.3 Measurement and Data: scaled picture and bar graphsMATH-3-MD-3

    Scaled picture and bar graphs.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • 3.NF.A.1 Number and Operations, Fractions: unit fractionsMATH-3-NF-1

    Unit fractions.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • 3.NF.A.2 Number and Operations, Fractions: fractions on the number lineMATH-3-NF-2

    Fractions on the number line.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • 3.OA.D.9 Operations and Algebraic Thinking: arithmetic patternsMATH-3-OA-9

    Arithmetic patterns.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • 4.G.A.3 Geometry: line of symmetryMATH-4-G-3

    Line of symmetry.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • 4.OA.C.5 Operations and Algebraic Thinking: generate a pattern from a ruleMATH-4-OA-5

    Generate a pattern from a rule.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • 5.G.A.1 Geometry: coordinate systemMATH-5-G-1

    Coordinate system.

    Grade 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • 5.G.A.2 Geometry: graph points in the first quadrantMATH-5-G-2

    Graph points in the first quadrant.

    Grade 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • K.CC.B.4 Counting and Cardinality: connect counting to cardinalityMATH-K-CC-4

    Connect counting to cardinality.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • K.CC.B.5 Counting and Cardinality: count to answer how manyMATH-K-CC-5

    Count to answer how many.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • K.CC.C.6 Counting and Cardinality: compare groupsMATH-K-CC-6

    Compare groups.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • K.G.A.1 Geometry: shapes and relative positionMATH-K-G-1

    Shapes and relative position.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • K.MD.B.3 Measurement and Data: classify, count and sort categoriesMATH-K-MD-3

    Classify, count and sort categories.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School

ESSA accountability and reporting (federal requirement)

U.S. Department of Education; state education agencies administer · 3 standards

State accountability indicators, report cards, and state-plan duties under ESSA. Rows ACCT-1 to ACCT-3.

  • School quality or student success indicatorACCT-1

    Every state rates schools on at least one school quality or student success indicator. Parade activities touch what these measure; your school measures any result from its own records.

    K-12School
  • Report cards: climate, absenteeism, bullyingACCT-2

    State report cards, and those of districts receiving Title I-A funds, publish school climate measures including chronic absenteeism and incidents of bullying and harassment.

    K-12School
  • State plan: school conditions for learningACCT-3

    Your state's plan must describe how it helps districts with this.

    K-12School

ESSA Title I, Part A (federal requirement)

U.S. Department of Education (day-to-day servicing by U.S. Department of Labor since 2025-11-18) · 1 standards

Family engagement policy, compact, 1 percent reservation, and schoolwide plans. Rows T1-1a, T1-1b, T1-2.

  • Schoolwide program planT1-2

    Schoolwide Title I plans rest on a needs assessment and may include school-wide behavior supports and well-rounded programs. Allowable where your plan names this need.

    K-12School

Local school wellness policy (USDA school meal programs)

U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service · 1 standards

District wellness policy goals for school-based activities. Row WELL-1.

  • Local school wellness policyWELL-1

    Districts in the school meal programs adopt a wellness policy with goals for school-based activities that promote student wellness. Parade activities can be among those activities.

    K-12School

Head Start Act and Program Performance Standards

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Head Start · 3 standards

Head Start grantee duties. Every row carries the pending 91 FR 51248 proposal and a ready cite_if_final. HS-3 retired.

  • Teaching and the learning environmentHS-1

    Head Start teaching practices emphasize nurturing, responsive environments and learning in social and emotional development and creative arts. Parade activities can be part of that classroom practice.

    Birth-5
  • Curricula aligned with the ELOFHS-2

    Head Start curricula align with the Early Learning Outcomes Framework. The parade is not a curriculum; it offers activities a program can map to goals its curriculum already targets.

    Birth-5
  • Parent and family engagementHS-4

    Head Start programs engage parents as full partners in their children's learning. Take-home parade activities can be part of a program's family engagement.

    Birth-5

Head Start Early Learning Outcomes Framework: Ages Birth to Five

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Head Start · 24 standards

Federal learning framework: verb supports for Head Start grantees, national (voluntary) for other early-childhood centers.

  • Approaches to Learning: Emotional and Behavioral Self-RegulationELOF-ATL-1

    Infant/toddler goals IT-ATL 1 to 2; preschool goals P-ATL 1 to 4: manage emotions and behavior, follow rules and routines, care for classroom materials.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Approaches to Learning: Cognitive Self-Regulation (Executive Functioning)ELOF-ATL-2

    Infant/toddler goals IT-ATL 3 to 5; preschool goals P-ATL 5 to 9: impulse control, sustained attention, persistence, working memory, flexible thinking.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Approaches to Learning: Initiative and CuriosityELOF-ATL-3

    Infant/toddler goals IT-ATL 6 to 7; preschool goals P-ATL 10 to 11: initiative, independence, interest and curiosity about the world.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Approaches to Learning: CreativityELOF-ATL-4

    Infant/toddler goals IT-ATL 8 to 9; preschool goals P-ATL 12 to 13: creativity in thinking and communication, imagination in play.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Approaches to Learning: Creativity (IT-ATL 9)ELOF-IT-ATL-9

    Child shows imagination in play and interactions with others.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Cognition: Exploration and Discovery (IT-C 1)ELOF-IT-C-1

    Child actively explores people and objects to understand self, others, and objects.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Cognition: Emergent Mathematical Thinking (IT-C 10)ELOF-IT-C-10

    Child uses matching and sorting of objects or people to understand similar and different characteristics.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Cognition: Imitation and Symbolic Representation and Play (IT-C 11)ELOF-IT-C-11

    Child observes and imitates sounds, words, gestures, actions, and behaviors.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Cognition: Imitation and Symbolic Representation and Play (IT-C 13)ELOF-IT-C-13

    Child uses pretend play to increase understanding of culture, environment, and experiences.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Cognition: Memory (IT-C 4)ELOF-IT-C-4

    Child recognizes the stability of people and objects in the environment.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Attending and Understanding (IT-LC 1)ELOF-IT-LC-1

    Child attends to, understands, and responds to communication and language from others.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Emergent Literacy (IT-LC 10)ELOF-IT-LC-10

    Child handles books and relates them to their stories or information.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Emergent Literacy (IT-LC 12)ELOF-IT-LC-12

    Child comprehends meaning from pictures and stories.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Emergent Literacy (IT-LC 13)ELOF-IT-LC-13

    Child makes marks and uses them to represent objects or actions.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Communicating and Speaking (IT-LC 4)ELOF-IT-LC-4

    Child uses non-verbal communication and language to engage others in interaction.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Language and Communication: Emergent Literacy (IT-LC 9)ELOF-IT-LC-9

    Child attends to, repeats, and uses some rhymes, phrases, or refrains from stories or songs.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Perceptual, Motor, and Physical Development: Perception (IT-PMP 1)ELOF-IT-PMP-1

    Child uses perceptual information to understand objects, experiences, and interactions.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Perceptual, Motor, and Physical Development: Fine Motor (IT-PMP 8)ELOF-IT-PMP-8

    Child adjusts reach and grasp to use tools.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: Emotional Functioning (IT-SE 8)ELOF-IT-SE-8

    Child expresses care and concern towards others.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 36 months [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Perceptual, Motor, and Physical Development: Fine MotorELOF-PMP-FM

    Infant/toddler goals IT-PMP 6 to 8 (hand-eye coordination, hands for exploration, adjusting reach and grasp to use tools); preschool goal P-PMP 3.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: Relationships with AdultsELOF-SE-1

    Infant/toddler goals IT-SE 1 to 3; preschool goals P-SE 1 to 2: secure, positive relationships and prosocial, cooperative behavior with adults.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: Relationships with Other ChildrenELOF-SE-2

    Infant/toddler goals IT-SE 4 to 5; preschool goals P-SE 3 to 5: positive interactions, cooperative play, basic conflict problem solving.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: Emotional FunctioningELOF-SE-3

    Infant/toddler goals IT-SE 6 to 9; preschool goals P-SE 6 to 8: express and recognize emotions in self and others, care and concern toward others, manage emotions.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: Sense of Identity and BelongingELOF-SE-4

    Infant/toddler goals IT-SE 10 to 13; preschool goals P-SE 9 to 11: self as a unique individual, confidence, belonging to family, community and other groups.

    Birth to 5: infant/toddler and preschool goals [Infant to PreK]Early childhood

Federal funding lines

U.S. Department of Education; HHS; Institute of Museum and Library Services (by program) · 7 standards

Funding lines whose allowable uses name this work. Verb allowable; each row names who decides and is dated. Never a promise of eligibility.

  • 21st Century Community Learning CentersFUND-21C

    21st Century Community Learning Centers fund well-rounded, cultural, and family literacy activities outside school hours. A summer or after-school parade can be an allowable use; a school-day parade cannot.

    K-12
  • Title IV-A safe and healthy studentsFUND-4A-SH

    Title IV-A safe and healthy students funds cover bullying prevention, related staff training, and school-wide behavior supports. Kindness activities and the Staff Lab can be allowable uses.

    K-12School
  • Title IV-A well-rounded education: artsFUND-4A-WR

    Title IV-A lets districts fund programs that use the arts to support student engagement, problem solving, and conflict resolution. The parade's arts activities can be an allowable use.

    K-12School
  • CCDF quality fundsFUND-CCDF

    State child care quality funds can pay for provider training on children's development, positive behavior supports, and family engagement. They fund provider training, not children's activities.

  • LSTA Grants to StatesFUND-LSTA

    LSTA Grants to States support library learning services for all ages and services for children in low-income families. Federal funding, not a requirement; your state library agency decides.

    All agesLibrary
  • Rural education (SRSA and RLIS)FUND-REAP

    Small, Rural School Achievement funds can go to uses allowed under several ESEA titles; Rural and Low-Income School funds cover parental involvement activities. Your district decides.

    K-12School
  • Title I funds (schoolwide and family engagement)FUND-T1

    Title I schoolwide funds and the family engagement reservation can pay for parade activities where your plans name the need. This is not school-improvement (section 1003) money.

    K-12School

ESSA definition of evidence-based

U.S. Department of Education · 1 standards

The four ESSA evidence tiers. The parade is designed for Tier IV only; never Tiers I to III.

  • Not Tier I to IIIEVID-1003

    No study of the parade exists, so it is not Tier I, II, or III evidence and is never presented for ESSA section 1003 school-improvement funds.

    K-12School

Federal guardrails (privacy, accessibility, equal access, grant cost and procurement rules)

U.S. Department of Education; U.S. Department of Justice; HHS; Federal Trade Commission; Office of Management and Budget · 3 standards

Rules the parade is built to comply with. Several rows are counsel-held or hidden until a product feature or written commitment exists.

  • HHS Section 504 web accessibilityGR-504-WEB

    Programs receiving HHS funds must make web content meet WCAG 2.1 AA from May 2027 or May 2028. The parade site is held to that level now.

    Birth-5
  • ADA Title II web accessibilityGR-ADA

    Public schools and libraries must meet WCAG 2.1 AA for web content from April 2027 or April 2028. The parade site is held to WCAG 2.2 AA.

    All agesBoth
  • FERPA school official and COPPAGR-FERPA-COPPA

    District privacy mode, adults-only uploads, no face processing, and deletion and export on request. A parade with no gallery sends no student data to the company.

    K-12School

Guidance (federal and independent expert)

HHS Office of the Surgeon General; CDC; Community Preventive Services Task Force (independent, nonfederal) · 4 standards

Advisories and recommendations, never requirements. The Task Force is nonfederal and is never called federal.

  • CDC school connectednessGUID-CDC-CONN

    CDC defines school connectedness as students feeling that adults and peers at school care about them and their learning. CDC reports associations with better outcomes, not shown causes.

    K-12School
  • Community Preventive Services Task Force: anti-bullyingGUID-CPSTF

    An independent, nonfederal expert task force recommends school-based anti-bullying programs, finding small but meaningful reductions in bullying in elementary and middle schools.

    K-8School
  • Surgeon General loneliness advisory (2023)GUID-SG-LONE

    The Surgeon General's 2023 advisory on loneliness urges schools to give students regular chances to build social skills and relationships, and to foster belonging.

    K-12School
  • Surgeon General social media advisory (2023), family-facingGUID-SG-SOCIAL

    The Surgeon General's 2023 social media advisory encourages parents and caregivers to create tech-free zones and in-person friendships. Cited in family materials only.

    K-12

Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS, 2013)

NGSS · 11 standards

Three dimensions: Science and Engineering Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, Disciplinary Core Ideas, including engineering design (ETS1). Theme-aligned Doodles are the hook.

  • Science and Engineering Practices (SEP)NGSS-SEP

    Asking questions and defining problems, modeling, investigating, analyzing data, explaining and designing, arguing from evidence, communicating.

    K-5School
  • Crosscutting Concepts (CCC)NGSS-CCC

    Patterns, cause and effect, scale, systems, energy and matter, structure and function, stability and change.

    K-5School
  • Disciplinary Core Ideas (DCI)NGSS-DCI

    Physical sciences; life sciences; earth and space sciences; engineering, technology, and applications of science.

    K-5School
  • 1-ESS1-1: Predictable patterns of sun, moon and starsNGSS-1-ESS1-1

    Use observations of the sun, moon and stars to describe patterns that can be predicted.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • 1-LS1-1: Mimic how plants and animals use external partsNGSS-1-LS1-1

    Design a solution to a human problem by mimicking how plants or animals use their external parts.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • 1-PS4-2: Objects seen only when illuminatedNGSS-1-PS4-2

    Construct an evidence-based account that objects in darkness can be seen only when illuminated.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • 2-PS1-1: Classify materials by observable propertiesNGSS-2-PS1-1

    Plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify materials by observable properties.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • 4-ESS2-1: Weathering and erosionNGSS-4-ESS2-1

    Make observations or measurements as evidence of the effects of weathering or the rate of erosion.

    Grade 4 [Grade 4]School
  • Engineering Design (K-2-ETS1, 3-5-ETS1)NGSS-ETS1

    Define a simple problem, sketch or build a model of a solution, and compare and improve designs.

    K-5School
  • K-ESS2-1: Weather patterns over timeNGSS-K-ESS2-1

    Use and share observations of local weather to describe patterns over time.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • K-PS3-1: Effect of sunlight on Earth’s surfaceNGSS-K-PS3-1

    Make observations to determine the effect of sunlight on Earth’s surface.

    Kindergarten [K]School

College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Framework for Social Studies State Standards (2013)

NCSS · 4 standards

Four-dimension Inquiry Arc, grade bands K-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-12.

  • Dimension 1: Developing Questions and Planning InquiriesC3-D1

    Children develop questions and plan how to find answers.

    K-5School
  • Dimension 2: Applying Disciplinary Tools and ConceptsC3-D2

    Using civics, economics, geography, and history concepts and tools.

    K-5School
  • Dimension 3: Evaluating Sources and Using EvidenceC3-D3

    Gathering and evaluating sources and using evidence to support claims.

    K-5School
  • Dimension 4: Communicating Conclusions and Taking Informed ActionC3-D4

    Sharing conclusions and taking informed action in the classroom, school, or community.

    K-5School

National Core Arts Standards (2014)

NCCAS · 16 standards

Four Artistic Processes and 11 Anchor Standards across five disciplines (dance, media arts, music, theatre, visual arts). The program's most native fit. Review under way since 2025; 2014 edition current.

  • Creating (Anchor Standards 1-3)NCAS-CREATING

    Generate, organize, develop, refine, and complete artistic ideas and work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Presenting (Anchor Standards 4-6)NCAS-PRESENTING

    Visual arts: select, analyze, prepare, and share artistic work so it conveys meaning.

    PreK-12Both
  • Responding (Anchor Standards 7-9)NCAS-RESPONDING

    Perceive, analyze, interpret, and evaluate artistic work using criteria.

    PreK-12Both
  • Connecting (Anchor Standards 10-11)NCAS-CONNECTING

    Relate artistic work to personal experience and to societal, cultural, and historical context.

    PreK-12Both
  • Five arts disciplinesNCAS-DISCIPLINES

    Dance, Media Arts, Music, Theatre, and Visual Arts all share the same processes and anchor standards.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 1 (Creating)NCAS-AS1

    Generate and conceptualize artistic ideas and work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 10 (Connecting)NCAS-AS10

    Synthesize and relate knowledge and personal experiences to make art.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 11 (Connecting)NCAS-AS11

    Relate artistic ideas and works with societal, cultural, and historical context.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 2 (Creating)NCAS-AS2

    Organize and develop artistic ideas and work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 3 (Creating)NCAS-AS3

    Refine and complete artistic work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 4 (Presenting)NCAS-AS4

    Select, analyze, and interpret artistic work for presentation.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 5 (Presenting)NCAS-AS5

    Develop and refine artistic techniques and work for presentation.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 6 (Presenting)NCAS-AS6

    Convey meaning through the presentation of artistic work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 7 (Responding)NCAS-AS7

    Perceive and analyze artistic work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 8 (Responding)NCAS-AS8

    Interpret intent and meaning in artistic work.

    PreK-12Both
  • Anchor Standard 9 (Responding)NCAS-AS9

    Apply criteria to evaluate artistic work.

    PreK-12Both

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

United Nations General Assembly; monitored by the Committee on the Rights of the Child · 8 standards

Articles used: 12 (views of the child), 13 (expression, including in the form of art), 17 (children's books and media), 29 (aims of education), 31 (rest, leisure, play, culture and the arts). Text read on UNICEF's official convention page; ratification status read on the UN Treaty Collection. Edition 1989. Type: International treaty, binding on States Parties only; obligations fall on governments, not on schools, libraries or companies. Source: https://www.unicef.org/child-rights-convention/convention-text

  • Article 12: right to express views, given due weightUNCRC-ART12

    Children capable of forming views have the right to express them freely in matters affecting them.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Both
  • Article 13: freedom of expression, including in the form of artUNCRC-ART13

    Children have the right to seek, receive and impart ideas orally, in writing, in print or in the form of art.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Both
  • Article 16: privacyUNCRC-ART16

    No child shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with privacy.

    Under 18 [Birth to grade 12]Both
  • Article 17(c): children's booksUNCRC-ART17C

    States encourage production and dissemination of children's books and access to diverse information.

    Under 18 [Birth to grade 12]Both
  • Article 29(1)(a): education directed to personality, talents and abilities to their fullestUNCRC-ART29-1A

    Education should develop the child's personality, talents and mental and physical abilities to their fullest potential.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]School
  • Article 29(1)(c) and (e): respect for cultural identity, other civilizations and the natural environmentUNCRC-ART29-1C

    Education should develop respect for the child's own cultural identity and for civilizations different from their own, and for the natural environment.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]School
  • Article 31(1): rest, leisure, play and free participation in cultural life and the artsUNCRC-ART31-1

    States recognise the right to rest and leisure, age-appropriate play and recreation, and participation in cultural life and the arts.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Both
  • Article 31(2): equal opportunities for cultural, artistic, recreational and leisure activityUNCRC-ART31-2

    States promote full participation in cultural and artistic life and encourage equal opportunities for it.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Community

ADEK Early Education Institution Policy on Learning and Development

Department of Education and Knowledge (ADEK), Abu Dhabi · 2 standards

Binding policy for ADEK-licensed early education institutions (nurseries, children under 4). Requires ADEK-approved curricula, play-based learning with most play child-led, and UAE culture and Arabic. No single national UAE early learning outcomes framework was found this session. Edition 2024 (Version 1.0, September 2024; full compliance by AY 2025/26). Type: statutory. Source: https://adek.gov.ae/-/media/Project/TAMM/ADEK/Policies/Early-Education-Policies/Teaching-and-Learning/ADEK_EEI_Learning-and-Development-Policy_EN.pdf

  • Clause 2.1 Active learning through playADEK-EEI-LD-2-1

    Institutions provide a variety of play opportunities, most of them child-led.

    Nursery, under age 4 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Clause 4.1 A prepared environmentADEK-EEI-LD-4-1

    EEIs plan the physical and emotional learning environment around children's innate needs, their physical, social, intellectual, cognitive, creative, emotional and linguistic developmental objectives, and the EEI's learning approach.

    Nursery, under age 4 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood

ADEK School Policy on KG MoE Subjects (v1.0)

Abu Dhabi Department of Education and Knowledge (ADEK) · 1 standards

Requires Arabic Language, Islamic Studies and Social Studies in KG (Pre-KG to KG2) in line with the MoE Mandatory Subjects Guide in Private Kindergartens (2025). Relevant to selling into UAE private schools. Edition 2025. Type: Mandatory regulator policy; effective AY 2025/26, compliance from AY 2026/27. Source: https://adek.gov.ae/-/media/Project/TAMM/ADEK/Policies/School-Policies/Teaching-and-Learning/ADEK-S-KG-MoE-Subjects-Policy_EN_v10.pdf

  • Mandatory MoE subjects in KG: Arabic Language, Islamic Studies and Social StudiesUAE-ADEK-KG-MOESUBJ

    ADEK requires private and charter schools in Abu Dhabi to teach Arabic Language, Islamic Studies and Social Studies in KG (Pre-KG/FS1 to KG2/Y1), in line with the MoE Mandatory Subjects Guide in Private Kindergartens (2025).

    Pre-KG to KG2, age 3 to 6 [PreK to K]Early childhood

Flight: Alberta's Early Learning and Care Framework

MacEwan University authors, funded by the Government of Alberta · 4 standards

Curriculum framework for birth to before age 6 in centre-based and family day home settings. Four holistic play-based goals (Well-Being; Play and Playfulness; Communication and Literacies; Diversity and Social Responsibility) and five dispositions. alberta.ca calls it a free curriculum framework; it does not say use is required. Edition 2014. Type: national. Source: https://roam.macewan.ca/items/ec5ef5a0-29d0-4971-9175-076b8963a94f/full

  • Holistic play-based goal: Communication and LiteraciesFLIGHT-COMM

    Facets: communicative practices, multimodal literacies, literate identities with/in communities; includes art.

    Birth to before age 6 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Holistic play-based goal: Diversity and Social ResponsibilityFLIGHT-DSR

    Facets: inclusiveness and equity, democratic practices, sustainable futures.

    Birth to before age 6 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Holistic play-based goal: Play and PlayfulnessFLIGHT-PLAY

    Facets: imagination and creativity, playful exploration and problem solving, and dizzy play (including humour).

    Birth to before age 6 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood
  • Holistic play-based goal: Well-BeingFLIGHT-WB

    Facets: emotional health and positive self-identity, sense of belonging, physical health.

    Birth to before age 6 [Infant to PreK]Early childhood

Early Literacy Framework and Strategy for Australian Public Libraries

ALIA Public Libraries Advisory Committee · 3 standards

Updated summary of the 2011 framework. Libraries as early literacy active connectors; basic and optimum levels for every public library. Birth to 5. Edition 2014. Type: National professional framework (voluntary). Source: https://library.alia.org.au/node/64

  • Basic level: regular storytimes and recording achievementsALIA-ELFS-BASIC

    Every public library holds regular storytimes and records and reports early literacy achievements.

    Birth to 5 [Birth to PreK]Library
  • Optimum level: early literacy incentivesALIA-ELFS-INCENTIVES

    At the optimum level libraries take part in early literacy incentives such as free books as a membership bonus.

    Birth to 5 [Birth to PreK]Library
  • 4.2 Programs: connect families through sharing booksALIA-ELFS-PROGRAMS

    Library programs let caregivers of any literacy level connect with children by sharing books.

    Birth to 5 [Birth to PreK]Library

APLA-ALIA Standards and Guidelines for Australian Public Libraries

Australian Public Library Alliance and ALIA · 4 standards

May 2021 edition (supersedes Dec 2020). G9.1 children and young people; G9.6 literacy services including story/information trails and reading challenges. Edition 2021. Type: National professional standards and guidelines (voluntary). Source: https://read.alia.org.au/apla-alia-standards-and-guidelines-australian-public-libraries-may-2021

  • G9.1: young people help identify needsAPLA-ALIA-G9-1-VOICE

    Libraries have ways for young people to say what they need and prefer.

    Children and young people [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • G9.6: play-based early literacy in Story TimeAPLA-ALIA-G9-6-PLAY

    Early literacy through play-based learning in Story Time for ages 0 to 5.

    Birth to 5 [Birth to PreK]Library
  • G9.6 Literacy services: trails and reading challenges, with funAPLA-ALIA-G9-6-TRAILS

    Children's literacy programs include story or information trails and reading challenges, tailored to the community with an emphasis on fun.

    Children and adults [All ages]Library
  • G9: policy for young peopleAPLA-ALIA-G9-CHILDPOLICY

    The library policy covers child safety, parental responsibility, unaccompanied children and internet safety.

    Children and young people [Birth to grade 12]Library

Joint Statement on School Libraries

ALIA, Australian School Library Association, Australian Education Union · 1 standards

November 2020. Calls for equitable funding and qualified teacher librarians. Edition 2020. Type: Joint advocacy statement. Source: https://library.alia.org.au/node/1714

  • Joint statement on school librariesALIA-JSSL-QUALIFIED

    Well-resourced school libraries with qualified staff are essential to literacy.

    School students [K-12]School

ALIA core values policy statement

Australian Library and Information Association · 1 standards

Twelve core values including information privacy and fostering reading, information and digital literacies. Edition 2026 (amended August 2026). Type: Professional values statement. Source: https://read.alia.org.au/sites/default/files/documents/ALIA%20core%20values%20policy%20statement%202026.pdf

  • Core value 6: information privacyALIA-VALUES-PRIVACY

    Library professionals commit to information privacy principles.

    All ages [All ages]Library

British Columbia Early Learning Framework

Government of British Columbia (Ministry of Education and Child Care), with the Early Childhood Educators of BC and others · 4 standards

Provincial framework for birth to 8 years. Four living inquiries (formerly areas of learning) with pathways and critically reflective questions. Does not prescribe a right way to practise; voluntary guidance, not a curriculum with outcomes. Edition 2019 (updates the 2008 framework). Type: national. Source: https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/education/early-learning/teach/earlylearning/early_learning_framework.pdf

  • Living inquiry: Communication and literacies (pathway: multiple modes of communication)BCELF-COMM

    Children use multiple modes of expressive language; pathways include multiple modes of communication and sound and word play.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Both
  • Living inquiry: Engagement with others, materials, and the worldBCELF-ENG

    Children construct meaning as they engage with materials, people, the environment and the community.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Both
  • Living inquiry: Identities, social responsibility, and diversityBCELF-IDS

    A positive personal and cultural identity is the awareness and appreciation of all facets of a healthy sense of oneself.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Both
  • Living inquiry: Well-being and belongingBCELF-WB

    Nurturing well-being and belonging supports children as they learn about and investigate the world.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Both

British Columbia Curriculum: Core Competencies

British Columbia Ministry of Education and Child Care · 7 standards

Three Core Competencies (Communication, Thinking, Personal and Social) with seven sub-competencies, facets and six profiles each. Edition 2016. Type: Provincial curriculum (core competencies embedded in every area of learning). Source: https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/competencies

  • Communication: CollaboratingBC-CC-COLLABORATING

    Communication: Collaborating sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Communication: CommunicatingBC-CC-COMMUNICATING

    Communication: Communicating sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Thinking: Creative ThinkingBC-CC-CREATIVE

    Thinking: Creative Thinking sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Thinking: Critical and Reflective ThinkingBC-CC-CRITICAL

    Thinking: Critical and Reflective Thinking sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Personal and Social: Personal Awareness and ResponsibilityBC-CC-PAR

    Personal and Social: Personal Awareness and Responsibility sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Personal and Social: Positive Personal and Cultural IdentityBC-CC-PPCI

    Personal and Social: Positive Personal and Cultural Identity sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both
  • Personal and Social: Social Awareness and ResponsibilityBC-CC-SAR

    Personal and Social: Social Awareness and Responsibility sub-competency (Core Competencies, developed in all areas of learning; six profiles).

    K to Grade 12, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]Both

British Columbia Curriculum: English Language Arts K to 7

British Columbia Ministry of Education and Child Care · 7 standards

Curricular competency groups: Comprehend and connect (reading, listening, viewing); Create and communicate (writing, speaking, representing). Big Ideas per grade. Edition year is the redesigned curriculum rollout; the site carries no single edition date. Edition 2016. Type: Provincial curriculum (learning standards: curricular competencies and content). Source: https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/english-language-arts/1/core

  • Big Idea (Grade 1)BC-ELA-1-BIGIDEA-JOY

    Language and story can be a source of creativity and joy.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Comprehend and connect: Use personal experience and knowledge to connect to stories and other textsBC-ELA-1-CONNECT

    Use personal experience and knowledge to connect to stories and other texts to make meaning

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Create and communicate: Create stories and other textsBC-ELA-1-CREATE

    Create stories and other texts to deepen awareness of self, family, and community

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Comprehend and connect: Engage actively as listeners, viewers, and readersBC-ELA-1-ENGAGE

    Engage actively as listeners, viewers, and readers

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Create and communicate: Exchange ideas and perspectivesBC-ELA-1-EXCHANGE

    Exchange ideas and perspectives

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Create and communicate: Plan and create a variety of communication formsBC-ELA-1-FORMS

    Plan and create a variety of communication forms

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Comprehend and connect: Use a variety of comprehension strategies (Grade 4)BC-ELA-4-COMPREHEND

    Use a variety of comprehension strategies before, during, and after reading, listening, or viewing to deepen understanding of text

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School

British Columbia Curriculum: Arts Education K to 7

British Columbia Ministry of Education and Child Care · 6 standards

Curricular competency groups: Exploring and creating; Reasoning and reflecting; Communicating and documenting; Connecting and expanding (later grades). Covers dance, drama, music, visual arts. Edition 2016. Type: Provincial curriculum (learning standards: curricular competencies and content). Source: https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/arts-education/1/core

  • Arts Education Grade 1: Big Idea (Grade 1)BC-ARTS-1-BIGIDEA

    People connect to others and share ideas through the arts.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Arts Education Grade 1: Exploring and creatingBC-ARTS-1-CREATE

    Create artistic works collaboratively and as an individual, using ideas inspired by imagination, inquiry, experimentation, and purposeful play

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Arts Education Grade 1: Communicating and documentingBC-ARTS-1-DOCUMENT

    Experience, document and share creative works in a variety of ways

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Arts Education Grade 1: Communicating and documentingBC-ARTS-1-EXPRESS

    Express feelings, ideas, stories, observations, and experiences through the arts

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Arts Education Grade 1: Communicating and documentingBC-ARTS-1-RESPOND

    Describe and respond to works of art

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Kindergarten content: notation to represent sounds, ideas and movementBC-ARTS-K-NOTATION

    Notation, including body percussion and invented symbols, represents sounds, ideas and movement.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School

BC Curriculum: Mathematics (Kindergarten to Grade 9)

British Columbia Ministry of Education and Child Care · 12 standards

Know-Do-Understand model: Big Ideas (for example Patterning), Curricular Competencies (for example Estimate reasonably) and grade Content with elaborations, plus First Peoples perspectives. Parade fit: subitizing in K, repeating then increasing and decreasing patterns, non-standard measurement, concrete graphs, fraction concepts, line symmetry, Cartesian plane. Edition 2016 (redesigned curriculum; K to 9). Type: Provincial curriculum; Big Ideas, Curricular Competencies and Content are the learning standards. Source: https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/mathematics/k/core

  • Grade 1 Content: concrete graphsBC-MATH-1-GRAPH

    Create, describe and compare concrete graphs using one-to-one correspondence.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Content: direct measurement with non-standard unitsBC-MATH-1-MEASURE

    Direct measurement with uniform and non-uniform non-standard units.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Content: repeating patterns with multiple elementsBC-MATH-1-PATTERN

    Repeating patterns with multiple elements and attributes.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 2 Content: repeating and increasing patternsBC-MATH-2-PATTERN

    Repeating and increasing patterns; identify the core of a repeating pattern.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 3 Content: area with square unitsBC-MATH-3-AREA

    Area measurement with standard and non-standard square units.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 3 Content: fraction conceptsBC-MATH-3-FRACTION

    Fractions as parts of a region, set or linear model.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 3 Content: increasing and decreasing patternsBC-MATH-3-PATTERN

    Increasing and decreasing patterns; describe the pattern rule.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 4 Content: line symmetryBC-MATH-4-SYMMETRY

    Line symmetry, creating designs with a mirror image.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Grade 6 Content: Cartesian planeBC-MATH-6-CARTESIAN

    Plot points on the Cartesian plane using whole-number ordered pairs.

    Grade 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School
  • Big Idea, Patterning (K to 7)BC-MATH-BI-PATTERN

    We use patterns to represent identified regularities and to make generalizations.

    Kindergarten to Grade 7, age 5 to 13 [K to Grade 7]School
  • Curricular Competency: Estimate reasonablyBC-MATH-CC-ESTIMATE

    Estimate by comparing to something familiar.

    Kindergarten to Grade 5, age 5 to 11 [K to Grade 5]School
  • Kindergarten Content: number concepts to 10 (subitizing)BC-MATH-K-SUBITIZE

    Number concepts to 10, including perceptual and conceptual subitizing.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School

British Columbia Curriculum: Science K to 7

British Columbia Ministry of Education and Child Care · 7 standards

Big Ideas, curricular competencies (questioning and predicting; planning and conducting; processing and analysing; evaluating; applying and innovating; communicating) and content per grade. Edition 2016. Type: Provincial curriculum (learning standards: curricular competencies and content). Source: https://curriculum.gov.bc.ca/curriculum/science/k

  • Grade 1 content: behavioural adaptations including camouflageBC-SCI-1-CAMOUFLAGE

    Behavioural adaptations of local animals, including camouflage and mimicry.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 content: light makes images and shadowsBC-SCI-1-SHADOWS

    Properties of light; interactions of light with objects create images and shadows.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Big Idea: patterns and cycles in the skyBC-SCI-1-SKY

    Observable patterns and cycles occur in the local sky and landscape.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 3 content: erosion and depositionBC-SCI-3-EROSION

    Observable changes in the local environment caused by erosion and deposition by wind, water and ice.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 4 content: sun, moon and Earth positions (moon phases)BC-SCI-4-MOON

    Effects of the relative positions of the sun, moon and Earth, for example phases of the moon and tides.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Kindergarten curricular competency: curiosity and wonderBC-SCI-K-CURIOSITY

    Demonstrate curiosity and a sense of wonder; observe; ask simple questions; make exploratory observations with the senses.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Kindergarten Big Idea: daily and seasonal changesBC-SCI-K-SEASONS

    Daily and seasonal changes affect all living things.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Cambridge Early Years curriculum

Cambridge University Press and Assessment (Cambridge International Education) · 10 standards

Play-based, child-centred programme in six curriculum areas (Communication, language and literacy; Mathematics; Creative expression; Personal, social and emotional development; Physical development; Understanding the world) with coded learning statements (for example 1CEa.01). Twelve published key principles. Edition Current programme; Key principles v1; curriculum samples document checked 2026-10-14. Type: Curriculum adopted by Cambridge Early Years centres; not a government requirement. Source: https://www.cambridgeinternational.org/programmes-and-qualifications/cambridge-early-years/

  • Creative expression, art and design: explore and respond (1CEa.01, 2CEa.01, 3CEa.01)CAMEY-CE-ART

    Explore visual and tactile qualities in the natural and made world, then respond through play and art making.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Communication, language and literacy: listening to stories (1CLc.05, 2CL.FLEc.05, 3CL.FLEc.05)CAMEY-CL-LISTEN

    Enjoy and begin to listen attentively to stories, progressing to sustained attentive listening with relevant comments and questions.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Key principle 4: play-based, child-centred pedagogy with child-initiated and adult-led practiceCAMEY-KP4-PLAY

    Early years pedagogy should be play-based, developmentally appropriate and child-centred, mixing child-initiated and adult-led practice.

    Ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Key principle 6: high-quality oral interaction and adult modellingCAMEY-KP6-ORAL

    Language and communication, including literacy, is a fundamental tool for learning; adult talk and modelling are vital.

    Ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Mathematics, number: ordinal numbers (1Mn.04, 2Mn.04, 3Mn.03)CAMEY-MN-ORDINAL

    Use ordinal numbers in practical contexts such as a sequence of events or a line.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Mathematics, shape, space and measure: patterns (1Ms.06, 2Ms.09, 3Ms.09)CAMEY-MS-PATTERN

    Recognise patterns in the environment, then copy and create repeating colour patterns and spot errors.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Physical development: understanding movement (1PD.09, 2PD.10, 3PD.10, 3PD.11)CAMEY-PD-MOVE

    Respond to movement instructions, including imaginative ones, follow simple rules, and begin basic tactics in relay races.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Personal, social and emotional development: reflect on activities (1PS.06, 2PS.06, 3PS.07)CAMEY-PS-REFLECT

    Reflect on activities and experiences, saying what they liked and why, and join group discussion.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Personal, social and emotional development: self-regulation and right and wrong (1PS.29, 2PS.24, 3PS.26)CAMEY-PS-SELFREG

    Self-regulate emotions and behaviour in relation to right and wrong, for example not showing distress after a mistake or losing a game.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Understanding the world, digital technology: short periods on devices (2UWd.04)CAMEY-UWD-SCREEN

    Recognise that digital devices should be used only for short periods of time.

    EY1 to EY3, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood

Leading Learning: Standards of Practice for School Library Learning Commons in Canada

Canadian Library Association (2014); now Canadian School Libraries · 2 standards

Five standards with growth indicators (Exploring to Leading into the Future). Online version continuously updated; PDF no longer supported. Companion: Foundations for School Library Learning Commons in Canada (2023), not opened. Edition 2014. Type: National professional standards of practice (voluntary). Source: https://llsop.canadianschoollibraries.ca/

  • Standard 4 Fostering Literacies: Engaging ReadersCSL-LL-ENGAGING-READERS

    Growth from students self-selecting and enjoying reading to students helping build a community of readers.

    K-12 [K-12]School
  • Standard 5: Designing Learning Environments to Support Participatory LearningCSL-LL-ENVIRONMENTS

    Design physical and virtual spaces for participatory learning.

    K-12 [K-12]School

CFLA-FCAB Statement on Libraries and the Intellectual Freedom of Children and Youth

Canadian Federation of Library Associations · 2 standards

Dated April 25 2024, approved by CFLA Board July 2 2024. Privacy and access rights of minors; parents steward their own child only. Edition 2024. Type: National professional position statement. Source: https://cfla-fcab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/April-25-2024-CFLA-Statement-on-Children-Libraries-IF.docx.pdf

  • Responsibilities: parent involvementCFLA-CHILD-PARENTS

    Libraries encourage parent involvement; staff do not act in a parental capacity.

    Children and youth [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Rights and freedoms: privacy at every ageCFLA-CHILD-PRIVACY

    Everyone, regardless of age, has a right to privacy and confidentiality; libraries defend children's privacy.

    Children and youth [Birth to grade 12]Library

CFLA Position Statement on the Status of School Libraries in Canada

Canadian Federation of Library Associations (with Canadian School Libraries) · 1 standards

Dated May 2 2024. Every child deserves a professionally staffed, fully funded school library; points to Leading Learning and Foundations (2023). Edition 2024. Type: National professional position statement. Source: https://cfla-fcab.ca/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/CFLA-POSITION-STATEMENT-ON-THE-STATUS-OF-SCHOOL-LIBRARIES-IN-CANADArev.docx.pdf

  • Every child deserves a school libraryCFLA-SCHOOL-EVERYCHILD

    Every child in Canada deserves an excellent, professionally staffed, fully funded school library.

    School age [K-12]School

Quality Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (Dubai)

Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA), Dubai · 1 standards

Quality framework for nurseries, preschools and early years settings in schools in Dubai. Press reports five domains and describe it as a tool for reviewing practice. KHDA page opened but its text did not list domains; rows UNVERIFIED. Edition 2025 (launched November 2025). Type: guidance. Source: https://web.khda.gov.ae/en/Guides/Education-Providers/General-Guidelines/Quality-Framework-for-Early-Childhood-Care-and-Edu

  • Five quality domains: learning and curriculum; partnership with families; learning environment; health and safeguarding; system leadershipKHDA-ECCE-DOMAINS

    Quality framework domains for early childhood settings in Dubai.

    Birth to early years in schools [Infant to K]Early childhood

Early years foundation stage (EYFS) statutory framework for group and school-based providers

Department for Education (England) · 31 standards

Seven areas of learning (three prime, four specific), educational programmes, 17 early learning goals, three characteristics of effective teaching and learning, and Section 3 safeguarding and welfare requirements. Birth to 31 August after age 5. The 1 September 2025 edition was replaced on 1 September 2026 (gov.uk: changes cover safer sleep, screen use, banned dog breeds, safeguarding clarifications). A separate EYFS framework applies to childminders. Edition 2026 (effective 1 September 2026). Type: Statutory framework for registered early years providers and schools in England. Source: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6a5f8e4fb00f3323bf1a23a1/EYFS_group_and_school_based_from_September_2026.pdf

  • Characteristics of effective teaching and learningEYFS-COETL

    Playing and exploring; active learning; creating and thinking critically (para 1.18).

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • ELG: Listening, Attention and UnderstandingEYFS-ELG-CL-LAU

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: SpeakingEYFS-ELG-CL-SPK

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Being Imaginative and ExpressiveEYFS-ELG-EAD-BIE

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Creating with MaterialsEYFS-ELG-EAD-CWM

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: ComprehensionEYFS-ELG-LIT-COMP

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: WritingEYFS-ELG-LIT-WRI

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Numerical PatternsEYFS-ELG-MATHS-NP

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Number (subitise up to 5, numbers to 10)EYFS-ELG-NUMBER

    End-of-Reception goal: deep understanding of numbers to 10, subitising to 5, number bonds to 5.

    Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • ELG: Numerical PatternsEYFS-ELG-NUMPATTERNS

    End-of-Reception goal: count beyond 20, compare quantities to 10, explore patterns within numbers.

    Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • ELG: Fine Motor SkillsEYFS-ELG-PD-FMS

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Gross Motor SkillsEYFS-ELG-PD-GMS

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Building RelationshipsEYFS-ELG-PSED-BR

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Managing SelfEYFS-ELG-PSED-MS

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: Self-RegulationEYFS-ELG-PSED-SR

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • ELG: The Natural WorldEYFS-ELG-UTW-NW

    Early learning goal: expected level of development at the end of the EYFS.

    End of Reception, age 4 to 5 [PreK-K]School
  • Communication and language (prime area)EYFS-PRIME-CL

    Educational programme: back-and-forth talk, frequent reading, stories, rhymes and role play build vocabulary.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Physical development (prime area)EYFS-PRIME-PD

    Educational programme: gross and fine motor experiences, arts and crafts and small tools build control.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Personal, social and emotional development (prime area)EYFS-PRIME-PSED

    Educational programme: warm relationships, managing emotions, friendships, co-operation and resolving conflict.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Overarching principles: enabling environments and partnershipEYFS-PRIN-PARTNER

    Four guiding principles, including a strong partnership between practitioners and parents and/or carers.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Expressive arts and design (specific area)EYFS-SPEC-EAD

    Educational programme: regular arts experiences with a wide range of media and materials.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Literacy (specific area)EYFS-SPEC-LIT

    Educational programme: love of reading, language comprehension through talk about books, rhymes and songs.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Mathematics (specific area)EYFS-SPEC-MATHS

    Educational programme: number to 10, patterns, spatial reasoning and positive attitudes to maths.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Understanding the world (specific area)EYFS-SPEC-UTW

    Educational programme: making sense of the physical world and community, including visits to libraries.

    Birth to end of Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Both
  • Supporting and understanding children's behaviour (3.74 to 3.75)EYFS-W-BEHAV

    No corporal punishment or any punishment that could negatively affect a child's well-being.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Health: illness and infection procedure (3.60)EYFS-W-INFECTION

    Providers must have a procedure, discussed with parents, for ill or infectious children, covering steps to prevent spread of infection.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Key person (3.42)EYFS-W-KEYPERSON

    Each child has a key person who helps the child settle and builds a relationship with parents.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Information for parents and carers (3.100)EYFS-W-PARENTS

    Providers must tell parents about activities, daily routines and how parents can share learning at home.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Safeguarding policy: mobile phones and cameras (3.6)EYFS-W-PHOTO

    Safeguarding policies must cover how devices with imaging and sharing capabilities are used in the setting.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Safety of premises and equipment (3.80)EYFS-W-PREMISES

    Premises and activities must be suitable for the age of children; comply with health and safety law including hygiene.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Risk assessment (3.93)EYFS-W-RISK

    Providers must take all reasonable steps on risk and be able to show how they manage it; written assessments where helpful.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood

Development Matters: non-statutory curriculum guidance for the early years foundation stage

Department for Education (England) · 5 standards

Observation checkpoints and practice suggestions for birth to 3, 3 and 4 year olds, and Reception, plus seven key features of effective practice including partnership with parents. Edition 2021 (updated 4 September 2023). Type: Non-statutory government guidance; EYFS 1.20 says Ofsted will not take it into account. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/development-matters--2/development-matters

  • Expressive arts and design, 3 and 4 year olds: drawing and meaningDEVMAT-EAD-DRAW

    Spend sustained time alongside children and talk about the meanings they give their drawings.

    Age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Expressive arts and design, birth to three: making marksDEVMAT-EAD-MARKS

    Offer babies and toddlers a wide range of materials to make marks in different ways; introduce colour names.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Communication and language, 3 and 4 year olds and Reception: daily storytimeDEVMAT-LIT-STORY

    Timetable daily storytime, re-read books, send books home for parents to share.

    Age 3 to 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Seven key features of effective practice: 7. Partnership with parentsDEVMAT-PARTNER

    Strong, respectful partnership; listening to parents; home learning has a significant impact.

    Birth to Reception, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Physical development, 3 and 4 year olds: large vertical surfacesDEVMAT-PD-VERTICAL

    Painting or mark making on walls and easels builds shoulder and arm movement and crossing the mid-line.

    Age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood

Birth to 5 Matters: guidance by the sector, for the sector

Early Education on behalf of the Early Years Coalition · 3 standards

Non-statutory alternative to Development Matters covering the EYFS principles, characteristics of effective learning (renamed thinking creatively and critically) and seven areas in overlapping ranges. Edition 2021 (web edition). Type: Voluntary sector guidance; not a requirement. Source: https://birthto5matters.org.uk/introduction/

  • Characteristics of effective learning: Active learning (motivation)B5M-COEL-AL

    Children keep on trying and enjoy meeting challenges for their own sake; adults give specific praise for effort.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Positive relationships: Parents as partnersB5M-PARENTS

    Parents make a crucial difference; each family valued, welcomed and heard; home learning environment matters.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • PlayB5M-PLAY

    Children have a right to play; play is open-ended and builds wellbeing and learning across all areas.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood

Health protection in children and young people settings, including education

UK Health Security Agency · 1 standards

Infection prevention and control guidance with an early years chapter on toys, equipment and milk handling. Edition Updated 7 September 2026. Type: Government guidance; EYFS 3.60 footnote 58 points providers to it. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/health-protection-in-schools-and-other-childcare-facilities/specific-educational-settings-and-populations-additional-health-protection-considerations

  • Early years settings: toys and equipmentUKHSA-EY-TOYS

    In addition to general cleaning: marked toys, easily cleaned equipment, clean storage, no toys in toilet areas.

    Birth to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood

National curriculum in England: English programmes of study, key stages 1 and 2

Department for Education (DfE) · 20 standards

Year by year statutory requirements for spoken language (years 1 to 6), reading (word reading, comprehension) and writing (transcription, handwriting, composition, grammar), plus non-statutory notes. Published September 2013, in force from 2014. Under review: the Curriculum and Assessment Review (Nov 2025) recommended changes and the government plans a revised national curriculum in 2027 for first teaching in 2028. Edition 2013. Type: Statutory national curriculum for maintained schools in England (academies follow a broad and balanced curriculum and often use it). Source: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7de93840f0b62305b7f8ee/PRIMARY_national_curriculum_-_English_220714.pdf

  • Spoken language: collaborative conversationNCENG-EN-SL-COLLAB

    Maintain attention in collaborative conversations, stay on topic, initiate and respond.

    Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Spoken language: descriptions, explanations and narrativesNCENG-EN-SL-DESCRIBE

    Give well-structured descriptions, explanations and narratives, including for expressing feelings.

    Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Spoken language: speculating, hypothesising and imaginingNCENG-EN-SL-IMAGINE

    Use talk to speculate, hypothesise, imagine and explore ideas.

    Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Spoken language (years 1 to 6): listening and questioningNCENG-EN-SL-LISTEN

    Listen and respond appropriately to adults and peers and ask relevant questions to extend understanding.

    Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Spoken language: discussion, performance and role playNCENG-EN-SL-PERFORM

    Participate in discussions, presentations, performances, role play, improvisation and debate.

    Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Year 1 writing composition: oral rehearsalNCENG-EN-Y1-COMP-ORAL

    Say aloud what they will write, compose a sentence orally before writing, and read it back.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 handwriting: posture, grip and letter formationNCENG-EN-Y1-HW

    Sit correctly holding a pencil comfortably; form lower-case letters in the correct direction; form capitals and digits.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 reading comprehension: pleasure in reading and listening to booksNCENG-EN-Y1-RC-PLEASURE

    Develop pleasure in reading and vocabulary by listening to and discussing stories, poems and non-fiction beyond independent level.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]Both
  • Year 1 reading comprehension: inference and predictionNCENG-EN-Y1-RC-PREDICT

    Make inferences from what is said and done and predict what might happen.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]Both
  • Year 1 reading comprehension: key stories and retellingNCENG-EN-Y1-RC-RETELL

    Become very familiar with key stories, fairy stories and traditional tales and retell them.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]Both
  • Year 1 reading, word reading: reading aloud decodable booksNCENG-EN-Y1-WR-DECODE

    Read aloud books matched to the phonics taught, and re-read them for fluency and confidence.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 2 writing composition: writing about personal experiences and real eventsNCENG-EN-Y2-COMP-PURPOSE

    Develop stamina by writing narratives about personal experiences, real events and poetry for different purposes.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 reading comprehension: expressing views and favourite wordsNCENG-EN-Y2-RC-VIEWS

    Listen to, discuss and express views about contemporary and classic poetry, stories and non-fiction; discuss favourite words and phrases.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]Both
  • Years 3 to 4 writing composition: settings, characters and plotNCENG-EN-Y34-COMP-NARR

    In narratives, create settings, characters and plot; rehearse sentences orally.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]School
  • Years 3 to 4 reading comprehension: inferring characters' feelingsNCENG-EN-Y34-RC-INFER

    Draw inferences about characters' feelings, thoughts and motives and justify them with evidence.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]Both
  • Years 3 to 4 reading comprehension: preparing texts to read aloud and performNCENG-EN-Y34-RC-PERFORM

    Prepare poems and play scripts to read aloud and perform with intonation, tone, volume and action.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]Both
  • Years 3 to 4 word reading: root words, prefixes and suffixesNCENG-EN-Y34-WR-MORPH

    Use knowledge of root words, prefixes and suffixes to read aloud and understand new words.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]School
  • Years 5 to 6 writing composition: audience and purposeNCENG-EN-Y56-COMP-AUD

    Identify audience and purpose, choose the form and use models.

    Upper key stage 2, Years 5 to 6, age 9 to 11 [Grades 4-5]School
  • Years 5 to 6 handwriting and presentation: choosing the implementNCENG-EN-Y56-HW-IMPLEMENT

    Write legibly and fluently and choose the writing implement best suited to the task.

    Upper key stage 2, Years 5 to 6, age 9 to 11 [Grades 4-5]School
  • Years 5 to 6 reading comprehension: wide reading including other culturesNCENG-EN-Y56-RC-RANGE

    Read and discuss an increasingly wide range of fiction, poetry, plays and non-fiction, including books from other cultures and traditions.

    Upper key stage 2, Years 5 to 6, age 9 to 11 [Grades 4-5]Both

National curriculum in England: art and design programmes of study, key stages 1 and 2

Department for Education (DfE) · 7 standards

Short programme of study (four KS1 statements, three KS2 statements). The 2025 Curriculum and Assessment Review recommended limited revisions to clarify progression without adding content. Edition 2013. Type: Statutory national curriculum foundation subject for maintained schools in England. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-art-and-design-programmes-of-study

  • Key stage 1: learning about artists, craft makers and designersNCENG-AD-KS1-ARTISTS

    Learn about a range of artists, craft makers and designers and link to own work.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-1]School
  • Key stage 1: drawing and painting to share ideas, experiences and imaginationNCENG-AD-KS1-DRAW

    Use drawing, painting and sculpture to develop and share ideas, experiences and imagination.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-1]School
  • Key stage 1: colour, pattern, texture, line, shape, form and spaceNCENG-AD-KS1-ELEMENTS

    Develop techniques in colour, pattern, texture, line, shape, form and space.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-1]School
  • Key stage 1: using materials creativelyNCENG-AD-KS1-MATERIALS

    Use a range of materials creatively to design and make products.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-1]School
  • Key stage 2: great artists, architects and designersNCENG-AD-KS2-GREAT

    Learn about great artists, architects and designers in history.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School
  • Key stage 2: mastery of techniques with a range of materialsNCENG-AD-KS2-MASTERY

    Improve mastery of drawing, painting and sculpture with a range of materials.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School
  • Key stage 2: sketchbooks to record, review and revisit ideasNCENG-AD-KS2-SKETCHBOOK

    Create sketchbooks to record observations and review and revisit ideas.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School

National curriculum in England: mathematics programmes of study, key stages 1 and 2

Department for Education (DfE) · 28 standards

Used here only where our counting, pattern, shape, symmetry, fraction and data activities fit (Years 1 to 4). Page last updated 2021. Edition 2013. Type: Statutory national curriculum core subject for maintained schools in England. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-mathematics-programmes-of-study

  • Aim: reason mathematicallyNCENG-MA-AIM-REASON

    National curriculum aim for all pupils: reason, conjecture and justify.

    Key stages 1 to 2, age 5 to 11 [K to Grade 5]School
  • Year 1 number and place value: countingNCENG-MA-Y1-COUNT

    Count to and across 100 forwards and backwards from any number; count in 2s, 5s and 10s.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 fractions: a halfNCENG-MA-Y1-HALF

    Recognise, find and name a half as one of two equal parts of an object, shape or quantity.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 measurement: compare lengths and heightsNCENG-MA-Y1-MEASURE

    Compare, describe and solve practical problems about length and height.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 geometry: position, direction and movementNCENG-MA-Y1-POSITION

    Describe position, direction and movement including half and quarter turns.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 fractions: a quarterNCENG-MA-Y1-QUARTER

    Recognise, find and name a quarter as one of four equal parts.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 number: representing numbers with objects and picturesNCENG-MA-Y1-REPRESENT

    Identify and represent numbers with objects and pictorial representations, including the number line.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 geometry: naming 2-D and 3-D shapesNCENG-MA-Y1-SHAPE

    Recognise and name common 2-D and 3-D shapes.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 2 fractions of a length, shape, set or quantityNCENG-MA-Y2-FRACTIONS

    Recognise, find, name and write 1/3, 1/4, 2/4 and 3/4 of a length, shape, set or quantity.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 measurement: estimate and measure lengthNCENG-MA-Y2-MEASURE

    Choose and use standard units to estimate and measure length and height.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 number: represent and estimate numbers including on a number lineNCENG-MA-Y2-NUMLINE

    Identify, represent and estimate numbers using representations including the number line.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 geometry: patterns and sequencesNCENG-MA-Y2-PATTERN

    Order and arrange combinations of mathematical objects in patterns and sequences.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 statistics: pictograms, tally charts and tablesNCENG-MA-Y2-STATS

    Interpret and construct simple pictograms, tally charts, block diagrams and tables.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 geometry: line symmetry in a vertical lineNCENG-MA-Y2-SYMMETRY

    Identify and describe properties of 2-D shapes, including line symmetry in a vertical line.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 3 statistics: bar charts, pictograms and tablesNCENG-MA-Y3-DATA

    Interpret and present data using bar charts, pictograms and tables.

    Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Year 3 fractions: equivalent fractions with diagramsNCENG-MA-Y3-EQUIV

    Recognise and show equivalent fractions with small denominators using diagrams.

    Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Year 3 calculation: estimate and checkNCENG-MA-Y3-ESTIMATE

    Estimate the answer to a calculation and check with inverse operations.

    Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Year 3 fractions of a setNCENG-MA-Y3-FRACTIONS

    Recognise, find and write fractions of a discrete set of objects.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]School
  • Year 4 measurement: area by counting squaresNCENG-MA-Y4-AREA

    Find the area of rectilinear shapes by counting squares.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 4 geometry: coordinates in the first quadrantNCENG-MA-Y4-COORD

    Describe positions on a 2-D grid as coordinates.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 4 statistics: bar charts and time graphsNCENG-MA-Y4-DATA

    Interpret and present discrete and continuous data with suitable graphs.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 4 fractions: families of equivalent fractionsNCENG-MA-Y4-FAMILIES

    Recognise and show families of common equivalent fractions with diagrams.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 4 geometry: completing a symmetric figureNCENG-MA-Y4-SYMMETRY

    Complete a simple symmetric figure with respect to a given line of symmetry.

    Lower key stage 2, Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]School
  • Year 4 geometry: translations on a gridNCENG-MA-Y4-TRANSLATE

    Describe movements between grid positions as translations.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 5 geometry: reflection and translationNCENG-MA-Y5-REFLECT

    Identify and represent a shape after reflection or translation and know it has not changed.

    Year 5, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Year 6 geometry: full coordinate gridNCENG-MA-Y6-COORD4

    Describe positions on all four quadrants of the coordinate grid.

    Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Year 6 statistics: pie charts and line graphsNCENG-MA-Y6-PIE

    Interpret and construct pie charts and line graphs to solve problems.

    Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Year 6 algebra: linear number sequencesNCENG-MA-Y6-SEQUENCES

    Generate and describe linear number sequences.

    Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School

Relationships Education, Relationships and Sex Education (RSE) and Health Education: statutory guidance

Department for Education (DfE) · 10 standards

Revised guidance published July 2025, in force 1 September 2026. Primary content: Families and people who care for me; Caring friendships; Respectful, kind relationships; Online safety and awareness; Being safe; plus primary health and wellbeing. PSHE beyond RSHE is non-statutory. Edition 2025. Type: Statutory guidance: schools must have regard to it; Relationships Education and Health Education are compulsory in all primary schools. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/relationships-education-relationships-and-sex-education-rse-and-health-education

  • Health education: General wellbeing (4)ENG-RSHE-HW-FEELINGS

    Recognise feelings and use varied vocabulary to talk about their own and others' feelings.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]Both
  • Health education: General wellbeing (1)ENG-RSHE-HW-HELPING

    Benefits of physical activity, time outdoors and helping others for wellbeing and happiness.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]Both
  • Relationships education: Caring friendships (3)ENG-RSHE-HW-LONELY

    Not every child has the friends they would like at all times; there is no shame in feeling lonely.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Relationships education: Online safety and awareness (5)ENG-RSHE-ONLINE-IMAGES

    Material shared online may circulate; once circulated a picture cannot be deleted everywhere.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]Both
  • Relationships education: Respectful, kind relationships (7)ENG-RSHE-RE-COURTESY

    The conventions of courtesy and manners.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Relationships education: Families and people who care for me (3)ENG-RSHE-RE-FAMILIES

    Other children's families sometimes look different; respect those differences.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]Both
  • Relationships education: Caring friendships (5 and 6)ENG-RSHE-RE-FRIEND-REPAIR

    Most friendships have ups and downs that can be worked through; how to manage conflict.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Relationships education: Caring friendships (2)ENG-RSHE-RE-FRIEND-WELCOME

    Healthy friendships are welcoming and do not make others feel lonely or excluded; learn skills for caring, kind friendships.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Relationships education: Respectful, kind relationships (3)ENG-RSHE-RE-KIND-CONFLICT

    Communicate effectively and manage conflict with kindness and respect; manage feelings including disappointment and frustration.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]School
  • Relationships education: Being safe (2)ENG-RSHE-SAFE-SECRETS

    Privacy, and that it is not always right to keep secrets if they relate to being safe.

    End of primary, Years 1 to 6, age 5 to 11 [K-5]Both

The reading framework

Department for Education (DfE) · 4 standards

DfE guidance on early language, systematic synthetic phonics, decodable books, reading aloud, book corners and a reading for pleasure culture, including advice on rewards and competitions. Revised July 2023. Edition 2023. Type: Non-statutory guidance; not a requirement. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-reading-framework-teaching-the-foundations-of-literacy

  • Book corners as mini librariesENG-RF-BOOKCORNER

    A book corner should be a mini library: selecting, displaying and promoting books matters more than decoration.

    Reception to Year 2, age 4 to 7 [PreK-1]Both
  • Phonics: decodable booksENG-RF-DECODABLE

    Children practise reading with decodable books matched to the phonics taught; families should be shown how to help.

    Reception to Year 2, age 4 to 7 [PreK-1]Both
  • Reading for pleasure: promotional activities inside a strategyENG-RF-PROMOTION

    Competitions, dressing up days and promotions should sit inside a wider reading strategy; alone they do not motivate all pupils.

    Reception to Year 6, age 4 to 11 [PreK-5]Both
  • Reading for pleasure: rewardsENG-RF-REWARDS

    Intrinsic motivation is linked more closely to reading achievement than extrinsic; occasional rewards should be reading-related.

    Reception to Year 6, age 4 to 11 [PreK-5]Both

The writing framework

Department for Education (DfE) · 2 standards

DfE guidance (July 2025) on teaching writing in primary: oral rehearsal, handwriting (posture, implement size, letter formation), composition and the link to the Curriculum and Assessment Review. Edition 2025. Type: Non-statutory guidance; not a requirement. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-writing-framework

  • Handwriting: choice of writing surface and implementENG-WF-IMPLEMENT

    Choose a surface and implement suitable to the activity; pencil and paper give better feedback than whiteboards.

    Reception to Year 6, age 4 to 11 [PreK-5]School
  • Handwriting readiness: movements at a range of sizesENG-WF-MOVEMENT

    Early handwriting lessons can include learning letter movements at a range of sizes before pencil control.

    Reception to Year 1, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School

Curriculum and Assessment Review final report: Building a world-class curriculum for all

Independent Curriculum and Assessment Review panel, published by DfE · 3 standards

Recommends clearer spoken language requirements and a new oracy framework, a streamlined primary grammar load, limited revisions to art and design, and statutory citizenship at key stages 1 and 2. Edition 2025. Type: Independent report with recommendations; not a requirement. Government response (Nov 2025) accepts most and plans a revised national curriculum in 2027 for first teaching in 2028. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/curriculum-and-assessment-review-final-report

  • Recommendation: limited revisions to art and designENG-CAR-ART

    Revise KS1 to KS3 art and design to clarify knowledge and skills, keeping creativity and not adding content.

    Key stages 1 to 3 [K-8]School
  • Recommendation: statutory citizenship at key stages 1 and 2ENG-CAR-CITIZENSHIP

    Make citizenship (including financial education) part of the primary national curriculum.

    Key stages 1 to 2 [K-5]School
  • Recommendation: an oracy frameworkENG-CAR-ORACY

    Clearer speaking and listening requirements across English, supported by a new oracy framework.

    Key stages 1 to 4 [K-12]School

Data protection in schools: taking and using photos and videos, and using CCTV in schools

Department for Education (England) · 1 standards

Identifiable images are personal data; lawful basis, consent, opt-outs, review consent yearly, ask pupils directly from about 13. Edition 2023 (updated 14 Oct 2026). Type: Non-statutory government guidance explaining statutory UK GDPR duties. Source: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/data-protection-in-schools/taking-and-using-photos-and-videos-and-using-cctv-in-schools

  • Images as personal dataDFE-DPS-PHOTO

    Identifiable images are personal data and must be handled under data protection law.

    School pupils, ages 4 to 18 [PreK-12]School

National curriculum in England: music programmes of study, key stages 1 to 3

Department for Education (DfE) · 6 standards

Short statutory subject content for KS1 (sing songs, chants and rhymes; play instruments; listen; experiment with sounds) and KS2 (perform, improvise and compose, aural memory, notation, history of music). Page updated 26 March 2021. Under review: the Curriculum and Assessment Review (Nov 2025) led to a planned revised national curriculum in 2027 for first teaching in 2028. Edition 2013. Type: Statutory national curriculum for maintained schools in England (academies need not follow it). Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-music-programmes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-music-programmes-of-study

  • Key stage 1: listening with concentrationNCENG-MU-KS1-LISTEN

    Pupils listen to a range of high-quality live and recorded music.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-Grade 1]School
  • Key stage 1: experiment with and combine soundsNCENG-MU-KS1-SOUNDS

    Pupils explore and organise sounds using pitch, duration, dynamics, tempo, timbre, texture and structure.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-Grade 1]School
  • Key stage 1: singing songs and speaking chants and rhymesNCENG-MU-KS1-VOICE

    Pupils use their voices expressively and creatively through songs, chants and rhymes.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-Grade 1]School
  • Key stage 2: improvise and composeNCENG-MU-KS2-COMPOSE

    Pupils improvise and compose for a range of purposes.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School
  • Key stage 2: staff and other musical notationsNCENG-MU-KS2-NOTATION

    Pupils use and understand staff notation and other notations such as graphic scores.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School
  • Key stage 2: performing with voices and instrumentsNCENG-MU-KS2-PERFORM

    Pupils perform alone and in groups with increasing accuracy, fluency, control and expression.

    Key stage 2, Years 3 to 6, age 7 to 11 [Grades 2-5]School

Model Music Curriculum: key stages 1 and 2 (Teaching music in schools)

Department for Education (DfE) · 6 standards

Year-by-year guidance for Years 1 to 6 under Singing, Listening, Composing and Performing, with Musicianship (pulse, rhythm, pitch) and suggested repertoire. Published 26 March 2021 to support the statutory programme of study. Edition 2021. Type: Non-statutory guidance. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/teaching-music-in-schools

  • Key Stage 1 overview: songs, chants and call-and-responseENG-MMC-KS1-CALLRESP

    Singing is at the heart of KS1; skills are built through call-and-response songs and chants, improvisation, movement and active listening.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-Grade 1]School
  • Year 1 Composing: graphic notation and invented symbolsENG-MMC-Y1-GRAPHIC

    Recognise how graphic notation can represent created sounds; explore and invent own symbols.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 Singing: simple songs, chants and rhymes from memoryENG-MMC-Y1-SING

    Sing simple songs, chants and rhymes from memory, together and at the same pitch, responding to simple visual directions.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 Pitch: follow pictures and symbolsENG-MMC-Y1-SYMBOLS

    Follow pictures and symbols to guide singing and playing.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 Rhythm: word-pattern chantsENG-MMC-Y1-WORDCHANT

    Perform word-pattern chants and create, retain and perform own rhythm patterns.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 2 Composing: graphic, dot and stick notationENG-MMC-Y2-NOTATION

    Use graphic symbols, dot notation and stick notation to keep a record of composed pieces.

    Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School

National curriculum in England: science programmes of study, key stages 1 and 2

Department for Education (DfE) · 7 standards

Working scientifically plus year-by-year content (plants, animals, everyday materials, seasonal changes in Year 1, light in Year 3, states of matter in Year 4, Earth and space in Year 5, evolution and inheritance in Year 6). Notes and guidance are non-statutory. Page updated 6 May 2015. Revised national curriculum planned for first teaching in 2028. Edition 2013. Type: Statutory national curriculum for maintained schools in England (academies need not follow it). Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-curriculum-in-england-science-programmes-of-study/national-curriculum-in-england-science-programmes-of-study

  • Key stage 1 Working scientifically: asking simple questionsNCENG-SC-KS1-WS-QUESTIONS

    Ask simple questions, observe closely, perform simple tests, identify and classify, and use observations to suggest answers.

    Key stage 1, Years 1 to 2, age 5 to 7 [K-Grade 1]School
  • Lower key stage 2 Working scientificallyNCENG-SC-LKS2-WS

    Ask relevant questions, set up simple enquiries, make systematic observations, record and report findings.

    Years 3 to 4, age 7 to 9 [Grades 2-3]School
  • Year 1 Seasonal changes: weather and day lengthNCENG-SC-Y1-SEASONS

    Observe changes across the four seasons; observe and describe weather and how day length varies.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 3 Light: shadowsNCENG-SC-Y3-SHADOWS

    Recognise that shadows form when light is blocked by an opaque object; find patterns in how shadow size changes.

    Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Year 4 States of matter: evaporation (puddle example)NCENG-SC-Y4-EVAPORATION

    Identify evaporation and condensation in the water cycle and link evaporation rate to temperature; notes suggest recording a playground puddle over time.

    Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Year 5 Earth and space: movement of the moonNCENG-SC-Y5-MOON

    Describe the movement of the moon relative to the Earth, and describe the sun, Earth and moon as approximately spherical bodies.

    Year 5, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Year 6 Evolution and inheritance: adaptationNCENG-SC-Y6-ADAPTATION

    Identify how animals and plants are adapted to suit their environment.

    Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School

BookTrust Bookstart (Baby, Toddler and Pre-schooler, Storytime)

BookTrust · 2 standards

Universal book gifting and library Bookstart Storytime for under 5s; specialist packs for additional needs and EAL families. Edition Current programme. Type: National book-gifting programme (charity-run, government-supported in parts). Source: https://www.booktrust.org.uk/what-we-do/programmes-and-campaigns/bookstart/

  • Specialist resources for additional needs and EALBOOKSTART-INCLUSION

    Specialist packs for children with additional needs and families with English as an additional language.

    Under 5 [Birth to PreK]Both
  • Bookstart Storytime in librariesBOOKSTART-STORYTIME

    A free library storytime experience for families with under 5s.

    Under 5 [Birth to PreK]Library

Global Report on Early Childhood Care and Education: The right to a strong foundation

UNESCO and UNICEF · 1 standards

Used for play-based social and emotional learning, caregivers as first teachers, and the screen time position. Stands in for UNESCO GEM early childhood guidance, which was not separately opened. Edition 2024 (June; first of a biennial series following the 2022 Tashkent Declaration). Type: Global report and policy guidance; not binding. Source: https://www.unicef.org/reports/global-report-early-childhood-care-and-education-right-strong-foundation

  • Social and emotional skills developed through play-based learningUNESCO-ECCE-SEL

    Social and emotional skills are as foundational as cognitive skills and can be developed in early childhood through play-based learning.

    Birth to 8 [Infant-Grade 3]Early childhood

WHO guidelines on physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years of age

World Health Organization · 4 standards

24-hour recommendations by age band (under 1, 1 to 2, 3 to 4): active play, restraint limits, sedentary screen time limits, reading and storytelling with a caregiver when sedentary, and sleep. Edition 2019. Type: Public health guideline; not binding. Source: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550536

  • Ages 1 to 2: at least 180 minutes of activity; no sedentary screen time at age 1, at most 1 hour at age 2WHO-U5-1TO2

    Spend at least 180 minutes in varied physical activity across the day; for 1-year-olds sedentary screen time is not recommended; at 2, no more than 1 hour.

    Ages 1 to 2 [Toddler]Early childhood
  • Ages 3 to 4: at least 180 minutes of activity including 60 minutes moderate to vigorous; screen time at most 1 hourWHO-U5-3TO4

    Spend at least 180 minutes in varied activity, of which at least 60 minutes moderate to vigorous; sedentary screen time no more than 1 hour, less is better.

    Ages 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Infants under 1: interactive floor-based play, no screen time, reading and storytelling when sedentaryWHO-U5-INFANT

    Be physically active several times a day, particularly through interactive floor-based play; for those not yet mobile, at least 30 minutes of tummy time; screen time not recommended.

    Under 1 year [Infant]Early childhood
  • When sedentary: reading and storytelling with a caregiverWHO-U5-STORY

    Quality sedentary time in interactive non-screen activities with a caregiver, such as reading, storytelling, singing and puzzles, is very important for development.

    Birth to 4 [Infant-PreK]Home

WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour

World Health Organization · 3 standards

Ages 5 to 17: average 60 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous activity, limit sedentary time and recreational screen time, enjoyable and varied activity. Edition 2020 (next edition anticipated 2030). Type: Public health guideline; not binding. Source: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128

  • Ages 5 to 17: average 60 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous activityWHO-PA2020-60MIN

    At least an average of 60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous, mostly aerobic, physical activity across the week.

    Ages 5 to 17 [K-Grade 12]Both
  • Good practice: enjoyable, varied, age-appropriate activity for allWHO-PA2020-ENJOY

    Provide all children safe and equitable opportunities and encouragement to take part in enjoyable, varied, age-appropriate activity.

    Ages 5 to 17 [K-Grade 12]Both
  • Ages 5 to 17: limit sedentary time, especially recreational screen timeWHO-PA2020-SCREEN

    Children and adolescents should limit time spent sedentary, particularly recreational screen time.

    Ages 5 to 17 [K-Grade 12]Home

Learning through play: Strengthening learning through play in early childhood education programmes

UNICEF Education Section (with LEGO Foundation support) · 3 standards

Five characteristics of playful learning, the continuum from free play to guided play, and family partnership. Edition 2018 (October). Type: Advocacy brief; guidance only. Source: https://www.unicef.org/sites/default/files/2018-12/UNICEF-Lego-Foundation-Learning-through-Play.pdf

  • Five characteristics of playful learningUNICEF-LTP-CHAR

    Play is meaningful, joyful, iterative, actively engaging and socially interactive, with children as agents of their own playful learning.

    Early childhood, about 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Continuum from free play to guided play, with adults scaffoldingUNICEF-LTP-CONTINUUM

    Adults recognise, initiate, guide and scaffold playful experiences across a continuum from free play to guided or structured play, in support of children's agency.

    Early childhood [PreK-K]Both
  • Partnerships with families for continuity across home, school and communityUNICEF-LTP-FAMILY

    Partnerships with families ensure continuity and connectivity of learning across home, school and community.

    Early childhood [PreK-K]Home

What we mean by: Learning through play (v1.2)

The LEGO Foundation · 2 standards

Five characteristics of playful experiences (joyful, meaningful, actively engaging, iterative, socially interactive) and five skill areas (physical, social, cognitive, creative, emotional). Edition 2017 (June). Type: Position paper from a foundation owned alongside a toy company; guidance only, cite with that disclosure. Source: https://cms.learningthroughplay.com/media/vd5fiurk/what-we-mean-by-learning-through-play.pdf

  • Learning through play happens when activity is joyful, meaningful, actively engaging, iterative and socially interactiveLEGO-LTP-CHAR

    Five characteristics drawn from expert conversation and literature; not all are needed all the time.

    Birth to adolescence [all ages]Both
  • Five skill areas for holistic development: physical, social, cognitive, creative, emotionalLEGO-LTP-SKILLS

    Playful experiences support physical, social, cognitive, creative and emotional skills that complement each other.

    Birth to adolescence [all ages]Both

Toys (Safety) Regulations 2011: Great Britain statutory guidance

Office for Product Safety and Standards (DBT) · 2 standards

Essential safety requirements, warnings, conformity marking (CE recognised indefinitely in GB alongside UKCA; CE mandatory for NI and EU). Applies to the Doodles and crayons as products, not to settings. Edition Guidance updated 24 March 2025. Type: Statutory product safety law for toys placed on the GB market. Source: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/toys-safety-regulations-2011/toys-safety-regulations-2011-great-britain

  • General safety requirement and age groupsUKTOYS-GB-SAFETY

    Toys and their chemicals must not jeopardise safety in intended or foreseeable use; special care for under 36 months.

    Birth to 14 [Infant to Grade 8]Both
  • Conformity marking: UKCA and CE; Northern IrelandUKTOYS-MARKING

    CE marking recognised indefinitely in GB alongside UKCA; CE remains mandatory for NI and the EU.

    Birth to 14 [Infant to Grade 8]Both

IB Primary Years Programme (PYP)

International Baccalaureate Organization · 23 standards

Inquiry-based transdisciplinary framework for ages 3 to 12 built on three pillars (learner, learning and teaching, learning community) with agency at the centre. Elements used: ten learner profile attributes, five approaches to learning (ATL) skill categories, six transdisciplinary themes, and the PYP early years (ages 3 to 6) play statement. ibo.org blocks scripted downloads; pages were opened through a reader tool. Edition Programme brochure 2021; What is an IB education 2019. Type: Programme framework for authorised IB World Schools; not a government requirement. Source: https://ibo.org/programmes/primary-years-programme/

  • Agency (central principle of the PYP framework)IBPYP-AGENCY

    Agency underpins the learner, learning and teaching, and learning community pillars; children develop agency and construct their own learning.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]Both
  • Approaches to learning: Communication skillsIBPYP-ATL-COMM

    One of five interrelated ATL skill categories that support agentic, self-regulated learners.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Approaches to learning: Research skillsIBPYP-ATL-RESEARCH

    One of five interrelated ATL skill categories that support agentic, self-regulated learners.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Approaches to learning: Self-management skillsIBPYP-ATL-SELFMGMT

    One of five interrelated ATL skill categories that support agentic, self-regulated learners.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Approaches to learning: Social skillsIBPYP-ATL-SOCIAL

    One of five interrelated ATL skill categories that support agentic, self-regulated learners.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Approaches to learning: Thinking skillsIBPYP-ATL-THINK

    One of five interrelated ATL skill categories that support agentic, self-regulated learners.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • PYP early years: play as the driver of inquiryIBPYP-EY-PLAY

    In the PYP early years (ages 3 to 6) play is the primary driver for inquiry and children learn through play and relationships.

    PYP early years, ages 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • IB learner profile: BalancedIBPYP-LP-BALANCED

    Understand the importance of balancing intellectual, physical and emotional aspects of life.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: CaringIBPYP-LP-CARING

    Show empathy, compassion and respect.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: CommunicatorsIBPYP-LP-COMMUNICATORS

    Express ourselves confidently and creatively in more than one language and in many ways.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: InquirersIBPYP-LP-INQUIRERS

    Nurture curiosity and develop skills for inquiry and research.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: KnowledgeableIBPYP-LP-KNOWLEDGEABLE

    Develop and use conceptual understanding across a range of disciplines.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: Open-mindedIBPYP-LP-OPENMINDED

    Appreciate our own cultures and personal histories and the values and traditions of others.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: PrincipledIBPYP-LP-PRINCIPLED

    Act with integrity and honesty, fairness and justice, and respect.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: ReflectiveIBPYP-LP-REFLECTIVE

    Thoughtfully consider the world and our own ideas and experience.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: Risk-takersIBPYP-LP-RISKTAKERS

    Approach uncertainty with forethought and determination.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • IB learner profile: ThinkersIBPYP-LP-THINKERS

    Use critical and creative thinking to analyse and take responsible action on complex problems.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: How we express ourselvesIBPYP-TT-EXPRESS

    Inquiry into how we discover and express ideas, feelings, nature, culture, beliefs and values, and enjoy creativity.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: How we organize ourselvesIBPYP-TT-ORGANIZE

    Inquiry into human-made systems and communities, organisations and societal decision-making.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: Where we are in place and timeIBPYP-TT-PLACETIME

    Inquiry into orientation in place and time, personal histories, homes and journeys.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: Sharing the planetIBPYP-TT-PLANET

    Inquiry into rights and responsibilities in sharing finite resources; communities; peace and conflict resolution.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: Who we areIBPYP-TT-WHOWEARE

    Inquiry into the self, beliefs and values, health, and human relationships including families, friends, communities and cultures.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School
  • Transdisciplinary theme: How the world worksIBPYP-TT-WORLDWORKS

    Inquiry into the natural world and its laws and how humans use scientific understanding.

    PYP, ages 3 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School

IFLA Guidelines for Library Services to Children aged 0-18 (2nd ed., revision of 2003 Guidelines)

IFLA Libraries for Children and Young Adults Section (ed. Carolynn Rankin) · 9 standards

Version 1.1.1, June 2018. Aspirational guidance for public library children's services worldwide: mission, staff competencies, collections, programmes, space, marketing, evaluation. CC BY 4.0. No revision announced as of this check. Edition 2018. Type: Professional guideline (IFLA standard; endorsed by IFLA Professional Committee Aug 2018). Source: https://repository.ifla.org/items/e7d981ea-3684-4ae3-9b7e-1e4294d2b957/full

  • Part A Governance: legislation awarenessIFLA-CHILD-A-SAFEGUARD

    Managers know the law on data protection, health and safety, child protection and safeguarding.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part D: co-creation with childrenIFLA-CHILD-D-COCREATE

    Involve children in co-creating library activities.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part D: inclusive programmesIFLA-CHILD-D-INCLUSIVE

    Design every programme to be inclusive because disability is not always visible.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part D: reader developmentIFLA-CHILD-D-READERDEV

    Librarians actively build children's confidence and enjoyment of reading and give chances to share reading experiences.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part E: signage with pictogramsIFLA-CHILD-E-SIGNAGE

    Signs give children visual and text pointers such as pictograms; Makaton signage is suggested.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part E: welcoming space to meet, play and communicateIFLA-CHILD-E-SPACE

    The children's library is a safe, welcoming space for meeting, play and communication.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part G: evaluation with mixed measuresIFLA-CHILD-G-EVAL

    Evaluate children's programmes against goals using both qualitative and quantitative evidence.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part A Goals: activities for children and caregiversIFLA-CHILD-GOAL-FAMILY

    Provide activities for children together with parents and caregivers.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library
  • Part A Goals: reading-oriented programmesIFLA-CHILD-GOAL-READ

    Provide cultural and recreational programmes oriented towards reading and literacy.

    Birth to 18 [Birth to grade 12]Library

IFLA Guidelines for Library Services to Babies and Toddlers (IFLA Professional Reports 100)

IFLA Division of Libraries Serving the General Public; Libraries for Children and Young Adults Section · 6 standards

Birth to 3 (babies birth to 12 months, toddlers 12 months to 3). Goals, services, materials, environment, toy safety and cleanliness, self-assessment checklist. Oldest IFLA children's text still current; read alongside IFLA-CHILD 2018. Edition 2007. Type: Professional guideline. Source: https://repository.ifla.org/items/29845109-4184-4b79-bfe9-e9f62af2d692/full

  • Bilingual familiesIFLA-BABY-BILINGUAL

    Bilingual families need materials in their first language.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library
  • Goal: involve and train carers in reading aloudIFLA-BABY-GOAL-CARERS

    Involve and train parents and carers in reading aloud and using books with babies and toddlers.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library
  • Goal: habit of library visitsIFLA-BABY-GOAL-HABIT

    Establish the habit of successful library visits early.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library
  • Goal: print-rich environmentIFLA-BABY-GOAL-PRINT

    Create a print-rich environment that encourages love of reading and books for under 3s.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library
  • Services: exploratory, sensory and literacy needsIFLA-BABY-SERVICES

    Libraries meet the exploratory, sensory and literacy needs of babies and toddlers; rhymes, songs, picture books.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library
  • Materials: toy safety and cleanlinessIFLA-BABY-TOYS

    Toys lent or used in the library need particular attention to safety and cleanliness and must meet national toy safety standards.

    Birth to 3 [Infant-toddler]Library

IFLA School Library Guidelines, 2nd revised edition

IFLA School Libraries Section Standing Committee (eds. Schultz-Jones and Oberg, with IASL) · 4 standards

School library programmes K-12: staffing, facilities, collections, reading promotion (section 5.3), media and information literacy, inquiry, evaluation. DOI 10.82487/ifla.58. Edition 2015. Type: Professional guideline (IFLA standard). Source: https://repository.ifla.org/items/e61cb0b6-8d19-45e8-9be1-24b45309464e/full

  • 3.5.4 Community engagement: familiesIFLA-SLG-3-5-4-FAMILIES

    School libraries recognise the importance of families and intergenerational knowledge.

    School age [K-12]School
  • 5.3 Literacy and reading promotion: self-selectionIFLA-SLG-5-3-CHOICE

    Support readers' own choices; self-selected reading is linked to better outcomes.

    School age [K-12]School
  • 5.3: liberal borrowing, avoid finesIFLA-SLG-5-3-FINES

    Use the most liberal borrowing policies possible and avoid fines and penalties for late or lost items.

    School age [K-12]School
  • 5.3: sharing what children read; home readingIFLA-SLG-5-3-SHARE

    Give opportunities to read self-selected materials and to discuss and share reading; parents join through home reading programs.

    School age [K-12]School

IFLA-UNESCO School Library Manifesto 2025

IFLA School Libraries Section and IASL; approved by UNESCO IFAP Intergovernmental Council · 4 standards

Released 2021, approved by IFLA Governing Board 2023, approved by UNESCO IFAP April 2025; replaces the 1999 IFLA/UNESCO manifesto. Early childhood to secondary. Edition 2025. Type: International manifesto (advocacy policy instrument). Source: https://repository.ifla.org/items/e1234cf2-57e5-4cae-a0d1-da730c536bb3/full

  • Involve the whole school communityIFLA-SLM-COMMUNITY

    Promote and involve the whole school community and beyond in the school library.

    Early childhood to secondary [PreK-12]School
  • Access free of commercial pressuresIFLA-SLM-NONCOMMERCIAL

    School library services should not be subject to commercial pressures or censorship.

    Early childhood to secondary [PreK-12]School
  • Mission: safe environment, personal information protectedIFLA-SLM-PRIVACY

    Ensure a safe learning environment where learners' personal information is protected.

    Early childhood to secondary [PreK-12]School
  • Mission: reading aloud, shared and free voluntary readingIFLA-SLM-READ

    Stimulate reading literacy and enjoyment, including reading aloud at all ages, shared reading and free voluntary reading.

    Early childhood to secondary [PreK-12]School

IFLA-UNESCO Public Library Manifesto 2022

IFLA and UNESCO · 3 standards

Dated 18 July 2022. Key missions include reading habits in children from birth, literacy, creativity, inclusion; services free and free of commercial pressure. Edition 2022. Type: International manifesto (advocacy policy instrument). Source: https://repository.ifla.org/items/0cd26664-4908-464c-8ade-f355c555730e/full

  • Key mission: creativity, curiosity, empathyIFLA-PLM-CREATIVITY

    Provide opportunities for creative development and stimulate imagination, creativity, curiosity and empathy.

    All ages, from birth [All ages]Library
  • Key mission: reading habits from birthIFLA-PLM-HABITS

    Create and strengthen reading habits in children from birth to adulthood.

    All ages, from birth [All ages]Library
  • Collections and services free of commercial pressuresIFLA-PLM-NONCOMMERCIAL

    Services should be free of censorship and commercial pressures; access in principle free of charge.

    All ages, from birth [All ages]Library

Aistear: the Early Childhood Curriculum Framework (updated)

National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) · 8 standards

Nine principles and four themes (Wellbeing; Identity and Belonging; Communicating; Exploring and Thinking), each with four aims and three learning goals per aim. Replaces the 2009 edition; the Aistear Siolta Practice Guide is being updated. Edition 2024. Type: National curriculum framework for early learning and care settings; birth to six outside primary schools. Source: https://curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/1e9e4eff-5d44-4950-bfa6-a28f43895d3f/Aistear-FW-ENG.pdf

  • Communicating, Aim 2: use language(s)AISTEAR-COM-A2

    Talk with confidence; turn-taking in conversation and storytelling; Gaeilge, English, ISL and home languages.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Communicating, Aim 3: emergent literacy and numeracyAISTEAR-COM-A3

    Symbols, print-rich environment, books, and opportunities for mark-making.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Communicating, Aim 4: express themselves creatively and imaginativelyAISTEAR-COM-A4

    Creative expression including mark-making, drawing and transient art, process over product.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Exploring and Thinking, Aim 1: make sense of the worldAISTEAR-ET-A1

    Integrated arts and STEM experiences; matching, comparing, sorting, counting; local environment.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Identity and Belonging, Aim 2: sense of group identityAISTEAR-IB-A2

    Place in the group; sharing family experiences; part of the local community.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Principle: Family and CommunityAISTEAR-PRIN-FAMILY

    Funds of knowledge from home, family and community inform learning and belonging.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Wellbeing, Aim 1: strong psychologically and sociallyAISTEAR-WB-A1

    Secure attachments, confidence with transitions, communicating feelings, co-regulation.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Wellbeing, Aim 3: creative, spiritual and compassionateAISTEAR-WB-A3

    Kind and curious; creative expression through the arts; wonder and awe.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood

Siolta: the National Quality Framework for Early Childhood Education

Department of Education (Ireland); now hosted by the Early Years quality development team · 4 standards

12 principles, 16 standards, 75 components of quality; birth to six. Edition 2006 (user manual 2017). Type: National quality framework; voluntary for most settings. Source: https://www.siolta.ie/pdfs/siolta-manual-2017.pdf

  • Standard 2: EnvironmentsSIOLTA-S2

    Siolta standard statement (full and part-time daycare user manual).

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 3: Parents and FamiliesSIOLTA-S3

    Siolta standard statement (full and part-time daycare user manual).

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 6: PlaySIOLTA-S6

    Siolta standard statement (full and part-time daycare user manual).

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 9: Health and WelfareSIOLTA-S9

    Siolta standard statement (full and part-time daycare user manual).

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood

Child Care Act 1991 (Early Years Services) Regulations 2016 (S.I. No. 221 of 2016)

Minister for Children (Ireland); regulated by Tusla · 3 standards

Regulation 19 care, learning and development; 21 equipment and materials; 23 safeguarding health, safety and welfare. Edition 2016. Type: Statutory regulations for registered pre-school services. Source: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2016/si/221/made/en/print

  • Regulation 19: Health, welfare and development of childIEEYS-R19

    Regulatory duty on registered providers.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Regulation 21: Equipment and materialsIEEYS-R21

    Regulatory duty on registered providers.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Regulation 23: Safeguarding health, safety and welfare of childIEEYS-R23

    Regulatory duty on registered providers.

    Birth to 6 [Infant to K]Early childhood

Primary Language Curriculum / Curaclam Teanga na Bunscoile

NCCA for the Department of Education and Youth · 8 standards

Three strands (oral language, reading, writing), three elements (communicating; understanding the content and structure of language; exploring and using) and numbered Learning Outcomes at Stages 1 to 4. Updated in 2025 to add Modern Foreign Languages outcomes at Stages 3 and 4. Edition 2019. Type: National curriculum for primary and special schools (junior infants to sixth class); in place since 2019. Source: https://www.curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/2a6e5f79-6f29-4d68-b850-379510805656/PLC-Document_English.pdf

  • Oral language Learning Outcome 1: engagement, listening and attentionIE-PLC-OL-LO1

    Show interest, demonstrate joint attention and actively listen for enjoyment and purpose.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Oral language Learning Outcome 7: requests, questions and interactionsIE-PLC-OL-LO7

    Ask and answer open and closed questions to seek help, get information and extend thinking.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Oral language Learning Outcome 9: retelling and elaborationIE-PLC-OL-LO9

    Tell and retell imaginative stories and narratives to familiar and unfamiliar audiences.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Reading Learning Outcome 1: engagementIE-PLC-RD-LO1

    Enjoy listening to reading and talking about words and illustrations with others, seeing themselves as readers.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Reading Learning Outcome 2: motivation and choiceIE-PLC-RD-LO2

    Choose, read and communicate about texts for pleasure and interest.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Reading Learning Outcome 8: response and author's intentIE-PLC-RD-LO8

    Discuss and share thoughts and opinions on texts; consider author's intent.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Writing Learning Outcome 1: engagement through mark-making and drawingIE-PLC-WR-LO1

    Take part in and have fun mark-making, drawing and writing to communicate with others.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Writing Learning Outcome 2: motivation and choiceIE-PLC-WR-LO2

    Choose tools, content and topics for own writing and select texts to share.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both

Primary Curriculum Framework for Primary and Special Schools

NCCA for the Department of Education · 2 standards

Vision, principles of learning, teaching and assessment, seven key competencies, five curriculum areas and suggested time allocations. Published March 2023. Edition 2023. Type: National framework underpinning the redeveloped primary curriculum. Source: https://www.curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/84747851-0581-431b-b4d7-dc6ee850883e/2023-Primary-Framework-ENG-screen.pdf

  • Principle: engagement and participationIE-PCF-AGENCY

    Children are active and show agency in choices about and in their learning.

    Junior infants to sixth class, age 4 to 12 [PreK-6]Both
  • Key competency: Being creativeIE-PCF-CREATIVE

    Children need many opportunities for creative behaviour, exploring and expressing ideas and feelings.

    Junior infants to sixth class, age 4 to 12 [PreK-6]Both

Arts Education Specification for Primary and Special Schools

NCCA for the Department of Education and Youth · 10 standards

Art, Drama and Music in three strands (exploring and creating; performing and presenting; responding and connecting) with Learning Outcomes at Stages 1 to 4. Replaces the 1999 Visual Arts, Drama and Music curricula as schools enact it. Edition 2025. Type: Approved national curriculum specification; phased enactment from 2025/26 under Circular 0067/2025. Source: https://oide.ie/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Arts-Education-Specification-2025.pdf

  • Art, Exploring and creating, Stage 1IE-ARTS-EC-ART-S1

    Explore and improvise ways to express ideas and themes in 2D and 3D art using various materials, tools and techniques.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Art, Exploring and creating, Stage 1: visual conceptsIE-ARTS-EC-ART-S1-ELEM

    Create 2D and 3D art exploring space, line, shape, colour, tone, form, texture, pattern and rhythm.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Art, Exploring and creating, Stage 3: design principlesIE-ARTS-EC-ART-S34

    Plan, design and create art using design principles including contrast, scale and symmetry.

    Stages 3 and 4, third to sixth class, age 8 to 12 [Grades 3-6]Both
  • Drama, Exploring and creating, Stage 1IE-ARTS-EC-DRAMA-S1

    Improvise and enact fictional scenarios in response to stimuli and Teacher-in-role.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Music, Exploring and creating, Stage 1: symbols, pictures and graphic scoresIE-ARTS-EC-MUS-S1

    Create symbols, pictures and graphic scores to represent music-making.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Music, Exploring and creating, Stage 2: graphic scores and stick notationIE-ARTS-EC-MUS-S2

    Create symbols, pictures and graphic scores and use stick notation to represent music-making.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Music, Exploring and creating, Stage 3: graphic scores and notationIE-ARTS-EC-MUS-S3

    Create graphic scores and use symbols, stick notation and/or staff notation.

    Stage 3, third and fourth class, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3-4]School
  • Art, Performing and presenting, Stages 1 and 2IE-ARTS-PP-ART-S12

    Share and discuss their artwork referring to themes, ideas, figures and objects.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Music, Performing and presenting, Stage 1IE-ARTS-PP-MUS-S1

    Sing, play and chant a variety of songs, rhythms, melodies and pieces, with and without movement.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Art, Responding and connecting, Stage 1IE-ARTS-RC-ART-S1

    Notice space, line, shape, colour, form, texture, pattern and rhythm in artwork and the world.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both

Wellbeing Specification for Primary and Special Schools (PE and SPHE)

NCCA for the Department of Education and Youth · 4 standards

Integrates Physical Education and Social, Personal and Health Education. Strands: movement competence; emotional and relational education; health education; community and belonging. Edition 2025. Type: Approved national curriculum specification; Wellbeing must be one of the first three areas a school enacts under Circular 0067/2025. Source: https://www.curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/02a962e9-82d2-4ed2-8ac8-259d7ac70f9f/Primary-Wellbeing-Spec-ENG-INT.pdf

  • Community and belonging, Sense of belonging, Stages 1 and 2IE-WB-CB-BELONG-S12

    Experience belonging in class, school and community, appreciating diversity and cultural activities.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both
  • Community and belonging, Family, Stage 1IE-WB-CB-FAMILY-S1

    Acknowledge their role in their family and express how family members show care.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Home
  • Emotional and relational education, Emotional awareness and expression, Stage 1IE-WB-ERE-EMOTION-S1

    Recognise and name common emotions and begin to show empathy; practise self and co-regulation.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Emotional and relational education, Relationships, Stages 1 and 2IE-WB-ERE-REL-S12

    Recognise the importance of relationships with self, family, friends, peers and teammates.

    Stages 1 and 2, junior infants to second class, age 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Both

The Library is the Place: Information, Recreation, Inspiration (National Public Library Strategy 2023-2027)

Department of Rural and Community Development, LGMA, CCMA and local authorities (Ireland) · 1 standards

Launched July 2023; includes expansion of the Right to Read programme. Edition 2023. Type: National government strategy (policy, not statute). Source: https://www.gov.ie/en/department-of-rural-and-community-development-and-the-gaeltacht/news/the-library-is-the-place-new-five-year-strategy-for-public-libraries-unveiled/

  • Strategy action: expand Right to ReadIE-LIBPLACE-R2R

    The 2023-2027 strategy commits to expanding Right to Read.

    All ages [All ages]Library

Right to Read (Spring Into Storytime, Summer Stars, Children's Book Festival, Family Time at Your Library)

Libraries Ireland (LGMA Libraries Development) for Irish public libraries · 2 standards

Summer Stars is free, non-competitive; one book counts as completion; reading cards marked per book. Edition Ongoing since 2013 to 2017 strategy. Type: National library literacy programme (voluntary). Source: https://www.librariesireland.ie/services/right-to-read

  • Right to ReadIE-R2R-PROGRAMME

    National programme to promote literacy and reading development, with four children's strands.

    All ages [All ages]Library
  • Summer Stars: non-competitive, one book completesIE-R2R-SUMMERSTARS

    Free national summer reading programme; non-competitive; one book counts as completion; reading cards marked per book.

    Children [PreK-6]Library

Primary Mathematics Curriculum for Primary and Special Schools

Department of Education (Ireland) with NCCA · 16 standards

Junior infants to sixth class in four stages; five strands (Algebra, Data and Chance, Measures, Number, Shape and Space) with strand units and Learning Outcomes under the stem "Through appropriately playful and engaging learning experiences, children should be able to". Outcomes have no official codes. Parade fit: patterns and growing patterns, data, measuring, counting, estimation, fractions with area, length and set models, co-ordinates, transformations. Edition 2023 (implementation in all classes from September 2024). Type: National curriculum specification for primary and special schools. Source: https://www.curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/484d888b-21d4-424d-9a5c-3d849b0159a1/PrimaryMathematicsCurriculum_EN.pdf

  • Algebra, Patterns, rules and relationships, Stage 1IE-PMC-ALG-PRR-S1

    Explore, extend and create patterns and sequences.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Algebra, Patterns, rules and relationships, Stage 2IE-PMC-ALG-PRR-S2

    Identify and express relationships in patterns, including growing or shrinking patterns.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Algebra, Patterns, rules and relationships, Stage 3IE-PMC-ALG-PRR-S3

    Identify rules describing a pattern's structure and use them to predict.

    Stage 3, third and fourth class, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3 to 4]School
  • Data and Chance, Data, Stage 1IE-PMC-DATA-S1

    Explore, interpret and explain data in a variety of ways.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Data and Chance, Data, Stage 2IE-PMC-DATA-S2

    Pose questions, record and use data as evidence, and communicate findings.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Measures, Measuring, Stage 1IE-PMC-MEAS-S1

    Awareness that length, weight, capacity and area can be measured and compared.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Measures, Measuring, Stage 2IE-PMC-MEAS-S2

    Compare, approximate and measure length, weight, capacity and area.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Number, Numeration and counting, Stage 1IE-PMC-NUM-COUNT-S1

    Awareness that counting quantifies; use a range of counting strategies.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Number, Place value and base ten, Stage 2: estimationIE-PMC-NUM-EST-S2

    Use estimation to quickly determine number values and calculations.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Number, Fractions, Stage 1IE-PMC-NUM-FRAC-S1

    Awareness of part-whole relationships with area, length and set models.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Number, Fractions, Stage 2IE-PMC-NUM-FRAC-S2

    Recognise and name fractions by part-whole relationships; explore equivalence.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Number, Fractions, Stage 3IE-PMC-NUM-FRAC-S3

    Compare, express in equivalent terms and order fractions.

    Stage 3, third and fourth class, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3 to 4]School
  • Shape and Space, Shape, Stage 1IE-PMC-SHAPE-S1

    Explore and recognise properties of 2-D and 3-D shapes.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Shape and Space, Spatial awareness and location, Stage 2IE-PMC-SPACE-S2

    Use spatial knowledge for navigation; model location with co-ordinates.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Shape and Space, Spatial awareness and location, Stage 4IE-PMC-SPACE-S4

    Describe location on the full co-ordinate plane.

    Stage 4, fifth and sixth class, age 10 to 12 [Grades 5 to 6]School
  • Shape and Space, Transformation, Stage 2IE-PMC-TRANS-S2

    Shapes can be reflected, rotated and translated.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School

Primary Curriculum for Primary and Special Schools: STEM Education (Science, Technology and Engineering Education specification with the Primary Mathematics Curriculum)

NCCA for the Department of Education and Youth · 3 standards

STE strands: Nature of STEM, Living things, Materials, Energy and forces, Technology, Engineering, with Learning Outcomes at Stages 1 to 4 (infants to sixth class). Replaces the 1999 Primary Science curriculum as schools enact it. The online PDF is titled Primary STEM 2026. Edition 2025. Type: Approved national curriculum specification; phased enactment from 2025/26 under Circular 0067/2025, all areas in place by 2031/32. Source: https://curriculumonline.ie/getmedia/b6c8d345-5f40-4c84-8ec3-4f9dc1104571/Primary-STEM-2026-ENG.pdf

  • Science, Materials, Stage 1: explore common materials and their propertiesIE-STEM-MAT-S1

    Explore common materials indoors and outdoors, identify main properties and uses.

    Stage 1, junior and senior infants, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Nature of STEM, Stage 2: STEM eyesIE-STEM-NOS-S2

    Develop STEM eyes by exploring the immediate environment and everyday objects through a STEM perspective.

    Stage 2, first and second class, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Science strands: exploration and inquiry that spark curiosityIE-STEM-SCI-INQUIRY

    Science Learning Outcomes are best supported through exploration and inquiry that spark curiosity and connect with the living, material and physical worlds.

    Stages 1 to 4, junior infants to sixth class, age 4 to 12 [PreK-Grade 6]School

Te Whariki: He whariki matauranga mo nga mokopuna o Aotearoa, Early childhood curriculum (2017), Part A Te Ara Whanui of the Early Learning Curriculum Framework

New Zealand Ministry of Education · 11 standards

Principles, five strands with goals and learning outcomes for birth to school entry. Since 1 May 2024 the goals and learning outcomes, not only principles and strands, are part of the prescribed curriculum framework; licensed services choose Te Ara Whanui (Te Whariki 2017) or Te Ara Maori. Edition 2017 (curriculum); gazetted framework dated 21 April 2023, in force from 1 May 2024; current PDFs reposted September 2026. Type: statutory. Source: https://www.education.govt.nz/education-professionals/early-learning/licensing-and-certification/curriculum-framework

  • Strand 1 Wellbeing | Mana atuaTEWHARIKI-S1

    The health and wellbeing of the child are protected and nurtured; goals cover health, emotional wellbeing and safety from harm.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Wellbeing learning outcome: managing themselves and expressing their feelings and needs (te whakahua whakaaro)TEWHARIKI-S1-LO2

    Children become increasingly capable of managing themselves and expressing feelings and needs.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Strand 2 Belonging | Mana whenuaTEWHARIKI-S2

    Children and their families feel a sense of belonging; links with family and wider world are affirmed and extended.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Belonging learning outcome: taking part in caring for this place (te manaaki i te taiao)TEWHARIKI-S2-LO2

    Children become increasingly capable of taking part in caring for this place.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Contribution learning outcome: treating others fairly and including them in play (te ngakau makuru)TEWHARIKI-S3-LO1

    Children become increasingly capable of treating others fairly and including them in play.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Strand 4 Communication | Mana reoTEWHARIKI-S4

    The languages and symbols of children's own and other cultures are promoted and protected.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Communication learning outcome: enjoying hearing stories and retelling and creating them (he korero paki)TEWHARIKI-S4-LO3

    Children become increasingly capable of enjoying, retelling and creating stories.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Communication learning outcome: recognising print symbols and concepts (he korero tuhituhi)TEWHARIKI-S4-LO4

    Children recognise print symbols and concepts and use them with enjoyment, meaning and purpose.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Communication learning outcome: expressing feelings and ideas using a range of materials and modes (he korero auaha)TEWHARIKI-S4-LO6

    Children become increasingly capable of expressing their feelings and ideas using a range of materials and modes.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Strand 5 Exploration | Mana aotūroaTEWHARIKI-S5

    The child learns through active exploration; play is valued as meaningful learning.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Exploration learning outcome: playing, imagining, inventing and experimentingTEWHARIKI-S5-LO1

    Children become increasingly capable of playing, imagining, inventing and experimenting.

    Birth to school entry, usually age 5 [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood

Nurturing Early Learners (NEL) Framework 2022

Ministry of Education, Singapore · 8 standards

Kindergarten curriculum framework for ages 4 to 6 (K1, K2). Learning areas with learning goals, values and social and emotional competencies, six learning dispositions (PRAISE) and iTeach principles. MOE encourages all educators to use it. Edition 2022. Type: national. Source: https://www.nel.moe.edu.sg/qql/slot/u143/2022/NEL%20Framework%202022_new.pdf

  • Aesthetics and Creative Expression LG2NELSG-ACE-LG2

    Express ideas and feelings through art and music and movement.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Discovery of the World LG1NELSG-DOW-LG1

    Show curiosity and an interest in the world they live in.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Language and Literacy (English) LG1NELSG-EL-LG1

    Listen for enjoyment and information.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Language and Literacy (English) LG3NELSG-EL-LG3

    Read with enjoyment and understanding.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Language and Literacy (English) LG4NELSG-EL-LG4

    Use symbols, letter-like shapes, letters and words with invented and conventional spelling to communicate.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Health, Safety and Motor Skills Development LG1NELSG-HSMS-LG1

    Develop healthy habits and safety awareness at home, in school and at public places.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Health, Safety and Motor Skills Development LG4NELSG-HSMS-LG4

    Demonstrate control and coordination in fine motor activities.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood
  • Learning dispositions (PRAISE)NELSG-PRAISE

    Perseverance, Reflectiveness, Appreciation, Inventiveness, Sense of wonder and curiosity, Engagement.

    K1 to K2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Early childhood

Early Years Development Framework (EYDF) 2023

Early Childhood Development Agency (ECDA), Singapore · 3 standards

Framework for infants and toddlers in centre-based care (birth to 3). Four developmental domains with learning goals: Cognitive; Communication and Language; Physical; Social and Emotional. Edition 2023. Type: national. Source: https://ecda.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/early-childhood-educator/early-years-development-framework-(eydf)-2023.pdf

  • Communication and Language Development: enjoy books and pre-reading experiencesEYDFSG-CLD-3

    Infants and toddlers enjoy books and pre-reading experiences.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 3, centre-based care [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Physical Development: fine motor control and coordinationEYDFSG-PD-4

    Gain increasing control and coordination when performing a variety of fine motor activities.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 3, centre-based care [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development: build relationshipsEYDFSG-SED-4

    Build relationships with family, friends, and significant adults.

    Infants and toddlers, birth to 3, centre-based care [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood

The New Zealand Curriculum (2007): Key Competencies

Ministry of Education, New Zealand · 5 standards

Five key competencies: Thinking; Relating to others; Using languages, symbols, and texts; Managing self; Participating and contributing. Edition 2007. Type: Part of the national curriculum framework; supporting resources under review after the June 2024 curriculum changes. Source: https://newzealandcurriculum.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/new-zealand-curriculum-online/learning-content-resources/key-competencies/5637144630.c

  • Key competency: Using languages, symbols, and textsNZC-KC-LANGUAGES

    Key competency: Using languages, symbols, and texts (one of five NZC key competencies).

    Years 1 to 13, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]School
  • Key competency: Managing selfNZC-KC-MANAGINGSELF

    Key competency: Managing self (one of five NZC key competencies).

    Years 1 to 13, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]School
  • Key competency: Participating and contributingNZC-KC-PARTICIPATING

    Key competency: Participating and contributing (one of five NZC key competencies).

    Years 1 to 13, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]School
  • Key competency: Relating to othersNZC-KC-RELATING

    Key competency: Relating to others (one of five NZC key competencies).

    Years 1 to 13, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]School
  • Key competency: ThinkingNZC-KC-THINKING

    Key competency: Thinking (one of five NZC key competencies).

    Years 1 to 13, age 5 to 18 [K to Grade 12]School

English Language Syllabus 2020 Primary

Ministry of Education Singapore, Curriculum Planning and Development Division · 5 standards

Areas of language learning: Listening and Viewing; Reading and Viewing; Speaking and Representing; Writing and Representing; Grammar; Vocabulary; each with focus areas and numbered learning outcomes (LO). Edition 2020. Type: National syllabus for primary schools (implementation from the 2020 Primary 1 cohort). Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/media/files/primary/b8eb0437-67fb-4042-a26c-64fef2af12df.pdf

  • Listening and Viewing, LO1SG-EL-LV-LO1

    Develop auditory discrimination skills and positive listening and viewing attitudes and behaviour

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Listening and Viewing, LO4 (Listening and Viewing Extensively)SG-EL-LV-LO4

    Listen to, view and respond to a variety of texts

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Reading and Viewing, LO4 (Reading and Viewing Widely and Extensively)SG-EL-RV-LO4

    Respond to a wide and extensive range of texts for enjoyment

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Speaking and Representing, LO4SG-EL-SR-LO4

    Speak and represent confidently, coherently and cohesively for a variety of purposes, audiences, contexts and cultures

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Writing and Representing, LO3SG-EL-WR-LO3

    Generate, select and organise ideas for writing and representing

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School

Art Teaching and Learning Syllabus Primary (implementation from 2024)

Ministry of Education Singapore, Student Development Curriculum Division · 6 standards

Learning domains See, Express, Appreciate; LO1 to LO7 per key stage (P1 to 2, P3 to 4, P5 to 6). Note: this supersedes the 2018 primary art syllabus named in the brief; the MOE syllabus page now links only this version. Edition 2023. Type: National syllabus for primary schools (implementation from 2024). Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/media/files/primary/e084ce3f-10a5-4aec-bb2c-5a7d89df3d39.pdf

  • See, LO2 (Key Stage 1)SG-ART-KS1-LO2

    Draw to express curiosity, ideas and things that relate to personal interests and experiences

    Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Express, LO3 (Key Stage 1)SG-ART-KS1-LO3

    Play with a variety of materials and tools to create different effects in their art

    Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Express, LO5 (Key Stage 1)SG-ART-KS1-LO5

    Collect artefacts/learning evidence for portfolio based on given criteria

    Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Appreciate, LO6 (Key Stage 1)SG-ART-KS1-LO6

    Share and talk about their artworks using appropriate art vocabulary

    Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Appreciate, LO7 (Key Stage 1)SG-ART-KS1-LO7

    Discuss and relate artworks created by others to their own artworks and experiences

    Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Express, LO3 (Key Stage 2)SG-ART-KS2-LO3

    Explore and discover different ways to use materials and tools to make art individually and collaboratively

    Primary 3 to 4, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3 to 4]School

Character and Citizenship Education (CCE) Syllabus Primary

Ministry of Education Singapore, Student Development Curriculum Division · 4 standards

Big ideas Identity, Relationships, Choices; core values respect, responsibility, resilience, integrity, care, harmony; social-emotional competencies. Edition 2021. Type: National syllabus for primary schools (implementation from 2022). Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/media/files/syllabus/b7c7c81d-cc3e-4103-806f-b56142d6f4dc.pdf

  • Big idea: Choices, Making Responsible Decisions and Acting on Them (Lower Primary)SG-CCE-CHOICES

    CCE Lessons are designed to guide students to learn the importance of thinking before acting

    Lower Primary, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Big idea: Identity, Understanding and Caring for Oneself (Lower Primary)SG-CCE-IDENTITY

    CCE lessons are designed to provide opportunities for students to explore their uniqueness and discover their strengths and interests.

    Lower Primary, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Big idea: Relationships, Showing Care and Respect for Others (Lower Primary)SG-CCE-RELATIONSHIPS

    CCE lessons are designed to help students learn to show care and sensitivity to family members and friends.

    Lower Primary, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Core valuesSG-CCE-VALUES

    Our core values include respect, responsibility, resilience, integrity, care and harmony

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School

Framework for 21st Century Competencies and Student Outcomes

Ministry of Education Singapore · 3 standards

Core values; five social-emotional competencies; emerging 21CC: Critical, Adaptive and Inventive Thinking; Communication, Collaboration and Information Skills; Civic, Global and Cross-Cultural Literacy. Edition year is approximate (refreshed framework); the web page carries no date. Edition 2023. Type: National framework guiding all syllabuses (not a separate subject). Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/education-in-sg/21st-century-competencies

  • Emerging 21CC: Critical, Adaptive and Inventive ThinkingSG-21CC-CAIT

    Emerging 21CC: Critical, Adaptive and Inventive Thinking. Framework element guiding all MOE syllabuses.

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Emerging 21CC: Communication, Collaboration and Information SkillsSG-21CC-CCI

    Emerging 21CC: Communication, Collaboration and Information Skills. Framework element guiding all MOE syllabuses.

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School
  • Social-emotional competenciesSG-21CC-SEC

    Social-emotional competencies. Framework element guiding all MOE syllabuses.

    Primary 1 to 6, age 6 to 12 [Grades 1 to 6]School

Mathematics Syllabus Primary One to Six (2021)

Ministry of Education Singapore, Curriculum Planning and Development Division · 12 standards

Strands Number and Algebra; Measurement and Geometry; Statistics. Document updated October 2025. Edition 2021. Type: National syllabus (implementation from the 2021 Primary 1 cohort; applies to Primary 6 from 2026). Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/media/files/primary/92bff26d-b2b4-4535-b868-b8415c744b91.pdf

  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Whole numbers 1.4 comparing setsSG-MA-P1-COMPARE

    Compare the number of objects in two or more sets.

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Whole numbers 1.1SG-MA-P1-COUNT

    counting to tell the number of objects in a given set

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Statistics: Picture Graphs 1.1SG-MA-P1-GRAPHS

    reading and interpreting data from picture graphs

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Geometry 1.4 copying figures on a gridSG-MA-P1-GRID

    Copy figures on dot grid or square grid.

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Whole numbers 1.6 patterns in number sequencesSG-MA-P1-SEQUENCES

    Patterns in number sequences (numbers to 100).

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 1, Geometry: 2D Shapes 1.1SG-MA-P1-SHAPES

    identifying, naming, describing and classifying 2D shapes

    Primary 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 2, Fractions 1.1 fraction as part of a wholeSG-MA-P2-FRACTION

    Fraction as part of a whole; notation and representations.

    Primary 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 2, Geometry: 2D Shapes (patterns)SG-MA-P2-PATTERNS

    making/completing patterns with 2D shapes according to one or two of the following attributes

    Primary 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 2, Statistics, picture graphs with scalesSG-MA-P2-PICTSCALE

    Read and interpret picture graphs with scales.

    Primary 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 3, Statistics, bar graphsSG-MA-P3-BARGRAPH

    Read and interpret bar graphs; use different scales.

    Primary 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 3, Fractions 1.4 equivalent fraction given the denominator or numeratorSG-MA-P3-EQUIV

    Equivalent fractions and simplest form.

    Primary 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Mathematics: Primary 4, Geometry 3 line symmetrySG-MA-P4-SYMMETRY

    Identify symmetric figures and complete a symmetric figure on square grid.

    Primary 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School

Music Syllabus (Primary and Lower Secondary), implementation from 2023

Ministry of Education Singapore, Student Development Curriculum Division · 3 standards

Three Learning Outcomes across four stages (Stage 1 is Primary 1 and 2): LO1 Listen and Respond, LO2 Create Music, LO3 Perform Music (A Sing, B Play Instruments). Replaces the 2015 General Music Programme syllabus. Edition 2022. Type: National syllabus; implemented for Primary 1 and 2 from 2023 and all primary levels from 2024. Source: https://www.moe.gov.sg/media/files/primary/syllabus/211ea5f0-114d-43e8-bde6-edebd1190ca6.pdf

  • Stage 1 LO2 Create Music: graphic notationSG-MUS-S1-LO2-NOTATION

    Use graphic notation (lines, colour blocks, shapes) or stick notation to record music ideas.

    Stage 1, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Stage 1 LO2 Create Music: soundscapes to a stimulusSG-MUS-S1-LO2-SOUNDSCAPE

    Create and perform soundscapes to a given stimulus such as a poem, story or visuals.

    Stage 1, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Stage 1 LO3 Perform Music, A SingSG-MUS-S1-LO3A

    Sing a variety of songs in unison and simple 2-part canons.

    Stage 1, Primary 1 to 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School

Belonging, Being and Becoming: The Early Years Learning Framework for Australia (V2.0)

Australian Government Department of Education for the Ministerial Council; administered through ACECQA · 14 standards

Approved learning framework under the National Quality Framework, birth to 5 and transition to school. Five Learning Outcomes with key components, eight Principles, seven Practices. Approved services must base their educational program on an approved learning framework. Edition 2022 (V2.0, released early 2023; V1.0 no longer approved). Type: statutory. Source: https://www.acecqa.gov.au/nqf/national-law-regulations/approved-learning-frameworks

  • Outcome 1: Children have a strong sense of identityEYLF-O1

    Children feel safe and supported, grow autonomy and agency, build a positive sense of self, and interact with care, empathy and respect.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Outcome 1 key component: interact in relation to others with care, empathy and respectEYLF-O1-CARE

    Children learn to interact with care, empathy and respect.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Outcome 2: Children are connected with and contribute to their worldEYLF-O2

    Children belong to groups and communities, respond to diversity with respect, become aware of fairness, and care for the environment.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 2 key component: connectedness to groups and communitiesEYLF-O2-CONNECT

    Children develop a sense of connectedness to groups and communities and their reciprocal rights and responsibilities.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 2 key component: socially responsible and respect for the environmentEYLF-O2-ENV

    Children become socially responsible and show respect for the environment.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Outcome 3: Children have a strong sense of wellbeingEYLF-O3

    Children become strong in social, emotional and mental wellbeing and in physical learning, and build strategies for health and personal safety.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Outcome 3 key component: strong in physical learning and wellbeingEYLF-O3-PHYS

    Includes attention to fine, gross motor and fundamental movement skills.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood
  • Outcome 4: Children are confident and involved learnersEYLF-O4

    Children develop learning dispositions, thinking skills, transfer learning, and resource their own learning.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 4 key component: growth mindset and learning dispositionsEYLF-O4-DISP

    Children develop dispositions such as curiosity, cooperation, confidence, creativity, persistence and imagination.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 5: Children are effective communicatorsEYLF-O5

    Children interact verbally and non-verbally, engage with texts, express ideas through media, learn symbol systems and use digital media.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 5 key component: interact verbally and non-verballyEYLF-O5-INTERACT

    Children interact verbally and non-verbally with others for a range of purposes.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 5 key component: express ideas and make meaning using a range of mediaEYLF-O5-MEDIA

    Children express ideas and make meaning using a range of media, including creative arts such as drawing, painting, music and storytelling.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Outcome 5 key component: engage with a range of textsEYLF-O5-TEXTS

    Children engage with a range of texts and gain meaning from them.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Both
  • Practice: Play-based learning and intentionalityEYLF-PRAC-PLAY

    One of seven EYLF practices; educators plan play-based learning with intent.

    Birth to 5 and transition to school [Infant to Kindergarten]Early childhood

National Quality Standard

ACECQA (Australian Children's Education and Care Quality Authority) · 3 standards

Seven quality areas used to assess and rate approved early childhood and outside school hours services under the National Quality Framework. Used here only for the elements our activities touch (program, health and hygiene, supervision). Edition Current edition on ACECQA site (2018 revision in force). Type: statutory. Source: https://www.acecqa.gov.au/nqf/national-quality-standard

  • Element 1.2.3 Child directed learningNQS-1-2-3

    Each child's agency is promoted so they make choices and decisions that influence events and their world.

    Birth to 12 in approved services [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Element 2.1.2 Health practices and proceduresNQS-2-1-2

    Effective illness and injury management and hygiene practices are promoted and implemented.

    Birth to 12 in approved services [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Element 2.2.1 SupervisionNQS-2-2-1

    Reasonable precautions and adequate supervision protect children from harm and hazard at all times.

    Birth to 12 in approved services [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood

The New Zealand Curriculum: English Years 0 to 10 (Curriculum Statement 2025)

Ministry of Education, New Zealand (Te Tahuhu o te Matauranga) · 5 standards

Strands Years 0 to 8: Oral Language, Reading, Writing; year-by-year knowledge and practice statements by phase (Phase 1 Years 0 to 3, Phase 2 Years 4 to 6). Replaces the 2007 English statement for Years 0 to 10. Part of the refreshed curriculum (earlier branded Te Mataiaho). Edition 2025. Type: Statement of official policy from 1 January 2026. Source: https://newzealandcurriculum.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/5637239089.p

  • Oral Language: Listening and responding (Phase 1)NZC-EN-P1-OL-LISTEN

    Phase 1 practices for conversation and discussion: actively listening to speakers, participating in conversations, taking turns, and contributing; by the third year, building on others' ideas in discussions.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]School
  • Oral Language: Communicating and Presenting, Presenting to others (Phase 1)NZC-EN-P1-OL-PRESENT

    Reciting items with others and independently, then preparing short recitations and oral presentations using visual or written scaffolds.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]School
  • Oral Language and Reading: Vocabulary (teaching guidance, Years 0 to 3)NZC-EN-P1-OL-VOCAB

    Explicitly teach vocabulary at students' oral-language level, quickly supplying student-friendly definitions.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]School
  • Reading: Word Recognition, Phonemic awareness and phonics knowledge; Decoding (Phase 1)NZC-EN-P1-RD-DECODE

    Structured literacy strand of Phase 1 reading: phonemic awareness, phonics, decoding, conventions of print and fluency.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]School
  • Reading: Working with texts (teaching guidance, Years 0 to 3)NZC-EN-P1-RD-TEXTS

    Teachers foster a love of reading through daily read-alouds of rich-language texts, student choice, sharing favourite texts and supporting reading at home.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]Both

The New Zealand Curriculum: Mathematics and Statistics Years 0 to 8 (refreshed)

Ministry of Education, New Zealand · 18 standards

Strands Number, Algebra, Measurement, Geometry, Statistics; year-by-year knowledge and practice statements. Edition year shown is the effective date; the page states no version number. Edition 2026. Type: Statement of official policy from 1 January 2026. Source: https://newzealandcurriculum.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/5637238339.p

  • Number: Number structures, counting collections (first year)NZC-MA-P1-COUNT

    Counting collections using one-to-one correspondence and then by pairs, up to 20 objects.

    Phase 1 first year, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Statistics: Developing knowledge from data; Visualisation of data (first year)NZC-MA-P1-DATA

    Collect categorical data for an investigative question and create picture graphs.

    Phase 1 first year, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Algebra: growing number patterns (third year)NZC-MA-P1-GROWING

    Recognise, continue and create growing number patterns.

    Phase 1, Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Number: a half (first year)NZC-MA-P1-HALF

    A half is one of two equal parts or groups.

    Phase 1, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Measurement: estimating and measuring with an informal unitNZC-MA-P1-INFORMAL

    Estimate and repeat one informal unit to measure length, mass or capacity.

    Phase 1, Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Number: locating numbers on a number lineNZC-MA-P1-NUMLINE

    Locate whole numbers on a fully labelled number line.

    Phase 1, first six months of school, age 5 [K]School
  • Algebra: Patterns, repeating patterns (second year)NZC-MA-P1-PATTERN

    Copy, continue, create and describe repeating patterns; repeating patterns have a unit of repeat.

    Phase 1 second year, Year 2, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Statistics: picture graphs (first year)NZC-MA-P1-PICTGRAPH

    Create picture graphs for categorical data.

    Phase 1, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Geometry: Shapes (first year)NZC-MA-P1-SHAPE

    Identify, describe and sort familiar 2D and 3D shapes by one attribute.

    Phase 1 first year, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Number: subitising (first six months)NZC-MA-P1-SUBITISE

    Recognise small collections without counting.

    Phase 1, first six months of school, age 5 [K]School
  • Geometry: line of symmetry (third year)NZC-MA-P1-SYMMETRY

    A line of symmetry divides a shape into two mirror-image parts.

    Phase 1, Year 3, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Statistics: recording data in tally charts (first year)NZC-MA-P1-TALLY

    Record categorical data in tally charts.

    Phase 1, Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Algebra: repeating patterns and the unit of repeatNZC-MA-P1-UNIT-REPEAT

    Repeating patterns have a repeating group called the unit of repeat.

    Phase 1, Years 0 to 3, age 5 to 8 [K to Grade 2]School
  • Algebra: coordinate points (Year 6)NZC-MA-P2-COORD

    Locate coordinate points on a coordinate plane.

    Phase 2, Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Statistics: dot plots and bar graphs (Year 4)NZC-MA-P2-DOTPLOT

    Create dot-plot or bar-graph data visualisations.

    Phase 2, Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Number: fractions on a number line (Year 4)NZC-MA-P2-FRACLINE

    Relate fractions and mixed numbers to positions on a number line.

    Phase 2, Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Algebra: rule for a growing pattern (Year 6)NZC-MA-P2-GROWRULE

    Develop a rule for a growing pattern and make conjectures about later elements.

    Phase 2, Year 6, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Geometry: lines of symmetry in 2D shapes (Year 4)NZC-MA-P2-SYMMETRY

    Identify the number of lines of symmetry in 2D shapes.

    Phase 2, Year 4, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School

The New Zealand Curriculum (2007): The Arts, Visual Arts

Ministry of Education, New Zealand · 3 standards

Visual arts strands: Understanding the visual arts in context; Developing practical knowledge; Developing ideas; Communicating and interpreting. A refreshed Arts learning area was consulted on as a draft; the Ministry says schools need not implement it until finalised. Edition 2007. Type: Statement of official policy (current); refreshed Arts learning area in draft. Source: https://newzealandcurriculum.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/5637209898.p

  • Visual arts Level 1: Communicating and interpretingNZC-ARTS-VA-L1-CI

    Students will share the ideas, feelings, and stories communicated by their own and others' objects and images.

    Levels 1 to 2, about Years 1 to 4, age 5 to 9 [K to Grade 3]School
  • Visual arts Level 1: Developing ideasNZC-ARTS-VA-L1-DI

    Students will investigate visual ideas in response to a variety of motivations, observation, and imagination.

    Levels 1 to 2, about Years 1 to 4, age 5 to 9 [K to Grade 3]School
  • Visual arts Level 1: Developing practical knowledgeNZC-ARTS-VA-L1-PK

    Students will explore a variety of materials and tools and discover elements and selected principles.

    Levels 1 to 2, about Years 1 to 4, age 5 to 9 [K to Grade 3]School

The New Zealand Curriculum: The Arts, Music strand (updated Years 0 to 8 content)

Ministry of Education, New Zealand · 2 standards

Phase 1 (Years 1 to 3) Arts has three strands: Performing Arts, Music, Visual Arts. Music covers elements of music, listening and responding, performing (singing, playing) and creating and composing. Rows cite the Ministry parent guide because the Tahurangi statement pages could not be opened by script. Edition 2026. Type: Updated learning area content published by the Ministry; parent guide says the Arts area is now fully updated (implementation dates set by the Ministry). Source: https://www.education.govt.nz/parents-and-caregivers/schools-year-0-13/parent-portal/guide-for-the-new-zealand-curriculum-years-0-to-8/year-1-new-zealand-curriculum/the-arts-in-year-1

  • Year 1 Music: elements of music (beat, rhythm, tempo, pitch, texture)NZC-MUS-Y1-ELEMENTS

    Recognise and recreate basic elements of music such as steady beat, rhythm, tempo, pitch and texture.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1 Music: sing songs or chants, call and responseNZC-MUS-Y1-SING

    By the end of Year 1 children may sing simple songs or chants and imitate others in a call and response.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School

The New Zealand Curriculum: Science (updated Years 0 to 10 content)

Ministry of Education, New Zealand · 2 standards

Phases 1 to 4 (Years 0 to 10) with contexts such as physical science (materials) and biological science (organism diversity, body systems, ecosystems). Rows cite the Ministry parent guide for Year 1. Edition 2025. Type: Proposed National Curriculum Statement; schools must use it from 1 January 2027 once gazetted; the 2007 science curriculum remains in effect until then. Source: https://newzealandcurriculum.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/new-zealand-curriculum-online/nzc---science-phases-1-4-years-0-10/5637290855.p

  • Year 1 Physical science, Materials: describe using the sensesNZC-SCI-Y1-MATERIALS

    Describe materials and objects using the senses, including colour, shape and texture; ask questions and test ideas.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Year 1: acting like young scientistsNZC-SCI-Y1-PRACTICES

    Children explore and ask questions, make simple observations, experiment hands-on and communicate what they notice.

    Year 1, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: English (Foundation to Year 10)

Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) · 18 standards

Three strands: Language, Literature, Literacy; content description codes AC9E[level][strand][nn]. Version 9.0 approved 2022; full implementation expected 2027; next full version scheduled for 2032 (ACARA, review process changes approved 17 Oct 2025). Codes taken from the official v9 curriculum workbook. Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (states and territories implement and may adapt). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Literature: Creating literature (AC9E1LE05)ACV9-EN-AC9E1LE05

    orally retell or adapt a familiar story using plot and characters, language features including vocabulary, and structure of a familiar text, through role-play, writing, drawing or digital tools

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Literacy: Interacting with others (AC9E1LY02)ACV9-EN-AC9E1LY02

    use interaction skills including turn-taking, speaking clearly, using active listening behaviours and responding to the contributions of others, and contributing ideas and questions

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Literacy: Creating texts (written) (AC9E1LY06)ACV9-EN-AC9E1LY06

    create and re-read to edit short written and/or multimodal texts to report on a topic, express an opinion or recount a real or imagined event

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Literacy: Phonic and word knowledge (phonological awareness) (AC9E1LY10)ACV9-EN-AC9E1LY10

    orally manipulate phonemes in spoken words by addition, deletion and substitution of initial, medial and final phonemes to generate new words (phonological awareness)

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Language: Language for expressing and developing ideas (AC9E2LA08)ACV9-EN-AC9E2LA08

    understand that images add to or multiply the meanings of a text

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Literature: Creating literature (AC9E2LE05)ACV9-EN-AC9E2LE05

    create and edit literary texts by adapting structures and language features of familiar literary texts through drawing, writing, performance and digital tools

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Literacy: Creating texts (written) (AC9E2LY06)ACV9-EN-AC9E2LY06

    create and edit short imaginative, informative and persuasive written and/or multimodal texts for familiar audiences

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Literacy: Interacting with others (AC9E3LY02)ACV9-EN-AC9E3LY02

    use interaction skills to contribute to conversations and discussions to share information and ideas

    Year 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Literature: Creating literature (AC9E4LE05)ACV9-EN-AC9E4LE05

    create and edit literary texts by developing storylines, characters and settings

    Year 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Literacy: Interacting with others (AC9E5LY02)ACV9-EN-AC9E5LY02

    use appropriate interaction skills including paraphrasing and questioning to clarify meaning, make connections to own experience, and present and justify an opinion or idea

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Language: Language for interacting with others (AC9E6LA02)ACV9-EN-AC9E6LA02

    understand the uses of objective and subjective language, and identify bias

    Year 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School
  • Language: Language for interacting with others (AC9EFLA02)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLA02

    explore different ways of using language to express preferences, likes and dislikes

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literature: Engaging with and responding to literature (AC9EFLE02)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLE02

    respond to stories and share feelings and thoughts about their events and characters

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literature: Creating literature (AC9EFLE05)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLE05

    retell and adapt familiar literary texts through play, performance, images or writing

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literacy: Interacting with others (AC9EFLY02)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLY02

    interact in informal and structured situations by listening while others speak and using features of voice including volume levels

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literacy: Analysing, interpreting and evaluating (AC9EFLY05)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLY05

    use comprehension strategies such as visualising, predicting, connecting, summarising and questioning to understand and discuss texts listened to, viewed or read independently

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literacy: Creating texts (spoken) (AC9EFLY07)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLY07

    create and deliver short spoken texts to report ideas and events to peers, using features of voice such as appropriate volume

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Literacy: Phonic and word knowledge (phonological awareness) (AC9EFLY09)ACV9-EN-AC9EFLY09

    recognise and generate rhyming words, alliteration patterns, syllables and sounds (phonemes) in spoken words (phonological awareness)

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: The Arts, Visual Arts (Foundation to Year 10)

ACARA · 10 standards

Visual Arts content descriptions in bands F, Years 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6; strands Exploring and responding (E), Developing practices and skills (D), Creating and making (C), Presenting and performing (P). Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (states and territories implement and may adapt). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Visual Arts: Creating and making (AC9AVA2C01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA2C01

    use visual conventions, visual arts processes and materials to create artworks

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Visual Arts: Developing practices and skills (AC9AVA2D01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA2D01

    experiment and play with visual conventions, visual arts processes and materials

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Visual Arts: Presenting and performing (AC9AVA2P01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA2P01

    share artworks and/or visual arts practice in informal settings

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Visual Arts: Creating and making (AC9AVA4C01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA4C01

    use visual conventions, visual arts processes and materials to create artworks that communicate ideas, perspectives and/or meaning

    Years 3 and 4, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3 to 4]School
  • Visual Arts: Presenting and performing (AC9AVA4P01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA4P01

    share and/or display artworks and/or visual arts practice in informal settings

    Years 3 and 4, age 8 to 10 [Grades 3 to 4]School
  • Visual Arts: Developing practices and skills (AC9AVA6D01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA6D01

    experiment with, document and reflect on ways to use a range of visual conventions, visual arts processes, and materials

    Years 5 and 6, age 10 to 12 [Grades 5 to 6]School
  • Visual Arts: Exploring and responding (AC9AVA6E01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVA6E01

    explore ways that visual conventions, visual arts processes and materials are combined to communicate ideas, perspectives and/or meaning in visual arts across cultures, times, places and/or other contexts

    Years 5 and 6, age 10 to 12 [Grades 5 to 6]School
  • Visual Arts: Creating and making (AC9AVAFC01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVAFC01

    create arts works that communicate ideas

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Visual Arts: Developing practices and skills (AC9AVAFD01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVAFD01

    use play, imagination, arts knowledge, processes and/or skills to discover possibilities and develop ideas

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Visual Arts: Presenting and performing (AC9AVAFP01)ACV9-AVA-AC9AVAFP01

    share their arts works with audiences

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: Mathematics (Foundation to Year 10)

ACARA · 27 standards

Strands Number, Algebra, Measurement, Space, Statistics, Probability. ACARA was to advise ministers in February 2026 on Foundation to Year 2 Mathematics content and sequencing; check for iterative changes. Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (states and territories implement and may adapt). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Mathematics: Algebra (AC9M1A01)ACV9-MA-AC9M1A01

    Pattern sequences formed by skip counting.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Algebra (AC9M1A02)ACV9-MA-AC9M1A02

    recognise, continue and create repeating patterns with numbers, symbols, shapes and objects, identifying the repeating unit

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Measurement (AC9M1M02)ACV9-MA-AC9M1M02

    Measure length with uniform informal units laid end to end.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9M1N01)ACV9-MA-AC9M1N01

    Recognise, represent and order numbers to 120, including on number lines.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Statistics (AC9M1ST01)ACV9-MA-AC9M1ST01

    Record categorical data with objects, drawings and tally marks.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Statistics (AC9M1ST02)ACV9-MA-AC9M1ST02

    represent collected data for a categorical variable using one-to-one displays and digital tools where appropriate; compare the data using frequencies and discuss the findings

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Mathematics: Algebra (AC9M2A01)ACV9-MA-AC9M2A01

    Additive (growing or shrinking) patterns; find missing elements.

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Measurement (AC9M2M01)ACV9-MA-AC9M2M01

    Measure and compare length with uniform informal units.

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Measurement (AC9M2M02)ACV9-MA-AC9M2M02

    identify common uses and represent halves, quarters and eighths in relation to shapes, objects and events

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9M2N03)ACV9-MA-AC9M2N03

    One-half as one of two equal parts; halves, quarters and eighths by repeated halving.

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M2SP02)ACV9-MA-AC9M2SP02

    locate positions in two-dimensional representations of a familiar space; move positions by following directions and pathways

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9M3N02)ACV9-MA-AC9M3N02

    Represent unit fractions and their multiples; combine fractions to make the whole.

    Year 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9M3N05)ACV9-MA-AC9M3N05

    Estimate quantities in collections and check reasonableness.

    Year 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Mathematics: Statistics (AC9M3ST03)ACV9-MA-AC9M3ST03

    Guided statistical investigations from questions of interest.

    Year 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9M4N04)ACV9-MA-AC9M4N04

    Count by fractions and place them on number lines.

    Year 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M4SP02)ACV9-MA-AC9M4SP02

    Grid reference systems to locate positions and pathways.

    Year 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M4SP03)ACV9-MA-AC9M4SP03

    Line and rotational symmetry; create symmetrical patterns and pictures.

    Year 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M5SP02)ACV9-MA-AC9M5SP02

    Grid coordinate system to locate positions.

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M5SP03)ACV9-MA-AC9M5SP03

    Translations, reflections and rotations; identify symmetries.

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Mathematics: Algebra (AC9M6A01)ACV9-MA-AC9M6A01

    Rules that generate visually growing patterns.

    Year 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9M6SP02)ACV9-MA-AC9M6SP02

    Points in all four quadrants of the Cartesian plane.

    Year 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School
  • Mathematics: Algebra (AC9MFA01)ACV9-MA-AC9MFA01

    recognise, copy and continue repeating patterns represented in different ways

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9MFN02)ACV9-MA-AC9MFN02

    recognise and name the number of objects within a collection up to 5 using subitising

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9MFN03)ACV9-MA-AC9MFN03

    quantify and compare collections to at least 20 using counting and explain or demonstrate reasoning

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Mathematics: Number (AC9MFN04)ACV9-MA-AC9MFN04

    Partition and combine collections to 10, using subitising to name the parts.

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Mathematics: Space (AC9MFSP01)ACV9-MA-AC9MFSP01

    sort, name and create familiar shapes; recognise and describe familiar shapes within objects in the environment, giving reasons

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Mathematics: Statistics (AC9MFST01)ACV9-MA-AC9MFST01

    collect, sort and compare data represented by objects and images in response to given investigative questions that relate to familiar situations

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: General Capabilities (Personal and Social Capability, Critical and Creative Thinking, Ethical Understanding, Literacy)

ACARA · 14 standards

Learning continua with levels (Level 1 Foundation, Level 2 Years 1 to 2, and so on). Codes from the v9 workbook, for example PSCSOMB2_1. Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (general capabilities are addressed through learning areas, not taught as separate subjects). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Critical and Creative Thinking: Analysing, Evaluate actions and outcomes (CCTANAC2_1)ACV9-GC-CCTANAC2-1

    evaluate whether they have accomplished what they set out to achieve, including using a given set of criteria to support decisions

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Critical and Creative Thinking: Generating, Create possibilities (CCTGENA2_1)ACV9-GC-CCTGENA2-1

    create possibilities by connecting or creatively expanding on ideas in ways that are new to them

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Critical and Creative Thinking: Generating, Put ideas into action (CCTGENC2_1)ACV9-GC-CCTGENC2-1

    put ideas into action by experimenting with options and predicting possible results

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Critical and Creative Thinking: Inquiring, Develop questions (CCTINQA1_1)ACV9-GC-CCTINQA1-1

    develop questions to explore a familiar idea or topic

    Level 1 (Foundation), age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Ethical Understanding: Understanding ethical concepts and perspectives, Explore ethical concepts (EUUNDA2_1)ACV9-GC-EUUNDA2-1

    identify ethical concepts, such as honesty and fairness, and describe actions and behaviours associated with these

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Literacy: Speaking and listening, Interacting (LSInT)ACV9-GC-LSINT

    Literacy general capability, Speaking and listening element, Interacting sub-element; National Literacy Learning Progression levels 1 to 7 (no 1a or 1b levels for Interacting).

    Levels 1 to 4, Foundation to Year 2 [K to Grade 2] (progression, not year-bound)School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Self-management, Emotional regulation (PSCSEMB2_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSEMB2-1

    describe ways to moderate emotions in familiar contexts

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Self-management, Perseverance and adaptability (PSCSEMC1_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSEMC1-1

    demonstrate perseverance with familiar tasks when first attempts are unsuccessful, and adapt attempts as needed

    Level 1 (Foundation), age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social awareness, Empathy (PSCSOAA2_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOAA2-1

    describe similarities and differences between the needs, emotions, cultures and backgrounds of themselves and others

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social awareness, Community awareness (PSCSOAC2_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOAC2-1

    describe how they contribute to their communities and how others care for and assist them

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social management, Collaboration (PSCSOMB1_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOMB1-1

    engage with others and participate in group play, tasks and activities

    Level 1 (Foundation), age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social management, Collaboration (PSCSOMB2_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOMB2-1

    participate cooperatively in groups on common tasks and activities

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social management, Leadership (PSCSOMC1_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOMC1-1

    practise self-leadership by taking responsibility for their own actions

    Level 1 (Foundation), age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Personal and Social Capability: Social management, Conflict resolution (PSCSOME2_1)ACV9-GC-PSCSOME2-1

    practise solving simple interpersonal problems, acknowledging there are many ways to prevent and solve conflict

    Level 2 (Years 1 to 2), age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: The Arts, Music (Foundation to Year 10)

Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) · 5 standards

Music content descriptions in bands F, Years 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6; strands Exploring and responding (E), Developing practices and skills (D), Creating and making (C), Presenting and performing (P). Codes AC9AMU[band][strand][nn] from the official v9 curriculum workbook. Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (states and territories implement and may adapt). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Years 1 and 2 Creating and making (AC9AMU2C01)ACV9-MU-AC9AMU2C01

    Select and combine elements of music when composing and practising for performance.

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Years 1 and 2 Developing practices and skills (AC9AMU2D01)ACV9-MU-AC9AMU2D01

    Develop listening skills and skills for singing and playing instruments.

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Years 1 and 2 Presenting and performing (AC9AMU2P01)ACV9-MU-AC9AMU2P01

    Sing and play music in informal settings.

    Years 1 and 2, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Years 5 and 6 Creating and making (AC9AMU6C01)ACV9-MU-AC9AMU6C01

    Manipulate elements and compositional devices when composing, and notate, document and/or record the music.

    Years 5 and 6, age 10 to 12 [Grades 5 to 6]School
  • Foundation Creating and making (AC9AMUFC01)ACV9-MU-AC9AMUFC01

    Create arts works that communicate ideas (Foundation is common across the arts subjects).

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Australian Curriculum Version 9.0: Science (Foundation to Year 10)

Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) · 9 standards

Strands Science understanding (U), Science as a human endeavour (H), Science inquiry (I), year by year from Foundation. Codes AC9S[level][strand][nn] from the official v9 curriculum workbook. Edition 2022. Type: National curriculum (states and territories implement and may adapt). Source: https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/content/dam/en/curriculum/ac-version-9/downloads/curriculum-workbook.xlsx

  • Year 1 Science inquiry: make and record observations (AC9S1I03)ACV9-SC-AC9S1I03

    Make and record observations, including informal measurements.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 1 Earth and space sciences: daily and seasonal changes (AC9S1U02)ACV9-SC-AC9S1U02

    Describe daily and seasonal changes in the environment and how they affect everyday life.

    Year 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Year 2 Earth and space sciences: patterns in the sky (AC9S2U01)ACV9-SC-AC9S2U01

    Recognise Earth is a planet and identify patterns in the changing position of the sun, moon, planets and stars.

    Year 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Year 4 Earth and space sciences: water cycle (AC9S4U02)ACV9-SC-AC9S4U02

    Identify sources of water and describe key water cycle processes including evaporation.

    Year 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Year 5 Biological sciences: features that enable survival (AC9S5U01)ACV9-SC-AC9S5U01

    Examine how structural features and behaviours of living things enable survival in habitats.

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Year 5 Earth and space sciences: weathering and erosion (AC9S5U02)ACV9-SC-AC9S5U02

    Describe how weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition change Earth’s surface.

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Year 5 Physical sciences: light and shadows (AC9S5U03)ACV9-SC-AC9S5U03

    Identify light sources, recognise light travels in straight lines, describe how shadows form.

    Year 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Foundation Science inquiry: questioning and predicting (AC9SFI01)ACV9-SC-AC9SFI01

    Pose questions and make predictions based on experiences.

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Foundation Science inquiry: observing with the senses (AC9SFI02)ACV9-SC-AC9SFI02

    Engage in investigations safely and observe using the senses.

    Foundation, age 5 to 6 [K]School

Curricular Guidance for Pre-School Education

CCEA for the Department of Education (Northern Ireland) · 6 standards

Six areas: PSED; physical development and movement; language development; early mathematical experiences; the arts; the world around us. Pre-school year, about age 3 to 4. Edition 2018. Type: Curricular guidance funded pre-school settings are expected to adhere to; used by ETI in inspection. Source: https://www.education-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/2026-04/PreSchool_Guidance_30May18_Web.pdf

  • The Arts: creative experiencesNIPSCG-ARTS

    Celebrate each child's work; emphasise process, enjoyment and learning over the finished product.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • The Arts: temporary pictures and transient artNIPSCG-ARTS-TEMP

    Indoor and outdoor transient art that can be changed, moved and photographed.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Health and safetyNIPSCG-HS

    Staff explain safe use of equipment and follow risk assessment guidance.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Language development: early writing through mark-makingNIPSCG-LANG-MARKS

    Scribbling, mark-making and drawing as writing; no formal teaching of writing in pre-school.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Involving parents/guardians/carers as partnersNIPSCG-PARENTS

    Parents as first and continuing educators; two-way communication; home learning.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Personal, social and emotional development: progress in learningNIPSCG-PSED

    Self-confidence, relationships, sharing, turn-taking, caring for others, rules and routines.

    Pre-school year, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood

Childminding and Day Care for Children Under Age 12: Minimum Standards

Department of Health (Northern Ireland) · 4 standards

16 standards including safeguarding and photography, health and wellbeing, partnership with parents and equipment. Edition July 2012 (amended October 2018). Type: Registration and inspection standards for HSC Trust registered childminding and day care. Source: https://www.familysupportni.gov.uk/Content/uploads/userUploads/early-years-standards-full-version%20(1).pdf

  • Standard 1: Safeguarding and child protection (photographs and ICT)NIMS-S1-PHOTO

    Written policy on photographs; written parental permission; uses explained.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 13: EquipmentNIMS-S13-EQUIP

    Sufficient, suitable, age-appropriate play materials checked for safety; conform to BS EN or Toys (Safety) Regulations.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 3: Children's health and wellbeingNIMS-S3-HYGIENE

    Premises and equipment clean; hygiene promoted to minimise infection; PHA guidance.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 7: Working in partnership with parentsNIMS-S7-PARENTS

    Partnership with parents to meet children's needs; agreed information exchange.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood

Northern Ireland Curriculum (Primary): Language and Literacy

Department of Education NI; CCEA · 9 standards

Talking and Listening, Reading and Writing for Foundation Stage (P1 to P2), Key Stage 1 (P3 to P4) and Key Stage 2 (P5 to P7). A 2025 independent strategic review (Crehan) recommended a new knowledge-rich curriculum and a Curriculum Taskforce. Edition 2007. Type: Statutory minimum content under the Education (Curriculum Minimum Content) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007. Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2007/46/schedule/2/made

  • Foundation Stage Reading: shared and read-aloud booksNIC-LL-FS-READ

    Share a range of books and listen to stories, poems and non-fiction read by adults and other pupils.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Talking and Listening: language and thinkingNIC-LL-FS-TALK

    Develop language and thinking through talking about experiences, pictures and stories.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Writing: drawing and writingNIC-LL-FS-WRITE

    Distinguish between drawing and writing and talk about ideas in drawings.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Key Stage 1 Reading: enjoyment and acting out textsNIC-LL-KS1-READ

    Read for enjoyment and information; re-tell, re-read and act out texts through drama and pictures.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Talking and Listening: telling own storiesNIC-LL-KS1-TALK

    Tell own stories based on personal experience and imagination.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Writing: purposes, audiences and feelingsNIC-LL-KS1-WRITE

    Write for a variety of purposes and audiences; express thoughts, feelings and opinions.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 2 Reading: sustained reading for enjoymentNIC-LL-KS2-READ

    Engage in sustained independent reading for enjoyment and develop own preferences.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]Both
  • Key Stage 2 Talking and Listening: improvisation and presentationNIC-LL-KS2-TALK

    Improvise scenes and give short oral presentations to a familiar group.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]School
  • Key Stage 2 Writing: word playNIC-LL-KS2-WORDPLAY

    Experiment with rhymes, rhythms, verse structure and word play.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]School

Northern Ireland Curriculum (Primary): The Arts (Art and Design, Music, Drama)

Department of Education NI; CCEA · 9 standards

Art and Design, Music and Drama minimum content at each primary stage. Edition 2007. Type: Statutory minimum content under the 2007 Order. Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2007/46/schedule/2/made

  • Foundation Stage Art and Design: colours, lines, shapes, textures and patternsNIC-ARTS-FS-ELEMENTS

    Investigate and talk about, and create using, colours, lines, shapes, textures and patterns.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Music: sing and performNIC-ARTS-FS-MUSIC

    Pupils work creatively with sound, sing and perform with simple instruments, and listen and respond.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Music progression: contrasts and start/stop signalsNIC-ARTS-FS-MUSIC-CONTRAST

    Distinguish loud and quiet, high and low, long and short, fast and slow; watch and respond to start/stop signals.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Art and Design: talking about workNIC-ARTS-FS-TALK

    Talk about own and other pupils' work and how it was made.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Key Stage 1 Drama: freeze frame, tableau and hot seatingNIC-ARTS-KS1-DRAMA

    Develop drama strategies including freeze frame, tableau and hot seating.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Art and Design: visual elementsNIC-ARTS-KS1-ELEMENTS

    Explore colour, tone, line, shape, form, space, texture and pattern to express ideas.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Music: work creatively with soundNIC-ARTS-KS1-MUSIC

    Investigate, experiment, select and combine sounds to express feelings, ideas, mood and atmosphere.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 2 Art and Design: evaluating and modifying workNIC-ARTS-KS2-EVALUATE

    Evaluate own and others' work, discuss difficulties and review and modify work.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]School
  • Key Stage 2 Music: musical stories, pictures and patternsNIC-ARTS-KS2-MUSIC

    Create musical stories, pictures, patterns, conversations and accompaniments, and find ways to preserve the music.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]School

Northern Ireland Curriculum (Primary): Personal Development and Mutual Understanding

Department of Education NI; CCEA · 4 standards

Two strands: Personal Understanding and Health; Mutual Understanding in the Local and Wider Community. Edition 2007. Type: Statutory minimum content under the 2007 Order. Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2007/46/schedule/2/made

  • Foundation Stage PDMU: feelings and relationshipsNIC-PDMU-FS

    Explore own and others' feelings, and relationships with family and friends.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Key Stage 1 PDMU: responsibility, respect, honesty and fairnessNIC-PDMU-KS1-MU

    Responsibility and respect, honesty and fairness; constructive approaches to conflict.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 1 PDMU: feelings and how actions affect othersNIC-PDMU-KS1-PUH

    Own and others' feelings and emotions and how their actions affect others.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School
  • Key Stage 2 PDMU: active part in the communityNIC-PDMU-KS2-COMMUNITY

    Play an active and meaningful part in the life of the community.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]Both

Northern Ireland Curriculum (Primary): Mathematics and Numeracy

Department of Education NI; CCEA · 17 standards

Used only for Foundation Stage counting, sorting and pattern. Edition 2007. Type: Statutory minimum content under the 2007 Order. Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2007/46/schedule/2/made

  • Foundation Stage Mathematics: understanding numberNIC-MN-FS-COUNT

    Count a variety of objects; one-to-one correspondence.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Number: sensible guess of quantitiesNIC-MN-FS-ESTIMATE

    Make a sensible guess of quantities within 10.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Measures: non-standard unitsNIC-MN-FS-MEASURE

    Choose and use non-standard units to measure length, capacity and weight.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Mathematics: patterns and relationshipsNIC-MN-FS-PATTERN

    Investigate pattern in the environment; copy and continue simple patterns.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Shape and Space: pictures and patterns with 2D shapesNIC-MN-FS-SHAPE

    Build with 3D shapes and create pictures and patterns with 2D shapes.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage Number: state quantities without countingNIC-MN-FS-SUBITISE

    Recognise small quantities within 5 without counting (subitising).

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Key Stage 1 Handling Data: collect, record and presentNIC-MN-KS1-DATA

    Collect data and present it with objects, drawings, tables and simple graphs.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Number: estimate a small number of objectsNIC-MN-KS1-ESTIMATE

    Make a sensible estimate of a small number of objects and begin to approximate.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Number: simple everyday fractionsNIC-MN-KS1-FRACTION

    Recognise and use simple everyday fractions.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Measures: non-standard units and the need for standard onesNIC-MN-KS1-MEASURE

    Use non-standard units and recognise the need for standard units.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1: copy, continue and devise repeating patternsNIC-MN-KS1-PATTERN

    Copy, continue and devise repeating patterns.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Mathematical Reasoning: patterns and predictionsNIC-MN-KS1-PREDICT

    Recognise simple patterns and relationships and make predictions.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 1 Shape: reflective symmetryNIC-MN-KS1-SYMMETRY

    Name and describe 2-D and 3-D shapes; recognise reflective symmetry.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1 to 2]School
  • Key Stage 2 Position: coordinates in the first quadrantNIC-MN-KS2-COORD

    Use coordinates to plot and draw shapes in the first quadrant.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3 to 5]School
  • Key Stage 2 Measures: estimationNIC-MN-KS2-ESTIMATE

    Develop skills in estimating length, weight, capacity, time, area and temperature.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3 to 5]School
  • Key Stage 2: patterns and sequences, rules for generating sequencesNIC-MN-KS2-SEQUENCE

    Explore and predict number patterns and sequences; follow and devise rules.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3 to 5]School
  • Key Stage 2 Shape: line and rotational symmetry, reflectionNIC-MN-KS2-SYMMETRY

    Recognise line and rotational symmetry and reflect shapes in a line.

    Key Stage 2, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3 to 5]School

Northern Ireland Curriculum (Primary): The World Around Us

Department of Education NI; CCEA · 3 standards

Four strands (Interdependence; Place; Movement and Energy; Change over Time) at Foundation Stage, Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2, drawing on history, geography and science and technology. A 2025 independent strategic review recommended curriculum change; no new content yet. Edition 2007. Type: Statutory minimum content under the Education (Curriculum Minimum Content) Order (Northern Ireland) 2007. Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2007/46/schedule/2/made

  • Foundation Stage Change over TimeNIC-WAU-FS-CHANGE

    Explore how things change, what kinds of change happen and how we can make change happen.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Foundation Stage progression: curiosity about the environmentNIC-WAU-FS-CURIOSITY

    Show curiosity about living things, places, objects and materials; identify similarities and differences.

    Foundation Stage, P1 to P2, age 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Key Stage 1 Place: living things depend on and adapt to their environmentNIC-WAU-KS1-ADAPT

    Explore how place influences plant and animal life and how living things adapt.

    Key Stage 1, P3 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-2]School

OECD Learning Compass 2030

OECD (Future of Education and Skills 2030 project) · 3 standards

Core foundations, knowledge, skills, attitudes and values, three transformative competencies, and the anticipation, action, reflection (AAR) cycle, with student agency and co-agency. Edition 2019 (Learning Compass concept notes). Type: Aspirational learning framework; not a curriculum and not a requirement. Source: https://search.oecd.org/education/2030-project/teaching-and-learning/learning/learning-compass-2030/in_brief_Learning_Compass.pdf

  • Anticipation, action, reflection (AAR) cycle with co-agencyOECD-LC2030-AAR

    Students build competencies through an iterative cycle of anticipation, action and reflection, with co-agency with peers, teachers, parents and communities.

    School age [K-Grade 12]Both
  • Transformative competency: Creating new valueOECD-LC2030-NEWVALUE

    One of three transformative competencies students need to shape the future.

    School age [K-Grade 12]School
  • Transformative competency: Taking responsibilityOECD-LC2030-RESP

    One of three transformative competencies.

    School age [K-Grade 12]School

Starting Strong VI: Supporting Meaningful Interactions in Early Childhood Education and Care

OECD · 1 standards

Process quality, meaning the daily interactions children have with adults, peers, families and the environment, and five policy levers that shape it. Edition 2021. Type: Policy report; guidance only. Source: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/starting-strong-vi_f47a06ae-en.html

  • Process quality: daily interactions drive learning, development and well-beingOECD-SS6-PROCESS

    Children's learning, development and well-being are directly influenced by daily interactions with other children, adults, families and the environment.

    Birth to compulsory school age [Infant-K]Early childhood

How Does Learning Happen? Ontario's Pedagogy for the Early Years

Ontario Ministry of Education · 4 standards

Named by the Minister's Policy Statement (June 8, 2015) under s. 55(3) Child Care and Early Years Act, 2014. O. Reg. 137/15 s. 46 requires every licensee to have a program statement consistent with that policy statement. Four foundations: Belonging, Well-Being, Engagement, Expression. Edition 2014 (current file reissued March 2021). Type: statutory. Source: https://www.ontario.ca/page/how-does-learning-happen-ontarios-pedagogy-early-years

  • Foundation: BelongingHDLH-BELONG

    Every child is connected to others and contributes to their world.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Early childhood
  • Foundation: EngagementHDLH-ENGAGE

    Every child is an active and engaged learner who explores the world with body, mind, and senses.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Early childhood
  • Foundation: ExpressionHDLH-EXPRESS

    Every child is a capable communicator who expresses themselves in many ways.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Early childhood
  • Foundation: Well-BeingHDLH-WELL

    Every child is developing a sense of self, health, and well-being.

    Birth to 8 [Infant to Grade 2]Early childhood

Kindergarten Curriculum (2026)

Ontario Ministry of Education · 4 standards

New four-strand structure: A Foundations of Language and Mathematics; B Problem Solving and Innovating; C Self-Regulation and Well-Being; D Belonging and Contributing, with 25 overall expectations. Ministry site (dcp.edu.gov.on.ca) is script-rendered and could not be read; strand text read from a school board copy, so rows are UNVERIFIED. Edition 2026 (implementation 2026 to 2027 school year per school boards; announced December 2025). Type: curriculum. Source: https://www.kprschools.ca/learning-and-programs/kindergarten/getting-ready-for-kindergarten/kindergarten-curriculum-2026/

  • Strand A, A1 Oral and Non-Verbal CommunicationONKC2026-A1

    Communicate orally and non-verbally.

    Kindergarten, Year 1 and 2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Strand A, A3 Understanding and Responding to TextsONKC2026-A3

    Understand and respond to a variety of texts by diverse creators, including First Nations, Metis and Inuit creators.

    Kindergarten, Year 1 and 2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • Strand C, C15 Self-RegulationONKC2026-C15

    Demonstrate independence, self-regulation, and a willingness to take on responsibility.

    Kindergarten, Year 1 and 2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • Strand D, D25 Exploring and Creating ArtONKC2026-D25

    Explore and create a variety of art forms, including visual arts.

    Kindergarten, Year 1 and 2, ages 4 to 6 [PreK-K]School

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1 to 8: Language (2023)

Ontario Ministry of Education · 8 standards

Strands A Literacy Connections and Applications, B Foundations of Language, C Comprehension: Understanding and Responding to Texts, D Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts. Replaces Language 2006. Expectations read from the official Curriculum and Resources site content API. Edition 2023. Type: Provincial curriculum policy; all Grades 1 to 8 language programs based on it from September 2023. Source: https://www.dcp.edu.gov.on.ca/en/curriculum/elementary-language/grades/g1-language

  • Strand A: A2 Digital Media LiteracyON-LANG-G1-A2

    demonstrate and apply the knowledge and skills needed to interact safely and responsibly in online environments, use digital and media tools to construct knowledge, and demonstrate learning as critical consumers and creators of media

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand B: B1 Oral and Non-Verbal CommunicationON-LANG-G1-B1

    apply listening, speaking, and non-verbal communication skills and strategies to understand and communicate meaning in formal and informal contexts and for various purposes and audiences

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand B: B1.1 Effective Listening SkillsON-LANG-G1-B1-1

    use effective listening skills, including listening attentively and asking relevant questions, in formal and informal contexts, including conversations and classroom activities

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand C: C1 Knowledge about TextsON-LANG-G1-C1

    apply foundational knowledge and skills to understand a variety of texts, including digital and media texts, by creators with diverse identities, perspectives, and experience

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand C: C2 Comprehension StrategiesON-LANG-G1-C2

    apply comprehension strategies before, during, and after reading, listening to, and viewing a variety of texts, including digital and media texts

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand C: C3.1 Literary DevicesON-LANG-G1-C3-1

    identify simple literary devices, including rhyme, alliteration, and onomatopoeia, and describe how they help communicate meaning

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand D: D2 Creating TextsON-LANG-G1-D2

    apply knowledge and understanding of various text forms and genres to create, revise, edit, and proofread their own texts, using a variety of media, tools, and/or strategies

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand D: D3 Publishing, Presenting, and ReflectingON-LANG-G1-D3

    select suitable and effective media, techniques, and tools to publish and present final texts, and critically analyze how well the texts address various topics

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectation titles recur Grades 1 to 8School

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1 to 8: The Arts (2009)

Ontario Ministry of Education · 7 standards

Strands A Dance, B Drama, C Music, D Visual Arts; each with overall expectations 1 Creating and Presenting, 2 Reflecting, Responding, and Analysing, 3 Exploring Forms and Cultural Contexts. Edition 2009. Type: Provincial curriculum policy; all Grades 1 to 8 arts programs based on it from September 2009. Source: https://www.dcp.edu.gov.on.ca/en/curriculum/elementary-the-arts

  • Grade 1 Music C1.1: sing in unison and play simple accompanimentsON-ARTS-G1-C1-1

    Sing songs in unison and play simple accompaniments, for example a rhythmic ostinato or echo singing.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Music C1.3: compositions for a purpose and audienceON-ARTS-G1-C1-3

    Create compositions for a specific purpose and a familiar audience (for example answering a sung question, accompanying a story).

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Music C1.5: sounds represented by symbolsON-ARTS-G1-C1-5

    Demonstrate understanding that sounds can be represented by symbols, including devised or invented notation.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Strand D Visual Arts: D1 Creating and PresentingON-ARTS-G1-D1

    apply the creative process to produce a variety of two- and three-dimensional art works, using elements, principles, and techniques of visual arts to communicate feelings, ideas, and understandings

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectations Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand D Visual Arts: D1.1 (example names a parade)ON-ARTS-G1-D1-1

    create two- and three-dimensional works of art that express feelings and ideas inspired by personal experiences

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectations Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand D Visual Arts: D2 Reflecting, Responding, and AnalysingON-ARTS-G1-D2

    apply the critical analysis process to communicate feelings, ideas, and understandings in response to a variety of art works and art experiences

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectations Grades 1 to 8School
  • Strand D Visual Arts: D3 Exploring Forms and Cultural ContextsON-ARTS-G1-D3

    demonstrate an understanding of a variety of art forms, styles, and techniques from the past and present, and their social and/or community contexts

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]; same overall expectations Grades 1 to 8School

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1 to 8: Mathematics

Ontario Ministry of Education · 21 standards

Strands A Social-Emotional Learning and Mathematical Processes, B Number, C Algebra (patterns, coding), D Data, E Spatial Sense, F Financial Literacy, with grade-specific codes such as B1.4 and C1.3. Kindergarten is covered by The Kindergarten Program (ONKP2016, already in registry). Parade fit: estimating collections, patterns and pattern rules, tally tables and graphs, matching halves and symmetry, non-standard length units, coordinates, fractions by fair sharing and counting by fractions. Edition 2020. Type: Provincial curriculum policy; expectations mandatory in Ontario publicly funded schools. Source: https://www.dcp.edu.gov.on.ca/en/curriculum/elementary-mathematics

  • Grade 1 B1.4: Whole Numbers: estimate and verify by countingON-MATH-G1-B1-4

    Estimate and verify by counting.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 B1.5: Whole Numbers: count by 1s, 2s, 5s and 10sON-MATH-G1-B1-5

    Count by 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 B1.7: Fractions: halves and fourths in fair sharingON-MATH-G1-B1-7

    Halves and fourths in fair sharing.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 C1.2: Patterns: create and translate patternsON-MATH-G1-C1-2

    Create and translate patterns.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 C1.3: Patterns: pattern rules, predictions, missing elementsON-MATH-G1-C1-3

    Pattern rules, predictions, missing elements.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 D1.2: Data: collect data and organize in tally tablesON-MATH-G1-D1-2

    Collect data and organize in tally tables.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 D1.3: Data: concrete graphs and pictographsON-MATH-G1-D1-3

    Concrete graphs and pictographs.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 E1.3: Geometric Reasoning: matching halvesON-MATH-G1-E1-3

    Matching halves.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 E1.5: Location and Movement: give and follow directionsON-MATH-G1-E1-5

    Give and follow directions.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 E2.2: Attributes: compare and order by lengthON-MATH-G1-E2-2

    Compare and order by length.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 2 B1.3: Whole Numbers: estimate collections to 200ON-MATH-G2-B1-3

    Estimate collections to 200.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 2 D1.3: Data: pictographs, line plots and bar graphsON-MATH-G2-D1-3

    Pictographs, line plots and bar graphs.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 2 E1.1: Geometric Reasoning: lines of symmetryON-MATH-G2-E1-1

    Lines of symmetry.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 2 E2.1: Length: non-standard unitsON-MATH-G2-E2-1

    Non-standard units.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 3 B1.7: Fractions: equivalent fractions in fair sharingON-MATH-G3-B1-7

    Equivalent fractions in fair sharing.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 3 E2.8: Area: non-standard units, gaps and overlapsON-MATH-G3-E2-8

    Non-standard units, gaps and overlaps.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 4 B1.6: Fractions: count by fractionsON-MATH-G4-B1-6

    Count by fractions.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Grade 4 C1.1: Patterns: repeating and growing patternsON-MATH-G4-C1-1

    Repeating and growing patterns.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Grade 4 E1.2: Location and Movement: first-quadrant coordinatesON-MATH-G4-E1-2

    First-quadrant coordinates.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Grade 5 C1.2: Patterns: growing and shrinking patterns with tables and graphsON-MATH-G5-C1-2

    Growing and shrinking patterns with tables and graphs.

    Grade 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Grade 6 E1.3: Location and Movement: four quadrantsON-MATH-G6-E1-3

    Four quadrants.

    Grade 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1 to 8: Science and Technology (2022)

Ontario Ministry of Education · 6 standards

Strand A STEM Skills and Connections across grades, plus Life Systems (B), Matter and Energy (C), Structures and Mechanisms (D), Earth and Space Systems (E); Grade 1 Daily and Seasonal Changes, Grade 3 Soils, Grade 4 Light and Sound. Expectations read from the ministry curriculum API. Edition 2022. Type: Provincial curriculum policy (mandatory for Grades 1 to 8 from September 2022). Source: https://www.dcp.edu.gov.on.ca/en/curriculum/science-technology

  • Grade 1 STEM skills: scientific experimentation processON-ST-G1-A1-2

    Use a scientific experimentation process to conduct investigations (Strand A, all grades).

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Daily and Seasonal Changes: cyclesON-ST-G1-E2-2

    Understand that a cycle is a series of repeating events seen in daily and seasonal changes.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 1 Daily and Seasonal Changes: seasons and weatherON-ST-G1-E2-4

    Describe and compare the four seasons in terms of local weather.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Grade 2 Growth and Changes in Animals: adaptationsON-ST-G2-B2-5

    Describe physical and behavioural adaptations that let animals survive.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Grade 3 Soils in the Environment: erosionON-ST-G3-E2-4

    Explain the process of erosion, its causes and its impact on soils.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Grade 4 Light and Sound: properties of lightON-ST-G4-C2-3

    Describe properties of light, including travelling in a straight path and being absorbed, reflected and refracted.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School

OECD Survey on Social and Emotional Skills (SSES) assessment framework

OECD · 5 standards

Big Five based model: five domains each with three skills, plus compound skills. Assessed ages are 10 and 15; only the age 10 cohort maps to our Grades 3 to 6. Edition 2019 (Education Working Paper No. 207); survey rounds since 2019. Type: Research survey framework; not a curriculum and not a requirement. Source: https://one.oecd.org/document/EDU/WKP(2019)15/En/pdf

  • Big Five domain: CollaborationOECD-SSES-COLLAB

    Skills: empathy; co-operation; trust.

    Assessed at age 10 [Grade 4-5] and age 15School
  • Big Five domain: Emotional regulationOECD-SSES-EMOREG

    Skills: stress resistance; emotional control; optimism.

    Assessed at age 10 [Grade 4-5] and age 15School
  • Big Five domain: Engaging with othersOECD-SSES-ENGAGE

    Skills: energy; assertiveness; sociability.

    Assessed at age 10 [Grade 4-5] and age 15School
  • Big Five domain: Open-mindednessOECD-SSES-OPEN

    Skills: curiosity; creativity; tolerance.

    Assessed at age 10 [Grade 4-5] and age 15School
  • Big Five domain: Task performanceOECD-SSES-TASK

    Skills: self-control; responsibility; persistence.

    Assessed at age 10 [Grade 4-5] and age 15School

Cambridge Primary curriculum (English 0058, Art and Design 0067, Global Perspectives 0838, Wellbeing 0034, Physical Education 0069)

Cambridge University Press and Assessment (Cambridge International Education) · 10 standards

Subject curriculum frameworks with coded learning objectives. The full frameworks and objective codes sit behind the Cambridge Primary support site login, so rows here use the public subject aims. Correction to the brief: Cambridge Primary Wellbeing is subject code 0034; 0072 is Digital Literacy. Edition Current curriculum frameworks as listed on cambridgeinternational.org (checked 2026-10-14). Type: Curriculum adopted by registered Cambridge schools; not a government requirement. Source: https://www.cambridgeinternational.org/programmes-and-qualifications/cambridge-primary/curriculum/

  • Art and Design 0067: see themselves as artistsCAMPRI-AD-ARTIST

    Learners learn to see themselves as artists and become increasingly reflective and independent.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Art and Design 0067: express creative ideas and communicate visuallyCAMPRI-AD-EXPRESS

    Learners develop the skills to express creative ideas and communicate visually.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • English 0058: readers for information and pleasureCAMPRI-EN-READ

    Learners see themselves as readers, engaging with a range of texts for information and pleasure, including texts from different times and cultures.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • English 0058: confident communicators (speaking and listening)CAMPRI-EN-SL

    Learners become confident communicators able to apply reading, writing, speaking and listening in everyday situations.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • English 0058: writers for audiences and purposesCAMPRI-EN-WRITE

    Learners see themselves as writers, using the written word clearly and creatively for different audiences and purposes.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Global Perspectives 0838: research, analysis, evaluation, reflection, collaboration, communicationCAMPRI-GP-SKILLS

    Skills developed through six Challenges a year from personal, local and global perspectives.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Physical Education 0069: learning to move and moving to learnCAMPRI-PE-MOVE

    Learners move with increasing control, fluency and variety through games, gymnastics and dance.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Wellbeing 0034: contribute to the wellbeing of othersCAMPRI-WB-OTHERS

    Learners explore how they can contribute to the wellbeing of others.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Wellbeing 0034: relationships, community and social responsibilityCAMPRI-WB-REL

    Learners explore friendships, family, community and social responsibility.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School
  • Wellbeing 0034: strategies for emotional and physical wellbeingCAMPRI-WB-STRAT

    Learners practise a wide range of strategies for managing their emotional and physical wellbeing.

    Stages 1 to 6, ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School

Realising the Ambition: Being Me. National practice guidance for early years in Scotland

Education Scotland · 3 standards

Birth to starting school and into P1; interactions, experiences and spaces; play pedagogy; families; transitions; schemas. Edition 2020. Type: National practice guidance; not statutory. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/3bjpr3wa/realisingtheambition.pdf

  • Leading through learning together with families (5.4)RTA-FAMILIES

    Distinguishes parental involvement from parental engagement with the child's learning at home, setting or community.

    Birth to early P1, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Interactions, experiences and spacesRTA-IES

    Quality defined through the human environment of interactions, the experiences offered and indoor and outdoor spaces.

    Birth to early P1, age 0 to 5 [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Schemas and early mark making (3.3)RTA-SCHEMAS

    Schematic play such as rotation and trajectory leads to circular marks and early drawing and writing.

    Age 2 to 5 [Toddler to PreK]Early childhood

Curriculum for Excellence: experiences and outcomes, early level

Education Scotland · 2 standards

Early level covers the pre-school years and P1 (about age 3 to 6). Codes such as EXA 0-02a, LIT 0-01c, HWB 0-01a. Edition 2009 consolidated document (curriculum improvement cycle under way). Type: National curriculum guidance for ELC and P1; not statutory in law. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/wpsnskgv/all-experiencesoutcomes18.pdf

  • HWB 0-14a Social wellbeingCFE-HWB-0-14A

    Early level experience and outcome.

    Early level: pre-school to P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • HWB 0-33a Food and health: safe and hygienic practicesCFE-HWB-0-33A

    Early level experience and outcome.

    Early level: pre-school to P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both

A quality improvement framework for the early learning and childcare sectors: early learning and childcare

Education Scotland and Care Inspectorate · 1 standards

Quality indicators under leadership, quality spaces, play and learning, and support to achieve; rights-based (UNCRC). States every setting is required to meet the Health and Social Care Standards. Edition February 2025 (marked pilot phase document). Type: Shared inspection and self-evaluation framework used by the Care Inspectorate and HMIE. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/kooovf1o/a-quality-improvement-framework-for-early-learning-and-childcare-settings.pdf

  • Children experience high-quality spaces: quality, safety and maintenance of spacesSCTQIF-SPACES

    Well-maintained resources and equipment, appropriate risk assessment, rigorous infection prevention and control, benefit-risk approach.

    Birth to school age [Infant to K]Early childhood

Health and Social Care Standards: my support, my life

Scottish Government · 2 standards

Includes child-specific standards on play (1.31, 1.32, 2.27). Edition 2017. Type: National care standards that every registered ELC setting is required to meet (per SCT-QIF). Source: https://www.gov.scot/publications/health-social-care-standards-support-life/pages/4/

  • Standard 1.31: play for childrenHSCS-1-31

    Children's skills, confidence and creativity develop through organised and freely chosen extended play with open-ended materials.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 2.27: children direct their own playHSCS-2-27

    Children choose and direct their play with free access to resources suited to age and stage.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood

Infection Prevention and Control in Childcare Settings (Day Care and Childminding Settings)

Health Protection Scotland (now ARHAI Scotland) · 1 standards

Includes Appendix 10, Keeping toys and equipment clean. Check ARHAI for any newer edition. Edition May 2018. Type: Public health guidance; not statutory. Source: https://rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/media/34spcekw/1_infection-prevention-control-childcare-2018-05.pdf

  • Toys and equipment; Appendix 10 Keeping toys and equipment cleanSCTIPC-TOYS

    Toys must be safe, marked and easily cleaned; clean storage; cleaning methods and frequencies by item.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood

Curriculum for Excellence: Literacy and English experiences and outcomes

Education Scotland · 15 standards

Experiences and outcomes (Es and Os) from early level (ELC and P1, ages 3 to 6) to fourth level, in listening and talking, reading and writing, with Benchmarks (2017) to support judgement. A Curriculum Improvement Cycle is revising the curriculum for teaching from August 2028. Edition 2009. Type: National curriculum guidance; Curriculum for Excellence is not statutory, but it is the national framework all local authority schools use. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/qhxmxnfq/literacy-english-eo.pdf

  • ENG 0-12a / LIT 0-13a / LIT 0-21a: sounds, letters and wordsCFE-ENG-0-12A

    Explore sounds, letters and words and use this to read and write.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • ENG 1-31a: creating stories, poems and playsCFE-ENG-1-31A

    Use what they learn about genre to create stories, poems and plays with interesting structures, characters and settings.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • LIT 0-01a / LIT 0-11a / LIT 0-20a: enjoyment and choiceCFE-LIT-0-01A

    Enjoy exploring and playing with the patterns and sounds of language.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-01b / LIT 0-11b: choosing storiesCFE-LIT-0-01B

    Enjoy choosing stories and texts to watch, read or listen to and share likes and dislikes.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-01c / LIT 0-19a: events and charactersCFE-LIT-0-01C

    Enjoy exploring events and characters in stories and share thoughts in different ways.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-02a / ENG 0-03a: taking turns in talkCFE-LIT-0-02A

    Learn to take turns and when to talk and when to listen.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-09a / LIT 0-26a: sharing experiences and feelingsCFE-LIT-0-09A

    Within real and imaginary situations, share experiences, feelings, ideas and information.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-09b / LIT 0-31a: inventing storiesCFE-LIT-0-09B

    Use what they learn from stories to invent their own and share them imaginatively.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-10a: new words through conversationCFE-LIT-0-10A

    Discover new words and phrases in conversation and use them to express ideas and feelings.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 0-21b: exploring materials for writingCFE-LIT-0-21B

    Enjoy exploring interesting materials for writing and different ways of recording experiences and ideas.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • LIT 1-02a: listening, talking and responding with respectCFE-LIT-1-02A

    Know when and how to listen and talk, ask questions and respond with respect.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • LIT 1-09a: talking for different purposesCFE-LIT-1-09A

    Share information, experiences and opinions; explain; ask questions to clarify.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • LIT 1-11a / LIT 2-11a: reading for enjoyment and choiceCFE-LIT-1-11A

    Regularly select and read texts they enjoy and explain preferences for texts and authors.

    First and second level, age 6 to 11 [Grades 1-6]Both
  • LIT 1-20a / LIT 2-20a: creating texts of choiceCFE-LIT-1-20A

    Enjoy creating texts and select subject, purpose, format and resources for an audience.

    First and second level, age 6 to 11 [Grades 1-6]Both
  • LIT 1-24a: presenting writing with imagesCFE-LIT-1-24A

    Present writing legibly and attractively, combining words, images and other features.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both

Curriculum for Excellence: Expressive arts experiences and outcomes

Education Scotland · 12 standards

Participation in performances and presentations, art and design, dance, drama and music, early to fourth level. Under revision through the Curriculum Improvement Cycle. Edition 2009. Type: National curriculum guidance; not statutory. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/ogyjyehk/expressive-arts-eo.pdf

  • EXA 0-01a / EXA 1-01a / EXA 2-01a: presenting and being an audienceCFE-EXA-0-01A

    Experience presenting or performing for audiences and being part of an audience.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • EXA 0-02a: freedom to create with materialsCFE-EXA-0-02A

    Freedom to discover and choose ways to create images and objects with a variety of materials.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • EXA 0-05a / EXA 1-05a / EXA 2-05a: expressing ideas, thoughts and feelingsCFE-EXA-0-05A

    Inspired by stimuli, express and communicate ideas, thoughts and feelings through art and design.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • EXA 0-07a / EXA 1-07a / EXA 2-07a: responding to artCFE-EXA-0-07A

    Respond to artists' work and give and accept constructive comment on own and others' work.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • EXA 0-12a: drama, role playCFE-EXA-0-12A

    Freedom to explore voice, movement and expression in role play and drama.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • EXA 0-16a: enjoy singing and playing alongCFE-EXA-0-16A

    Early level music: enjoy singing and playing along to music of different styles and cultures.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • EXA 0-17a: playing with sound and rhythmCFE-EXA-0-17A

    Early level: freedom to use voice, instruments and technology to discover and enjoy playing with sound and rhythm.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • EXA 0-18a / 1-18a / 2-18a: express ideas through musical activitiesCFE-EXA-0-18A

    Inspired by stimuli, alone or with others, express and communicate ideas, thoughts and feelings through music.

    Early to second level, ages 3 to 11 [PreK-Grade 5]Both
  • EXA 1-02a: choosing and exploring mediaCFE-EXA-1-02A

    Choose and explore a range of media to create images and objects, discovering their effects.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • EXA 1-03a: visual elementsCFE-EXA-1-03A

    Create and present work using line, shape, form, colour, tone, pattern and texture.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • EXA 1-16a: sing and play while learning about notation and performance directionsCFE-EXA-1-16A

    First level: sing and play music from other styles and cultures with growing confidence and skill, while learning about musical notation and performance directions.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1-3]School
  • EXA 2-02a: experimenting with mediaCFE-EXA-2-02A

    Experiment with a range of media and technologies using understanding of their properties.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 4-6]Both

Curriculum for Excellence: Health and wellbeing experiences and outcomes

Education Scotland · 5 standards

Mental, emotional, social and physical wellbeing; planning for choices and changes; physical education; food and health; relationships, sexual health and parenthood. Edition 2009. Type: National curriculum guidance; the mental, emotional, social and physical wellbeing outcomes are the responsibility of all practitioners. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/5p4dvqvm/health-and-wellbeing-eo.pdf

  • HWB 0-01a to HWB 2-01a: expressing feelingsCFE-HWB-0-01A

    Aware of and able to express feelings and talk about them.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • HWB 0-03a to HWB 2-03a: people to talk toCFE-HWB-0-03A

    Know there are people to talk to and ways to get practical and emotional support.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • HWB 0-05a to HWB 2-05a: building positive relationshipsCFE-HWB-0-05A

    Friendship, caring, sharing, fairness, equality and love build positive relationships.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • HWB 0-08a to HWB 2-08a: people who feel alone or left outCFE-HWB-0-08A

    People can feel alone and left out; learn to give appropriate support.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both
  • HWB 0-13a to HWB 2-13a: contributing to positive changeCFE-HWB-0-13A

    Contribute views, time and talents to bring about positive change in school and community.

    Early to second level, age 3 to 11 [PreK-6]Both

Curriculum for Excellence: Numeracy and mathematics experiences and outcomes

Education Scotland · 28 standards

Used only for counting, pattern, shape, symmetry and data outcomes at early and first level. Edition 2009. Type: National curriculum guidance; not statutory. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/sz2lnh1g/numeracy-maths-eo.pdf

  • MNU 0-01a: estimation and rounding (sense of size and amount)CFE-MNU-0-01A

    Develop a sense of size and amount by exploring and talking with others.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • MNU 0-02a: numbers, counting and sequencesCFE-MNU-0-02A

    Understand numbers represent quantities and use them to count, create sequences and describe order.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • MNU 0-07a: sharing and splitting a wholeCFE-MNU-0-07A

    Share a group into smaller groups and split a whole object into parts.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • MNU 0-11a: everyday items as units of measureCFE-MNU-0-11A

    Use everyday items as units to compare sizes and amounts.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • MNU 0-20a: collecting and displaying informationCFE-MNU-0-20A

    Collect objects and ask questions, organising and displaying findings.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • MNU 0-20b: match and sortCFE-MNU-0-20B

    Match objects and sort by own and others' criteria.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • MNU 1-01a: estimate then checkCFE-MNU-1-01A

    Estimate the answer to a calculation or problem, work it out, then compare with the estimate.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 1-07a: fractions, notation and the number lineCFE-MNU-1-07A

    Show understanding of equal sharing, fraction notation and where simple fractions lie on the number line.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 1-11a: estimate then measureCFE-MNU-1-11A

    Estimate length, weight or capacity using everyday things, then measure.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 1-11b: estimate area by counting squaresCFE-MNU-1-11B

    Estimate the area of a shape by counting squares.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 1-20a: ask and answer questions about data displaysCFE-MNU-1-20A

    Explore how data is presented and ask and answer questions about it.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 1-20b: collect and sort informationCFE-MNU-1-20B

    Collect information and sort it in an organised way.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MNU 2-01a: rounding to estimateCFE-MNU-2-01A

    Use rounding to estimate and judge whether an answer is reasonable.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 9 to 12 [Grades 4 to 6]School
  • MNU 2-20b: investigations and surveysCFE-MNU-2-20B

    Carry out surveys, gather, organise and communicate results with others.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 9 to 12 [Grades 4 to 6]School
  • MTH 0-13a: patternsCFE-MTH-0-13A

    Spot and explore patterns, copy and continue them and create their own.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • MTH 0-16a: investigating shapesCFE-MTH-0-16A

    Enjoy investigating objects and shapes, sorting, describing and being creative with them.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • MTH 0-17a: directions and position in movement and gamesCFE-MTH-0-17A

    Use simple directions and describe positions in movement and games.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]School
  • MTH 0-19a: symmetrical pictures and patternsCFE-MTH-0-19A

    Have fun creating symmetrical pictures and patterns using a range of media.

    Early level, ELC and P1, age 3 to 6 [PreK-K]Both
  • MTH 1-07c: equivalent fractions with picturesCFE-MTH-1-07C

    Show equivalent simple fractions through practical and pictorial work.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 1-13a: repeating patterns and designsCFE-MTH-1-13A

    Continue and devise more involved repeating patterns and designs.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 1-13b: number sequences and the ruleCFE-MTH-1-13B

    Recognise and continue simple number sequences and explain the rule.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 1-16a: 2D shapes and 3D objectsCFE-MTH-1-16A

    Identify, name and describe features of 2D shapes and 3D objects.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 1-18a: grid referencesCFE-MTH-1-18A

    Use grid reference systems to locate and describe position.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 1-19a: symmetryCFE-MTH-1-19A

    Explore symmetry and create and recognise symmetrical pictures, patterns and shapes.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • MTH 1-21a: display data in tables, charts and diagramsCFE-MTH-1-21A

    Display data simply and clearly with tables, charts and diagrams.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1 to 3]School
  • MTH 2-13a: explain and apply the rule of a sequenceCFE-MTH-2-13A

    Explain the rule that generates a sequence and use it to extend the pattern.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 9 to 12 [Grades 4 to 6]School
  • MTH 2-18a: coordinatesCFE-MTH-2-18A

    Use the coordinate system to plot and describe a point on a grid.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 9 to 12 [Grades 4 to 6]School
  • MTH 2-19a: lines of symmetryCFE-MTH-2-19A

    Illustrate lines of symmetry and create and complete symmetrical pictures.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 9 to 12 [Grades 4 to 6]School

Curriculum for Excellence: Sciences experiences and outcomes

Education Scotland · 7 standards

Organisers: Planet Earth (biodiversity, energy, processes of the planet, space), Forces, electricity and waves (including light and sound), Biological systems, Materials, Topical science; early to fourth level. Under revision through the Curriculum Improvement Cycle. Edition 2009. Type: National curriculum guidance; not statutory. Source: https://education.gov.scot/media/hpidflxa/sciences-eo.pdf

  • SCN 0-01a: observing living things over timeCFE-SCI-SCN-0-01A

    Early level: observe living things in the environment over time and notice how they depend on each other.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • SCN 0-05a / 1-05a: how water changes formCFE-SCI-SCN-0-05A

    Investigate how water changes from one form to another and relate findings to everyday experience.

    Early and first level, age 3 to 9 [PreK-Grade 3]Both
  • SCN 0-06a: wonder at the sky; sun, moon and starsCFE-SCI-SCN-0-06A

    Early level: experience the wonder of the sky and link the sun, moon and stars to daily patterns of life.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • SCN 0-15a: exploring materials through creative playCFE-SCI-SCN-0-15A

    Early level: explore different materials through creative play and explain choices.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • SCN 0-20a: talking about science storiesCFE-SCI-SCN-0-20A

    Early level: talk about science stories to build understanding of science and the world.

    Early level, ages 3 to 6 (nursery and P1) [PreK-K]Both
  • SCN 1-06a: observing and recording the sun and moon over timeCFE-SCI-SCN-1-06A

    First level: observe and record the sun and moon at various times and describe patterns and changes.

    First level, P2 to P4, age 6 to 9 [Grades 1-3]School
  • SCN 2-11b: shadows, reflections and mixing coloured lightsCFE-SCI-SCN-2-11B

    Second level: explore reflections, shadow formation and mixing coloured lights, and use light creatively.

    Second level, P5 to P7, age 8 to 11 [Grades 3-5]School

Early READ and the Early Literacy Library

National Library Board Singapore · 1 standards

Age 6 and below; five early literacy practices (playing, talking, singing, reading, writing); four official languages. Source is a 2014 media release; current programme details not re-checked. Edition 2014. Type: National library programme (voluntary). Source: https://nlb.gov.sg/main/about-us/press-room-and-publications/media-releases/2014/singapore-first-early-literacy-library-gives-young-children-a-headstart-on-reading

  • Early READ: reading is fun; five practicesNLB-EARLYREAD-FUN

    Early READ works with parents and pre-school educators for children 6 and below; it promotes five practices (playing, talking, singing, reading and writing), and the early literacy library collection is themed Sense and Sensation, Concepts, Languages, Poetry and Rhymes, and Emergent Reader.

    Age 6 and below [Birth to K]Library

kidsREAD

National Library Board Singapore · 1 standards

Ages 4 to 8, children from lower-income families; volunteer-led reading clubs. Evaluated by Bath/Reading researchers (not opened). Edition 2004 (10-year release 2014). Type: National volunteer reading programme. Source: https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/about-us/press-room-and-publications/media-releases/2014/celebrating-10-years-of-helping-children-from-less-privileged-families-to-develop-a-love-for-reading

  • kidsREAD volunteer reading clubsNLB-KIDSREAD-CLUBS

    Volunteer-run reading clubs for children aged 4 to 8 from lower-income families.

    Ages 4 to 8 [PreK-2]Library

General comment No. 17 (2013) on the right of the child to rest, leisure, play, recreational activities, cultural life and the arts (art. 31)

UN Committee on the Rights of the Child · 6 standards

Defines play, sets out what schools and cultural venues should provide, and names concerns including screen dependence and commercialisation of play. Edition 2013 (CRC/C/GC/17, 17 April 2013). Type: Authoritative interpretation by the treaty body; guidance to States, not itself a treaty. Source: https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?s=CRC/C/GC/17&l=en&t=pdf

  • Para. 14(c): definition of playCRC-GC17-P14C

    Play is initiated, controlled and structured by children, non-compulsory and intrinsically motivated; key characteristics are fun, uncertainty, challenge, flexibility and non-productivity.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Both
  • Para. 27: play especially significant in the early years of schoolingCRC-GC17-P27

    Inclusive play should be facilitated every day through ECEC and school; play is particularly significant in the early years of schooling.

    Birth to 18, emphasis early years [PreK-Grade 2]School
  • Para. 44: commission and display children's creationsCRC-GC17-P44

    Arts and cultural participation needs a child-centred approach that commissions and displays children's creations.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Library
  • Para. 46: concern about dependence on screen-related activitiesCRC-GC17-P46

    Growing dependence on screen-related activities is thought to be associated with reduced physical activity, poor sleep and obesity.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Home
  • Para. 47: concern about marketing and commercialisation of playCRC-GC17-P47

    The Committee is concerned about unregulated toy marketing and products antithetical to creative play, including kits with a pre-determined pattern of activity and established-character storylines.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]Both
  • Para. 58(g): schools should offer active, participatory, playful learning and time for the artsCRC-GC17-P58G

    Schools should allocate time within the curriculum for children to generate cultural and artistic activities and use active, participatory, playful pedagogy, especially in the early years.

    Birth to 18 [all ages]School

International Early Years Curriculum (IEYC)

International Curriculum Association (part of Fieldwork Education Ltd) · 1 standards

Playful, research-informed early years units with parents as partners. Learning goals are subscriber material and were not opened. Edition Current programme (checked 2026-10-14). Type: Commercial curriculum adopted by subscribing settings; not a government requirement. Source: https://internationalcurriculum.com/international-curriculum/early-years/

  • IEYC playful learning with parents as partnersIEYC-PROGRAMME

    Playful learning experiences for ages 2 to 6, child-initiated experiences with sustained shared thinking, and parents as valued partners.

    Ages 2 to 6 [Toddler-K]Early childhood

International Primary Curriculum (IPC)

International Curriculum Association (part of Fieldwork Education Ltd) · 1 standards

Thematic units with Academic and Personal Learning and international mindedness. The Learning Goals matrix and Personal Goals are subscriber material and were not opened; only the public description is used. Edition Current programme (checked 2026-10-14). Type: Commercial curriculum adopted by subscribing schools; not a government requirement. Source: https://internationalcurriculum.com/international-curriculum/primary/

  • IPC Academic and Personal Learning through thematic unitsIPC-PROGRAMME

    Thematic units connecting subjects, with Academic and Personal Learning and an international, global learning focus.

    Ages 5 to 11 [K-Grade 5]School

Great School Libraries campaign

School Library Association and CILIP School Libraries Group, supported by CILIP · 1 standards

Asks: school libraries in the Ofsted framework, a School Library Strategy for England, specific investment. Message: every child deserves a great school library. Edition Ongoing (three-year campaign phases). Type: Advocacy campaign (not a standard). Source: https://www.cilip.org.uk/page/Greatschoollibs

  • Campaign aimGSL-AIM

    Every child deserves a great school library; seeks recognition, strategy and investment.

    School age [K-12]School

SLA Recommendations for Primary School Libraries

School Library Association (UK) · 3 standards

Purpose, staffing, space, stock (10 to 15 items per pupil), budget, wellbeing, media and information literacy. Ages 4 to 11. Edition 2022 (file dated 2024). Type: Professional recommendations (voluntary; school libraries are not statutory in England). Source: https://www.sla.org.uk/common/Uploaded%20files/Resources/Guidance/SLA%20Recommendations%20for%20Primary%20School%20Libraries%202024.pdf

  • Purpose: reading cultureSLA-PRI-PURPOSE

    A primary school library helps build a culture of wider reading and motivated readers.

    Primary, ages 4 to 11 [PreK-5]School
  • Space: supervision ratioSLA-PRI-SUPERVISION

    No more than 30 pupils supervised per staff member present.

    Primary, ages 4 to 11 [PreK-5]School
  • The school library for wellbeingSLA-PRI-WELLBEING

    The library offers a safe space, pupil involvement and pride, clubs and competitions, and individual choice.

    Primary, ages 4 to 11 [PreK-5]School

Summer Reading Challenge

The Reading Agency with public libraries · 1 standards

Ages 4 to 11; children set their own goal, read anything, collect stickers and rewards; medals at select libraries; online certificate. Edition 2026 (Read to the Beat). Type: National library reading programme (voluntary). Source: https://readingagency.org.uk/our-work/summer-reading-challenge/

  • Child sets own goal, free choice of readingTRA-SRC-GOAL

    Children set their own reading goal, read anything they like and collect rewards.

    Ages 4 to 11 [PreK-5]Library

Libraries Connected Universal Library Offers and the Children's Promise

Libraries Connected (Children's Promise developed with ASCEL) · 3 standards

Four offers now listed: Culture and Creativity; Health and Wellbeing; Information and Digital; Reading. A review by Shared Intelligence reshaped the earlier six offers. The Children's Promise underpins each offer; its detailed page could not be re-read reliably (see standards notes). Edition Current page undated; review announced earlier. Type: Sector framework (voluntary). Source: https://librariesconnected.org.uk/page/universal-offers

  • Culture and Creativity OfferLC-ULO-CULTURE

    Enable communities to enjoy high-quality arts and cultural experiences through libraries.

    Children and adults [All ages]Library
  • Health and Wellbeing OfferLC-ULO-HEALTH

    Support community health and wellbeing through services that inform, engage and connect.

    Children and adults [All ages]Library
  • Reading OfferLC-ULO-READING

    Build a literate and confident society through creative reading activities in libraries.

    Children and adults [All ages]Library

UNESCO Framework for Culture and Arts Education

UNESCO (World Conference on Culture and Arts Education, Abu Dhabi) · 3 standards

Five strategic goals for culture and arts education from early childhood care and education onwards, formal and non-formal, explicitly naming libraries as part of the ecosystem. Edition 2024 (adopted 15 February 2024). Type: International policy framework; voluntary, with voluntary four-yearly progress reporting. Source: https://www.unesco.org/sites/default/files/medias/fichiers/2024/02/WCCAE_UNESCO%20Framework_EN.pdf

  • Goal 2 (para. 17): quality, lifelong and lifewide culture and arts education from ECCE onwardUNESCO-CAE-G2

    Mainstream culture and the arts in formal education from early childhood care and education, and in non-formal, community and intergenerational learning.

    Early childhood through adult [all ages]Both
  • Goal 3 (para. 19): appreciation of cultural diversity through self-expression, discovery and experimentationUNESCO-CAE-G3

    Integrate culture across formal, non-formal and informal education, promoting knowledge through self-expression, discovery and experimentation.

    Early childhood through adult [all ages]Community
  • Para. 22: arts education reinforcing reading, writing, speaking and social-emotional skillsUNESCO-CAE-P22

    From ECCE onward, use culture and arts education to build creativity, reinforce literacy and nurture social and emotional skills such as empathy.

    Early childhood through adult [all ages]School

A curriculum for funded non-maintained nursery settings (Curriculum for Wales)

Welsh Government · 6 standards

Five developmental pathways (belonging, communication, exploration, physical development, well-being) with enabling adults, engaging experiences and effective environments. Age 3 to 4 funded nursery. Edition 2022 (page updated 14 January 2025). Type: Statutory-duty curriculum that funded non-maintained settings may adopt; meets the Curriculum for Wales requirements. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/api/storage/1f581142-6b91-41e4-845d-3d6c7765df20/a-curriculum-for-funded-non-maintained-nursery-settings.pdf

  • Developmental pathway: BelongingWALNMN-BELONGING

    Valued member of the setting; connections between home, setting, community and Wales.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Developmental pathway: CommunicationWALNMN-COMMUNICATION

    Listening, attention, vocabulary, stories, rhymes and assigning meaning to marks.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Developmental pathway: ExplorationWALNMN-EXPLORATION

    Curiosity, materials, cause and effect, patterns; adults value process and celebrate effort.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Engaging experiences: mark-makingWALNMN-MARKS

    Varied opportunities to experiment with mark-making instruments and materials; marks carry meaning.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Developmental pathway: Physical developmentWALNMN-PHYSDEV

    Gross and fine motor development through repetition and variety; risk in physical play.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood
  • Developmental pathway: Well-beingWALNMN-WELLBEING

    Feeling connected, secure and safe; recognising and managing feelings.

    Funded nursery, age 3 to 4 [PreK]Early childhood

A Quality Framework for Early Childhood Play, Learning and Care in Wales

Welsh Government · 1 standards

Birth to 5 across childcare, playwork and nursery education; age sections Here I am (0 to 12 months) to Watch me go (3 to 5). Edition 2024 (v2). Type: Government quality framework; guidance. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/api/storage/4901fbbb-6aa2-4412-be18-f73ca2c3c599/a-quality-framework-for-early-childhood-play-learning-and-care-v2.pdf

  • I'm exploring! (1 to 2 years): communication and mark makingWALECPLC-MARKS

    Communicate through daily routines, books, songs and rhyme; exploring and experimenting with marks.

    Age 1 to 2 [Toddler]Early childhood

National Minimum Standards for Regulated Childcare for children up to the age of 12 years

Welsh Government (regulated by Care Inspectorate Wales) · 5 standards

Replaces the November 2023 NMS. Standards on partnership with parents (6), play and learning (7), healthcare (10), equipment (23) and safety (24). Edition 2026 (first published 18 June 2026, updated 23 July 2026). Type: Statutory guidance; registered providers must have regard to it and CIW takes compliance into account. Source: https://www.gov.wales/national-minimum-standards-regulated-childcare-children-age-12-years-statutory-guidance-contents/print

  • Standard 10: HealthcareWALNMS-S10

    Prevent spread of infection; premises and equipment kept clean and hygienic.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 23: EquipmentWALNMS-S23

    Furniture, equipment and toys appropriate, well maintained and conforming to safety standards.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 24: SafetyWALNMS-S24

    Risk assessment of premises; risk-benefit management of activities; supervision.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 6: Working in partnership with parentsWALNMS-S6

    Parents kept informed and involved; regular information about activities including photographs.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 7: Opportunities for play and learningWALNMS-S7

    Freely chosen and self-directed play; funded settings apply Curriculum for Wales principles.

    Birth to 12 [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood

Curriculum for Wales: the four purposes

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 2 standards

The shared vision for every learner: ambitious, capable learners; enterprising, creative contributors; ethical, informed citizens; healthy, confident individuals. Rolled out in primary from September 2022. Edition 2022. Type: Statutory: the four purposes are mandatory under the Curriculum and Assessment (Wales) Act 2021. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/designing-your-curriculum/developing-a-vision-for-curriculum-design/

  • Four purposes: enterprising, creative contributorsCFW-4P-CREATIVE

    Every learner should develop as an enterprising, creative contributor.

    Ages 3 to 16 [PreK-11]Both
  • Four purposes: healthy, confident individualsCFW-4P-HEALTHY

    Every learner should develop as a healthy, confident individual.

    Ages 3 to 16 [PreK-11]Both

Curriculum for Wales: Expressive Arts Area of Learning and Experience

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 6 standards

Three statements of what matters (exploring; responding and reflecting; creating) with descriptions of learning at progression steps 1 to 5, which broadly correspond to ages 5, 8, 11, 14 and 16. Edition 2020. Type: Statements of what matters are mandatory (What Matters Code); descriptions of learning are guidance schools use to design their own curriculum. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/expressive-arts/descriptions-of-learning/

  • Exploring the expressive arts, progression step 1CFW-EXA-SOWM1-PS1

    Explore and experiment with a variety of creative techniques, materials, tools and technologies.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Responding and reflecting, progression step 1CFW-EXA-SOWM2-PS1

    Listen and respond to views about own and others' creative work.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Responding and reflecting, progression step 2CFW-EXA-SOWM2-PS2

    Give and accept feedback as both artist and audience.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Creating, progression step 1CFW-EXA-SOWM3-PS1

    Communicate ideas, feelings and memories in creative work and share it.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Creating, progression step 2CFW-EXA-SOWM3-PS2

    Create own designs and work collaboratively to develop creative ideas.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Creating, progression step 3CFW-EXA-SOWM3-PS3

    Perform, produce, design, exhibit and share work, considering impact on the audience.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grades 4-6]Both

Curriculum for Wales: Languages, Literacy and Communication Area of Learning and Experience

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 8 standards

Four statements of what matters: languages connect us; understanding languages; expressing ourselves; literature fires imagination. Descriptions of learning for Welsh/English, Welsh in English medium, and international languages. Edition 2020. Type: Statements of what matters are mandatory; descriptions of learning are guidance. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/languages-literacy-and-communication/descriptions-of-learning/

  • Understanding languages (reading), progression step 1CFW-LLC-SOWM2-PS1

    Enjoy sharing books and reading materials and handle them like a reader.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Understanding languages (reading aloud), progression step 2CFW-LLC-SOWM2-PS2

    Read aloud with expression, paying attention to punctuation.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Expressing ourselves (writing), progression step 1CFW-LLC-SOWM3-PS1-MARKS

    Communicate by making marks, drawing symbols or writing letters and words.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Expressing ourselves (talk), progression step 1CFW-LLC-SOWM3-PS1-TALK

    Begin to take turns in conversations, following the topic.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Expressing ourselves (writing), progression step 2CFW-LLC-SOWM3-PS2

    Talk to plan writing and write for different purposes and audiences.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Literature fires imagination, progression step 1CFW-LLC-SOWM4-PS1

    Join in with familiar songs, rhymes, stories and poems; retell stories; respond creatively.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Literature fires imagination, progression step 2CFW-LLC-SOWM4-PS2

    Retell stories creatively and adapt literature to create own work.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Literature fires imagination, progression step 3CFW-LLC-SOWM4-PS3

    Use imagination and experiment with language to create own literature; show empathy in response.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grades 4-6]Both

Curriculum for Wales: Health and Well-being Area of Learning and Experience

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 5 standards

Five statements of what matters covering physical health, mental health and emotional well-being, decision-making, social influences and healthy relationships. Edition 2020. Type: Statements of what matters are mandatory; descriptions of learning are guidance. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/health-and-well-being/descriptions-of-learning/

  • Mental health and emotional well-being, progression step 1CFW-HWB-SOWM2-PS1

    Notice and communicate feelings; aware of when others are kind and when they are kind.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Mental health and emotional well-being, progression step 2CFW-HWB-SOWM2-PS2

    Pay attention to others' feelings and think about why they feel that way.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Decision-making, progression step 1CFW-HWB-SOWM3-PS1

    Decisions affect self and others; take part in group decisions.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Social influences, progression step 1CFW-HWB-SOWM4-PS1

    Recognise and follow rules and norms in groups; show care and respect.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Healthy relationships, progression step 2CFW-HWB-SOWM5-PS2

    Make friends and try to resolve disagreements, seeking support when needed.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both

Curriculum for Wales: Mathematics and Numeracy Area of Learning and Experience

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 16 standards

Used only for pattern, shape, symmetry and data descriptions at progression steps 1 and 2. Edition 2020. Type: Statements of what matters are mandatory; descriptions of learning are guidance. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/mathematics-and-numeracy/descriptions-of-learning/

  • Number system, progression step 1: counting reliablyCFW-MN-SOWM1-PS1-COUNT

    Count sets reliably using the counting sequence and one-to-one correspondence.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]School
  • Number system, progression step 1: estimates and comparisonsCFW-MN-SOWM1-PS1-EST

    Use maths language to describe quantities and make estimates and comparisons.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]School
  • Number system, progression step 2: estimate and roundCFW-MN-SOWM1-PS2-EST

    Estimate and round numbers to the nearest 10 and 100 in practical tasks.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Number system, progression step 2: unit fractionsCFW-MN-SOWM1-PS2-FRAC

    Unit fractions as equal parts of a whole, using varied representations.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Number system, progression step 3: number lineCFW-MN-SOWM1-PS3-NUMLINE

    Place integers, decimals and fractions on a number line.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Algebra (patterns), progression step 1CFW-MN-SOWM2-PS1

    Recognise, copy, extend and generalise patterns and sequences.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Algebra, progression step 2: patterns of number and shapeCFW-MN-SOWM2-PS2

    Recognise, copy and generate number sequences and visual patterns.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Algebra, progression step 3: explain and generalise patternsCFW-MN-SOWM2-PS3

    Explain sequences and spatial patterns in words and by generalising.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Geometry and measurement, progression step 1: repeat a unit with no gapsCFW-MN-SOWM3-PS1-MEASURE

    Use objects to measure, repeating one unit without gaps, and compare.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]School
  • Geometry, progression step 1: language of shape through playCFW-MN-SOWM3-PS1-SHAPE

    Explore and compare shapes through investigative play.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]School
  • Geometry (shape and symmetry), progression step 2CFW-MN-SOWM3-PS2

    Explore 2D and 3D shapes and reflective symmetry.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grades 1-3]Both
  • Measurement, progression step 2: non-standard then standard unitsCFW-MN-SOWM3-PS2-MEASURE

    Estimate and measure with non-standard units before standard units.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Geometry, progression step 3: coordinatesCFW-MN-SOWM3-PS3-COORD

    Use coordinates to solve problems involving position, length and shape.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Statistics, progression step 1CFW-MN-SOWM4-PS1

    Investigate, collect and record data found in the environment.

    Progression step 1, broadly age 5 [PreK-K]Both
  • Statistics, progression step 2: tally charts and block graphsCFW-MN-SOWM4-PS2-RECORD

    Sort with Venn and Carroll diagrams; record data in tally charts and block graphs.

    Progression step 2, broadly age 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Statistics, progression step 3: charts of increasing complexityCFW-MN-SOWM4-PS3-CHARTS

    Represent information with tally charts, frequency tables, bar and line graphs.

    Progression step 3, broadly age 11 [Grade 5]School

Curriculum for Wales: Relationships and Sexuality Education (RSE) Code and statutory guidance

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 1 standards

RSE Code sets mandatory, developmentally appropriate learning in three phases (from age 3, from age 7, from age 11). Page last updated January 2024. Edition 2022. Type: Statutory: RSE is mandatory for all learners aged 3 to 16; schools must follow the RSE Code. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/designing-your-curriculum/cross-cutting-themes-for-designing-your-curriculum/

  • RSE Code: mandatory RSE from age 3CFW-RSE-CODE

    RSE is a statutory requirement for all learners aged 3 to 16, set out in three developmental phases.

    Phase 1 from age 3; Phase 2 from age 7 [PreK-6]School

Curriculum for Wales: Science and Technology Area of Learning and Experience

Welsh Government (Hwb) · 3 standards

Six statements of what matters: being curious and searching for answers; design thinking and engineering; living things; matter; forces and energy; computation. Progression steps 1 to 5 (broadly ages 5, 8, 11, 14, 16). First published 30 April 2019. Edition 2020. Type: Statements of what matters are mandatory under the Curriculum and Assessment (Wales) Act 2021; descriptions of learning are guidance. Source: https://hwb.gov.wales/curriculum-for-wales/science-and-technology/statements-of-what-matters/

  • Statement of what matters: being curious and searching for answersCFW-SCT-SWM-CURIOUS

    Curiosity leads learners to ask questions; evidence from observation builds and tests ideas.

    Progression steps 1 to 5, age 3 to 16 [PreK-Grade 10]School
  • Statement of what matters: forces and energyCFW-SCT-SWM-FORCES

    Forces and energy explain the behaviour of everything from matter to the motion of planets and stars.

    Progression steps 1 to 5, age 3 to 16 [PreK-Grade 10]School
  • Statement of what matters: living things depend on each otherCFW-SCT-SWM-LIVING

    Learners recognise the diversity of living things and how they interact with their environment.

    Progression steps 1 to 5, age 3 to 16 [PreK-Grade 10]School

SHAPE America National Physical Education Standards (2024)

SHAPE America · 4 standards

Four-standard 2024 framework (the fourth version, after 1995, 2004, 2013).

  • Standard 1: Motor skillsSHAPE-1

    Develops a variety of motor skills.

    K-12School
  • Standard 2: Movement and fitness conceptsSHAPE-2

    Applies knowledge related to movement and fitness concepts.

    K-12School
  • Standard 3: Social skillsSHAPE-3

    Develops social skills through movement.

    K-12School
  • Standard 4: Personal skills and choosing activitySHAPE-4

    Develops personal skills, identifies personal benefits of movement, and chooses to engage in physical activity.

    K-12School

Library Professional Frameworks (ALA / ALSC / PLA)

ALA / ALSC / PLA · 8 standards

Professional policies, competencies, and outcome tools that authorize and measure a library program. Policy statements, not laws or mandates.

  • Visual and Performing Arts in Libraries (Library Bill of Rights interpretation)LIB-ALA-BOR

    ALA policy: painting and drawing are named visual art forms; the same access standards as books apply to art in libraries.

    All agesBoth
  • ALSC Competencies for Librarians Serving Children in Libraries (2020)LIB-ALSC-COMP

    Seven competency areas for children's library staff, including programming skills and outreach and advocacy.

    Birth-14Library
  • PLA outcome measurement: Summer Reading and Early Childhood Literacy surveysLIB-PLA-SL

    Free standardized adult patron surveys (formerly Project Outcome) on knowledge, confidence, application, and awareness after programs.

    All agesLibrary
  • Services to People with DisabilitiesLIB-ALA-DISABILITY

    Resources should be accessible to people of all ages and abilities; partner with disabled people when planning programs.

    All ages [All ages]Library
  • Economic Barriers to Library Access: fines and feesLIB-ALA-ECON-FINES

    Review fines and fees, including for lost or damaged items, and consider waiving them by ability to pay.

    All ages [All ages]Library
  • Privacy: An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights (minors)LIB-ALA-PRIV-MINORS

    Minors have the same privacy rights as adults; program records are confidential.

    All ages including minors [All ages]Library
  • Privacy in programsLIB-ALA-PRIV-PROGRAMS

    Libraries prioritise privacy when designing and delivering programs.

    All ages including minors [All ages]Library
  • PLA Outcome Measurement for Public Libraries (formerly Project Outcome)LIB-PLA-OUTCOME-2025

    Free patron surveys on knowledge, confidence, application and awareness, now for local use after the platform closed.

    All ages [All ages]Library

School-at-Large Frameworks

Center on MTSS, Center on PBIS, ISTE+ASCD, CAST, National School Climate Center · 5 standards

Program- and practice-level school frameworks (not learner standards): MTSS/PBIS, ASCD Whole Child tenets, ISTE Standards for Students, CAST UDL Guidelines 3.0 (2024), school climate.

  • MTSS / PBIS (tiered supports)ATL-MTSS

    Tiered, schoolwide prevention framework; a parade activity can sit only at Tier 1 (universal, all students).

    --Both
  • Whole Child tenets (ASCD)ATL-WHOLECHILD

    Each child healthy, safe, engaged, supported, and challenged.

    --Both
  • School climateATL-CLIMATE

    The quality and character of school life: relationships, safety, teaching and learning, and the environment people experience.

    --Both
  • ISTE Standards for Students: 1.2 Digital CitizenATL-ISTE

    Students recognize the responsibilities and opportunities of positively contributing to their digital communities.

    --Both
  • UDL Guidelines 3.0 (CAST, 2024)ATL-UDL

    Design multiple means of Engagement, Representation, and Action & Expression so every learner can take part.

    --Both

State requirements

· 74 standards

What each state asks of its schools.

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-AK-addresses-as-14-33-200

    The policy must emphasize positive character traits and values

  • ESSA SQSS indicatorSTATE-AL-addresses-alabama-accountability-system-chronic-absenteeis

    Chronic Absenteeism

  • Character education instructionSTATE-AL-meets-ala-code-16-6b-2-h

    a comprehensive character education program for all grades to consist of not less than ten minutes instruction per day

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-AR-addresses-ark-code-6-18-514-6-car-234-107

    shall adopt policies to prevent bullying

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-AZ-addresses-a-r-s-15-341-a-36

    policies and procedures to prohibit pupils from harassing, intimidating and bullying other pupils

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-CA-addresses-cal-educ-code-234-1

    Adopted a policy that prohibits discrimination, harassment, intimidation, and bullying

  • ESSA indicator: Chronic Absenteeism Indicator (K-8)STATE-CA-addresses-california-school-dashboard

    Chronic Absenteeism Indicator

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-CO-addresses-c-r-s-22-32-109-1-2-a-i-k

    a specific policy concerning bullying prevention and education

  • School climate policySTATE-CT-addresses-c-g-s-10-222cc-b

    shall adopt and implement the Connecticut school climate policy

  • ESSA indicator: Indicator 4 Chronic AbsenteeismSTATE-CT-addresses-next-generation-accountability-system

    Indicator 4: Chronic Absenteeism

  • Bullying policy with school-wide programSTATE-DE-addresses-14-del-c-4164-b-2

    Direction to develop a school-wide bullying prevention program

  • ESSA SQSS indicatorSTATE-DE-addresses-delaware-school-success-framework-on-track-atten

    On-track attendance

  • Civic and character educationSTATE-FL-meets-fla-stat-1003-42-2-t

    Civic and character education on the qualities and responsibilities of patriotism and citizenship, including kindness

  • ESSA indicatorSTATE-GA-addresses-georgia-essa-plan-ccrpi-readiness

    Student Attendance

  • Bullying policySTATE-GA-addresses-o-c-g-a-20-2-751-4-b

    shall adopt a policy that prohibits bullying

  • Bullying discipline ruleSTATE-HI-addresses-har-title-8-chapter-19-8-19-2-8-19-6

    any written, verbal, graphic, or physical act that hurts, harms, humiliates or intimidates a student

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-IA-addresses-iowa-code-280-28-3

    shall adopt a policy declaring harassment and bullying' 'against state and school policy

  • ESSA accountability indicatorSTATE-IA-addresses-iowa-school-performance-profiles-dec-2025

    Chronic Absenteeism and Attendance Growth

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-IL-addresses-105-ilcs-5-22-110

    policies concerning bullying prevention

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-KS-addresses-k-s-a-72-6147-b

    shall adopt a policy to prohibit bullying

  • Bullying prevention educationSTATE-KS-addresses-k-s-a-72-6147-c

    training and education for staff members and students

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-KY-addresses-krs-158-148-5

    The code shall prohibit bullying.

  • Bullying prevention and intervention planSTATE-MA-addresses-m-g-l-c-71-37o-d-1

    a plan to address bullying prevention and intervention

  • ESSA indicator: Chronic AbsenteeismSTATE-MA-addresses-massachusetts-accountability-system

    Chronic Absenteeism

  • ESSA accountability indicatorSTATE-MD-addresses-maryland-report-card-2025

    school quality and student success (including measures of chronic absenteeism and a school survey)

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-MD-addresses-md-code-educ-7-424-1-c

    shall establish a policy prohibiting bullying, harassment, or intimidation at school

  • Bullying prevention education programSTATE-MD-meets-md-code-educ-7-424-1-g-1

    educational bullying, harassment, and intimidation prevention program for students

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-ME-addresses-20-a-m-r-s-6554-1001-15-h

    policies and procedures to address bullying, harassment and sexual harassment

  • ESSA accountability indicatorSTATE-ME-addresses-maine-essa-plan

    Chronic Absenteeism (K-12)

  • ESSA indicator: K-12 On Track Attendance (Chronic Absenteeism)STATE-MI-addresses-michigan-school-index

    K-12 On Track Attendance (Chronic Absenteeism)

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-MN-addresses-minn-stat-121a-031-subd-3

    a written policy to prevent and prohibit student bullying

  • ESSA accountability indicatorSTATE-MN-addresses-minnesota-north-star

    Consistent Attendance

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-MO-addresses-rsmo-160-775-1

    Every district shall adopt an antibullying policy

  • Bullying education for studentsSTATE-MO-addresses-rsmo-160-775-4-7-c

    education and information to students regarding bullying

  • Anti-bullying statuteSTATE-MT-addresses-mca-20-5-209

    Bullying of a student enrolled in a public K-12 school by another student or an employee is prohibited

  • Character education instructionSTATE-NC-meets-n-c-g-s-115c-81-60-a

    character education instruction

  • ESSA school quality indicatorSTATE-ND-addresses-nd-school-accountability-calculation-guide-2025

    Student Engagement

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-ND-addresses-ndcc-15-1-19-18

    Each school district shall adopt a policy

  • Bullying prevention programsSTATE-ND-meets-ndcc-15-1-19-20

    bullying prevention programs to all students from kindergarten through grade twelve

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-NE-addresses-neb-rev-stat-79-2-137

    a policy concerning bullying prevention and education for all students

  • ESSA school quality indicatorSTATE-NE-addresses-nebraska-essa-plan-01-03-25

    Chronic Absenteeism and Science Achievement

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-NH-addresses-rsa-193-f-4-ii

    adopt a written policy prohibiting bullying and cyberbullying

  • Bullying prevention educational programsSTATE-NH-meets-rsa-193-f-5-i-b

    Educational programs for pupils and parents in preventing, identifying, responding to, and reporting incidents of bullying

  • ESSA indicatorSTATE-NJ-addresses-nj-essa-plan-approved-2025-05-27

    Chronic absenteeism

  • Bullying-prevention instructionSTATE-NJ-meets-n-j-s-a-18a-37-29

    Week of Respect

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-NM-addresses-nmsa-22-35-3-6-12-7-8-nmac

    shall adopt and enforce policies

  • Annual bullying prevention programSTATE-NM-meets-nmsa-22-35-4-a-1-6-12-7-9-a-1-nmac

    an annual bullying prevention program for students

  • Safe and respectful learning environment policySTATE-NV-addresses-nrs-388-133-nrs-388-134

    a safe and respectful learning environment

  • Week of RespectSTATE-NV-meets-nrs-388-1395-nrs-236-073

    Week of Respect

  • Bullying policySTATE-NY-addresses-n-y-educ-law-13

    policies, procedures and guidelines

  • ESSA indicatorSTATE-NY-addresses-nysed-essa-plan-8-nycrr-100-21

    Attendance

  • Dignity Act instructionSTATE-NY-meets-8-nycrr-100-2-c-2

    instruction that supports development of a school environment free of harassment, bullying, and/or discrimination

  • Character education instructionSTATE-NY-meets-n-y-educ-law-801-a

    civility, citizenship and character education

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-OH-addresses-ohio-rev-code-3313-666-b

    shall establish a policy prohibiting harassment, intimidation, or bullying

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-OK-addresses-70-o-s-24-100-4

    for the investigation of reported incidents of bullying

  • ESSA school quality indicatorSTATE-OR-addresses-ode-accountability-details-manual-2024-25

    Regular Attenders

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-OR-addresses-ors-339-356

    adopt a policy prohibiting harassment, intimidation or bullying and prohibiting cyberbullying

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-PA-addresses-24-p-s-13-1303-1-a

    Each school entity shall adopt a policy ... relating to bullying and cyberbullying

  • ESSA indicator: Regular AttendanceSTATE-PA-addresses-future-ready-pa-index

    Regular Attendance

  • State anti-bullying lawSTATE-RI-addresses-r-i-gen-laws-16-21-33-and-16-21-34

    statewide bullying policy

  • State character education lawSTATE-SC-addresses-s-c-code-59-17-135

    must develop a policy addressing character education

  • State anti-bullying lawSTATE-SD-addresses-sdcl-13-32-14-to-13-32-19

    shall follow the model bullying policy

  • State character education lawSTATE-SD-meets-sdcl-13-33-6-1

    character development instruction shall be given in all public and nonpublic elementary and secondary schools

  • Bullying policySTATE-TX-addresses-tex-educ-code-37-0832-c

    shall adopt a policy

  • Bullying-prevention instructionSTATE-TX-addresses-tex-educ-code-37-0832-c-1-3

    instruction on building relationships and preventing bullying, including cyberbullying

  • ESSA indicatorSTATE-VA-addresses-virginia-school-performance-and-support-framewor

    Chronic Absenteeism

  • Character education programSTATE-VA-meets-va-code-22-1-208-01-a

    a character education program

  • Harassment hazing and bullying prevention policiesSTATE-VT-addresses-16-v-s-a-570-b

    harassment, hazing, and bullying prevention policies

  • Anti-bullying policySTATE-WA-addresses-rcw-28a-600-477-1-a

    a policy and procedure prohibiting harassment, intimidation, and bullying of any student

  • ESSA indicator: Regular AttendanceSTATE-WA-addresses-washington-school-improvement-framework

    Regular Attendance

  • State anti-bullying lawSTATE-WI-addresses-wis-stat-118-46

    shall adopt a policy prohibiting bullying by pupils

  • ESSA indicatorSTATE-WV-addresses-wv-balanced-scorecard-indicator-fact-sheet

    Attendance

  • State character education lawSTATE-WV-meets-w-va-code-18-2-13

    integrate character education into all aspects of school culture, school functions and existing curriculum

  • State anti-bullying lawSTATE-WY-addresses-w-s-21-4-311-to-21-4-315

    shall adopt a policy prohibiting harassment, intimidation or bullying at school

New York State Learning Standards for the Arts (2017)

NYSED · 11 standards

Eleven anchor standards in four artistic processes, shared by dance, media arts, music, theater, and visual arts. Board of Regents approved September 2017; implemented from July 1, 2018. Parade fit: Visual Arts, some Media Arts.

  • Creating: Anchor Standard 1NYARTS-ANCHOR-1

    Children come up with and shape ideas for their own artwork.

    PreK-12School
  • Connecting: Anchor Standard 10NYARTS-ANCHOR-10

    Children draw on what they know and have lived to make art.

    PreK-12School
  • Connecting: Anchor Standard 11NYARTS-ANCHOR-11

    Children explore how society, culture, and history shape art, and how art shapes cultures.

    PreK-12School
  • Creating: Anchor Standard 2NYARTS-ANCHOR-2

    Children plan and develop their artistic ideas and work.

    PreK-12School
  • Creating: Anchor Standard 3NYARTS-ANCHOR-3

    Children revise and finish a piece of artwork.

    PreK-12School
  • Performing/Presenting/Producing: Anchor Standard 4NYARTS-ANCHOR-4

    Children choose and prepare artwork to share, thinking about how it will be shown.

    PreK-12School
  • Performing/Presenting/Producing: Anchor Standard 5NYARTS-ANCHOR-5

    Children build and refine their skills and work in preparation for sharing it.

    PreK-12School
  • Performing/Presenting/Producing: Anchor Standard 6NYARTS-ANCHOR-6

    Children share artwork in a way that communicates meaning to an audience.

    PreK-12School
  • Responding: Anchor Standard 7NYARTS-ANCHOR-7

    Children look closely at artwork and describe and analyze what they notice.

    PreK-12School
  • Responding: Anchor Standard 8NYARTS-ANCHOR-8

    Children interpret the meaning in artwork.

    PreK-12School
  • Responding: Anchor Standard 9NYARTS-ANCHOR-9

    Children use criteria to judge artwork.

    PreK-12School

New York State SEL Benchmarks (voluntary)

NYSED · 3 standards

Three goals with benchmarks 1A-1C, 2A-2D, 3A-3C, revised November 2022, for voluntary implementation. Never 'requires' or 'meets'; never '2018 Benchmarks'.

  • Goal 1: Self-awareness and identityNYSEL-GOAL-1

    Voluntary NYSED goal on self-awareness: understanding emotions and how they relate to actions, reflecting on identity, and working toward personal and academic goals.

    K-12School
  • Goal 2: Social awareness and relationshipsNYSEL-GOAL-2

    Voluntary NYSED goal on social awareness and relationships: empathy, communication across differences, and preventing or resolving conflicts.

    K-12School
  • Goal 3: Decision-makingNYSEL-GOAL-3

    Voluntary NYSED goal on decision-making that considers safety and well-being, and on taking action to support school and community.

    K-12School

California Preschool/Transitional Kindergarten Learning Foundations (PTKLF)

California Department of Education · 16 standards

Nine domains (Approaches to Learning; Social and Emotional; Foundational Language Development; English Language Development; Mathematics; Science; Physical Development; Health; History-Social Science; Visual and Performing Arts) with Early (3 to 4 1/2) and Later (4 to 5 1/2) levels. Replaces the 2008 to 2012 Preschool Learning Foundations. Edition year: 2023 per the brief and common usage; the CDE page opened does not print a year and the At-a-Glance PDF metadata is 2024. Edition 2023. Type: Voluntary state foundations describing what most children ages 3 to 5 and a half can achieve with high-quality support; not a curriculum. Source: https://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/cd/re/psfoundations.asp

  • English Language Development 3.2: Participating in Read-Aloud ActivitiesCAPTKLF-ELD-3-2

    Engage in read-aloud activities with English-language books and communicate about the content of the books.

    Preschool and TK, ages 3 to 5 1/2 [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 1.6: Constructing NarrativesCAPTKLF-FLD-1-6

    Use language to construct real or fictional extended narratives that have several details or a plotline.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 1.8: Participating in ConversationsCAPTKLF-FLD-1-8

    Participate in increasingly long and complex back-and-forth conversations with adults and peers.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 3.1: Demonstrating Interest in Literacy ActivitiesCAPTKLF-FLD-3-1

    Demonstrate interest in and engagement with literacy and literacy-related activities for progressively extended periods of time and with increasing independence.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 3.2: Understanding StoriesCAPTKLF-FLD-3-2

    Demonstrate understanding of details in a story, including knowledge of characters, events, and ordering of events,

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 4.1: Developing Fine Motor Skills in WritingCAPTKLF-FLD-4-1

    Adjust grasp and body position for increased control in drawing and writing.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Foundational Language Development 4.3: Dictating Thoughts and Ideas to Be Conveyed in WritingCAPTKLF-FLD-4-3

    Demonstrate interest in conveying extended thoughts and ideas in writing, engaging the help of an adult.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Mathematics 1.2: One-to-One CorrespondenceCAPTKLF-MATH-1-2

    Count ten objects or more using one-to-one correspondence (one object for each number word).

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Mathematics 2.6: Recognizing, Duplicating, and Extending PatternsCAPTKLF-MATH-2-6

    Explore, extend, and duplicate a variety of repeating patterns (for example, AABBAABB, ABCABC) with adult support.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Mathematics 4.1: Identifying Two-Dimensional ShapesCAPTKLF-MATH-4-1

    Identify, describe, and construct different shapes including variations of circle, square, triangle, rectangle, and other shapes.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development 1.8: Empathy and CaringCAPTKLF-SED-1-8

    Respond to others' distress and needs with sympathetic caring and assistance by comforting and helping others,

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development 3.1: Interacting and Cooperating with PeersCAPTKLF-SED-3-1

    More actively and intentionally interact and cooperate with peers in daily learning and play activities.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Visual and Performing Arts 1.3: Drawing or Painting Lines and CurvesCAPTKLF-VPA-1-3

    Use straight and curved marks and lines, circles, and other shapes with increased precision and detail

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Visual and Performing Arts 1.5: Using Visual Arts MaterialsCAPTKLF-VPA-1-5

    Use a range of materials more intentionally to create two-dimensional art (such as drawings or paintings)

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Visual and Performing Arts 1.9: Creating Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional RepresentationsCAPTKLF-VPA-1-9

    Create two-dimensional and three-dimensional pieces of visual art that often include a combination of objects, figures, and people to illustrate a story or scene,

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood
  • Visual and Performing Arts 3.5: Engaging in Role-PlayCAPTKLF-VPA-3-5

    Engages in role-play (representing a person, animal, or character) using a wider range of voices, movements, and gestures.

    Preschool and TK, Later level, 4 to 5 1/2 years [PreK-TK]Early childhood

California Arts Standards for Public Schools, Prekindergarten Through Grade Twelve (2019)

California State Board of Education; California Department of Education · 13 standards

Dance, media arts, music, theatre and visual arts, built on the National Core Arts Standards structure (Cr, Pr, Re, Cn). Visual arts performance standards are listed for PK, K and grades 1 to 8 plus three high school levels. There is no separate TK column; TK classrooms would use the PK or K expectations. Edition 2019. Type: State-adopted content standards (SBE adopted January 9, 2019); voluntary to teach to, curriculum chosen locally. Source: https://www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/caartsstandards.pdf

  • Visual Arts 1.VA:Cr1.1CAARTS-1-VA-CR1-1

    Engage collaboratively in exploration and imaginative play with various arts materials.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • Visual Arts 2.VA:Cn10CAARTS-2-VA-CN10

    Create works of art about events in home, school, or community life.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Visual Arts 3.VA:Cr2.1CAARTS-3-VA-CR2-1

    Create personally satisfying artwork using a variety of artistic processes and materials.

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Visual Arts 3.VA:Pr5CAARTS-3-VA-PR5

    Identify exhibit space and prepare works of art, including artists' statements, for presentation.

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Visual Arts 4.VA:Cr3CAARTS-4-VA-CR3

    Revise artwork in progress on the basis of insights gained through peer discussion.

    Grade 4 [Grade 4]School
  • Visual Arts 5.VA:Cr3CAARTS-5-VA-CR3

    Use art vocabulary to describe personal choices in artmaking and in creating artist statements.

    Grade 5 [Grade 5]School
  • Visual Arts 6.VA:Cr2.1CAARTS-6-VA-CR2-1

    Demonstrate openness in trying new ideas, materials, methods, and approaches in making works of art and design.

    Grade 6 [Grade 6]School
  • Visual Arts K.VA:Cn10CAARTS-K-VA-CN10

    Create art that tells a story about a life experience.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Visual Arts K.VA:Cr1.1CAARTS-K-VA-CR1-1

    Engage in exploration and imaginative play with various arts materials.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Visual Arts PK.VA:Cr1.1CAARTS-PK-VA-CR1-1

    Engage in self-directed or collaborative exploration with a variety of arts materials.

    Prekindergarten [PreK-TK]Both
  • Visual Arts PK.VA:Cr2.1CAARTS-PK-VA-CR2-1

    Use a variety of art-making tools.

    Prekindergarten [PreK-TK]Both
  • Visual Arts PK.VA:Cr3CAARTS-PK-VA-CR3

    Share and talk about personal artwork.

    Prekindergarten [PreK-TK]Both
  • Visual Arts PK.VA:Pr6CAARTS-PK-VA-PR6

    Identify where art is displayed, both inside and outside of school.

    Prekindergarten [PreK-TK]Both

Florida's B.E.S.T. Standards for English Language Arts (Benchmarks for Excellent Student Thinking)

Florida Department of Education · 12 standards

Benchmarks coded ELA.grade.strand.standard.benchmark, for example ELA.K.C.1.2, with K12 Expectations (ELA.K12.EE). The PDF opened shows 2025 on the cover; the B.E.S.T. ELA standards were first adopted in 2020 (adoption year not re-checked this session). Edition 2025. Type: State-adopted K to 12 standards for Florida public schools. Source: https://www.fldoe.org/core/fileparse.php/7539/urlt/elabeststandardsfinal.pdf

  • Communication: narratives (ELA.1.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-1-C-1-2

    Write narratives that retell two or more appropriately sequenced events, including relevant details and a sense of closure.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • Reading: retell orally or in writing (ELA.1.R.3.2)FLBEST-ELA-1-R-3-2

    Retell a text in oral or written form to enhance comprehension:

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • Communication: personal or fictional narratives (ELA.2.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-2-C-1-2

    Write personal or fictional narratives using a logical sequence of events, transitions, and an ending.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Reading: retell (ELA.2.R.3.2)FLBEST-ELA-2-R-3-2

    Retell a text to enhance comprehension:

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Communication: narratives (ELA.3.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-3-C-1-2

    Write personal or fictional narratives using a logical sequence of events, appropriate descriptions,

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Communication: oral presentation (ELA.3.C.2.1)FLBEST-ELA-3-C-2-1

    Present information orally, in a logical sequence, using nonverbal cues, appropriate volume, and clear pronunciation.

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Communication: narratives (ELA.4.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-4-C-1-2

    Write personal or fictional narratives using a logical sequence of events and demonstrating an effective use of techniques

    Grade 4 [Grade 4]School
  • Communication: narratives (ELA.5.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-5-C-1-2

    Write personal or fictional narratives using a logical sequence of events and demonstrating an effective use of techniques

    Grade 5 [Grade 5]School
  • Communication: narratives by drawing, dictating or writing (ELA.K.C.1.2)FLBEST-ELA-K-C-1-2

    Using a combination of drawing, dictating, and/or writing, create narratives with the events in chronological order.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Communication: present orally (ELA.K.C.2.1)FLBEST-ELA-K-C-2-1

    Present information orally using complete sentences.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Reading: describe characters, setting and events (ELA.K.R.1.1)FLBEST-ELA-K-R-1-1

    Describe the main character(s), setting, and important events in a story.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Reading: retell orally (ELA.K.R.3.2)FLBEST-ELA-K-R-3-2

    Retell a text orally to enhance comprehension:

    Kindergarten [K]School

Caring for Our Children: National Health and Safety Performance Standards; Guidelines for Early Care and Education Programs (4th ed.)

American Academy of Pediatrics, American Public Health Association, National Resource Center for Health and Safety in Child Care and Early Education · 5 standards

National health and safety performance standards for early care and education. Used here for toy cleaning, art materials, hand hygiene and small parts. Not law unless a state adopts it. Edition 2019 (4th ed. PDF, June 2019); NRC says the online database is more current. Type: guidance. Source: https://nrckids.org/CFOC

  • Standard 3.2.2.1 Situations that Require Hand HygieneCFOC4-3-2-2-1

    Lists times for hand hygiene (arrival, food, diapering, toileting, bodily fluids, sand and outdoor play).

    Birth to school age in child care [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 3.3.0.1 Routine Cleaning, Sanitizing, and DisinfectingCFOC4-3-3-0-1

    Follow a routine schedule (Appendix K); keep products away from children and ventilate.

    Birth to school age in child care [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 3.3.0.2 Cleaning and Sanitizing ToysCFOC4-3-3-0-2

    Toys that cannot be cleaned and sanitized should not be used; mouthed toys are set aside and cleaned; toys are not shared between infant or toddler groups unless washed and sanitized.

    Infants and toddlers in child care [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood
  • Standard 5.2.9.7 Proper Use of Art and Craft MaterialsCFOC4-5-2-9-7

    Use ACMI-approved, ASTM D4236-labeled art materials, supervise closely, store in labeled original containers, no eating or drinking during art.

    Birth to school age in child care [Infant to Grade 6]Early childhood
  • Standard 6.4.1.2 Inaccessibility of Toys or Objects to Children Under Three Years of AgeCFOC4-6-4-1-2

    Small objects, toys and toy parts for children under 3 should meet the federal small parts standard; objects that fail it (small parts, small balls, coins, balloons, marbles and similar) should not be accessible to children under 3; choking on small parts occurs throughout the preschool years.

    Under 3 [Infant-Toddler]Early childhood

Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) Position Statement

National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) · 6 standards

Nine principles of child development and learning and six guidelines for practice, birth to age 8. Professional position statement, not a law. Edition 2020 (adopted 2020; also published in the 2022 fourth edition DAP book). Type: professional. Source: https://www.naeyc.org/resources/position-statements/dap/contents

  • Guideline 1, item A: each member of the community is valuedNAEYC-DAP-G1A

    Creating a caring, equitable community of learners.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both
  • Guideline 2, item B: two-way communication with familiesNAEYC-DAP-G2B

    Regular, frequent, two-way communication with families.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both
  • Guideline 4, item D.2: meaningful choicesNAEYC-DAP-G4D2

    Educators consistently give children meaningful choices, not only as a reward for finishing other work.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both
  • Guideline 4, item E.7: specific feedback rather than generic praiseNAEYC-DAP-G4E7

    Educators avoid generic praise and give specific feedback.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both
  • Principle 3: PlayNAEYC-DAP-P3

    Play promotes joyful learning that builds self-regulation, language, cognitive and social competencies and content knowledge.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both
  • Principle 9: Technology used responsibly and intentionallyNAEYC-DAP-P9

    Technology can support learning when used intentionally but should not replace hands-on experience.

    Birth to age 8 [Infant to Grade 3]Both

NAEYC Early Learning Program Accreditation Standards

National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) · 5 standards

Ten standards (Relationships through Leadership and Management) used in voluntary national accreditation of early learning programs. Edition Ten program standards (2019 article); assessment items version 2026.2 from September 1, 2026. Type: professional. Source: https://www.naeyc.org/node/3171

  • Standard 1: RelationshipsNAEYC-ACC-1

    The program promotes positive relationships to build each child's sense of worth and belonging.

    Birth to kindergarten [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 2: CurriculumNAEYC-ACC-2

    Curriculum promotes social, emotional, physical, language and cognitive learning.

    Birth to kindergarten [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 5: HealthNAEYC-ACC-5

    The program promotes nutrition and health and protects children and staff from illness.

    Birth to kindergarten [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 7: FamiliesNAEYC-ACC-7

    The program maintains collaborative relationships with each child's family.

    Birth to kindergarten [Infant to K]Early childhood
  • Standard 9: Physical EnvironmentNAEYC-ACC-9

    Safe and healthful, well-maintained environments with equipment and materials for learning.

    Birth to kindergarten [Infant to K]Early childhood

New York State Next Generation English Language Arts Learning Standards (Revised 2017)

New York State Education Department (NYSED) · 27 standards

PreK to grade 12, coded by grade and strand (for example PKR2, KW3, 2SL4). Includes 'Lifelong Practices of Readers and Writers'. Replaces the 2011 P-12 Common Core Learning Standards. Parade fit: read-aloud, retelling, response through artwork, narrative writing, speaking and listening. Edition 2017. Type: State learning standards adopted by the NYS Board of Regents for public schools; curriculum chosen locally. Source: https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/curriculum-instruction/nys-next-generation-ela-standards.pdf

  • Speaking and Listening: visual displaysNYELA-1SL5

    Students create or use visual displays to clarify ideas, thoughts and feelings.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Writing: narrativesNYELA-1W3

    Students write narratives recounting real or imagined events.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Writing: create a responseNYELA-1W4

    Students respond to a text, author, theme or experience, for example with a poem, drama or artwork.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • Speaking and Listening: describe with relevant detailsNYELA-2SL4

    Students describe people, places, things and events with relevant details and feelings.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Writing: narratives with detail and orderNYELA-2W3

    Students write narratives with details, temporal words and closure.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Writing: create a responseNYELA-2W4

    Students respond to a text, author, theme or experience, for example with a poem, play, story or artwork.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • Speaking and Listening: tell a story or recount an experienceNYELA-3SL4

    Students report, tell a story or recount an experience clearly with relevant detail.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Writing: narrativesNYELA-3W3

    Students write narratives with effective technique, descriptive detail and clear sequence.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • Writing: narrativesNYELA-4W3

    Students write narratives with effective technique, descriptive detail and clear sequence.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Speaking and Listening: collaborative discussionNYELA-5SL1

    Students take part in collaborative discussions and build on others' ideas.

    Grade 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Writing: narrativesNYELA-5W3

    Students write narratives with effective techniques, descriptive detail and clear sequence.

    Grade 5, age 10 to 11 [Grade 5]School
  • Writing: narrativesNYELA-6W3

    Students write narratives with effective techniques, descriptive detail and sequencing.

    Grade 6, age 11 to 12 [Grade 6]School
  • Reading: retell stories or share key detailsNYELA-KR2

    Children retell a story or share key details from a book.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Reading: make connectionsNYELA-KR9

    Children connect a book to themselves and the world.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Speaking and Listening: describe with detailNYELA-KSL4

    Children describe familiar people, places, things and events with detail.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Speaking and Listening: visual displaysNYELA-KSL5

    Children make or use visual displays to support what they describe.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Writing: narrate events in sequenceNYELA-KW3

    Children tell events in order by drawing, dictating, talking or early writing.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Writing: create a response to a text or experienceNYELA-KW4

    Children respond to a book or an experience through drama, artwork or a poem.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Lifelong Practices of Readers and WritersNYELA-LPRW

    NY's ELA standards open with practices of readers, for example reading often, widely, for learning and for pleasure.

    PreK to grade 12 [PreK-12]Both
  • Reading: participate in discussions about a textNYELA-PKR1

    Children take part in talk about a book read with them.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Reading: retell stories or share informationNYELA-PKR2

    Children retell a story or share information from a book.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Reading: illustrations and textNYELA-PKR7

    Children describe how the pictures relate to the words in a book.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Speaking and Listening: collaborative conversationsNYELA-PKSL1

    Children talk with peers and adults in small and large groups and during play.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Speaking and Listening: create a visual displayNYELA-PKSL5

    Children make a visual display, such as a drawing.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Speaking and Listening: express thoughts, feelings and ideasNYELA-PKSL6

    Children express their thoughts, feelings and ideas.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Writing: narrate events in sequenceNYELA-PKW3

    Children tell what happened, in order, by drawing, dictating, talking or early writing.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Writing: create a response to a text or experienceNYELA-PKW4

    Children respond to a book or an experience through drama, artwork or a poem.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both

New York State Next Generation Mathematics Learning Standards (2017, updated June 2019)

New York State Education Department (NYSED) · 15 standards

PreK to grade 12. Parade fit is narrow: PreK and K counting, patterns, sorting and shapes (NY-PK.CC, NY-PK.OA.2, NY-PK.MD.2, NY-PK.G, NY-K.CC.5, NY-K.OA.6, NY-K.G). Edition 2019. Type: State learning standards adopted by the NYS Board of Regents for public schools; curriculum chosen locally. Source: https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/standards-instruction/nys-next-generation-mathematics-p-12-standards.pdf

  • NY-1.MD.2 Measurement and Data: same-size length unitsNYMATH-1-MD-2

    Same-size length units.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • NY-1.MD.4 Measurement and Data: data with up to three categoriesNYMATH-1-MD-4

    Data with up to three categories.

    Grade 1, age 6 to 7 [Grade 1]School
  • NY-2.MD.10 Measurement and Data: picture graph and bar graphNYMATH-2-MD-10

    Picture graph and bar graph.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • NY-2.MD.6 Measurement and Data: number lineNYMATH-2-MD-6

    Number line.

    Grade 2, age 7 to 8 [Grade 2]School
  • NY-3.G.2 Geometry: equal areas as unit fractionsNYMATH-3-G-2

    Equal areas as unit fractions.

    Grade 3, age 8 to 9 [Grade 3]School
  • NY-4.G.3 Geometry: line of symmetryNYMATH-4-G-3

    Line of symmetry.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • NY-4.OA.5 Operations and Algebraic Thinking: patterns from a ruleNYMATH-4-OA-5

    Patterns from a rule.

    Grade 4, age 9 to 10 [Grade 4]School
  • Counting and Cardinality: answer how manyNYMATH-K-CC-5

    Children count up to 20 objects in a line, array or circle and count out a given number.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Geometry: model objects with shapesNYMATH-K-G-5

    Children model objects by building and drawing shapes.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • NY-K.MD.3 Measurement and Data: classify and count by categoryNYMATH-K-MD-3

    Classify and count by category.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Operations and Algebraic Thinking: patternsNYMATH-K-OA-6

    Children duplicate, extend and create simple patterns with objects.

    Kindergarten, age 5 to 6 [K]School
  • Counting and Cardinality: count to 20NYMATH-PK-CC-1

    Children count to 20.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Geometry: name shapesNYMATH-PK-G-2

    Children name shapes regardless of size.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Measurement and Data: sort and countNYMATH-PK-MD-2

    Children sort objects and shapes into categories and count each group.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Operations and Algebraic Thinking: simple patternsNYMATH-PK-OA-2

    Children copy and extend simple patterns with objects.

    PreK, age 4 [PreK]Both

Resource Guides for School Success: The Prekindergarten Early Learning Standards (New York State Prekindergarten Learning Standards, NYSPLS)

New York State Education Department (NYSED), Office of Early Learning and Office of Curriculum and Instruction · 14 standards

Consolidates all PreK standards in five domains: 1 Approaches to Learning; 2 Physical Development and Health; 3 Social and Emotional Learning; 4 Communication, Language and Literacy (Parts A and B); 5 Cognition and Knowledge of the World (math, science, social studies, arts, technology). Cover dated 2019; web file revised 2021. Updates the 2012 PreK Foundation for the Common Core. Edition 2019. Type: State learning standards for four-year-old prekindergarten; the guide says it is not a curriculum, checklist or assessment. Source: https://www.nysed.gov/sites/default/files/programs/early-learning/pk-standards-resource-web-revised-2021.pdf

  • Domain 1: Approaches to LearningNYPLS-D1

    How children get involved in learning: play, problem solving, creativity, curiosity and persistence.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Domain 2: Physical Development and HealthNYPLS-D2

    Senses, large and small muscles, fitness, hygiene and safety.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Domain 3: Social and Emotional LearningNYPLS-D3

    Self-regulation, self-awareness, relationships with adults and peers, routines and adapting to change.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Domain 4: Communication, Language and LiteracyNYPLS-D4

    Part A approaches to communication and Part B English language arts and literacy.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Domain 5: Cognition and Knowledge of the WorldNYPLS-D5

    Mathematics, science, social studies, the arts and technology.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Represent ideas in many waysNYPLS-PK-AC-6

    Children represent ideas using gestures, objects and other methods.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Play and engagement in learningNYPLS-PK-AL-1

    Children actively play as a way to explore and learn.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Creativity and imaginationNYPLS-PK-AL-3

    Children approach tasks with creativity, imagination and willingness to try new things.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • PersistenceNYPLS-PK-AL-5

    Children keep at a task.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Creates Visual ArtsNYPLS-PK-ARTS-16

    Children create visual art (NYS Arts standards, PreK Creating).

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Respond to a text or experienceNYPLS-PK-ELAL-16

    Children respond to a book, author or experience, for example through drama or artwork.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Eye-hand coordination and fine motor skillsNYPLS-PK-PDH-5

    Children use fine motor skills with tools such as pencils and brushes, and tape.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Positive relationships with peersNYPLS-PK-SEL-4

    Children build positive relationships with other children.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both
  • Routines and rulesNYPLS-PK-SEL-6

    Children understand and follow routines and rules.

    Prekindergarten, age 4 [PreK]Both

New York State Early Learning Guidelines: A Child Development Resource for Educators of Children Ages Birth Through Eight

New York State Early Childhood Advisory Council (Council on Children and Families; New York Works for Children) · 12 standards

Birth to 5 early learning and development standards index row. Five domains, birth to 8. Copyright 2019 (file posted as ELG-2020). Linked from NYSED's early learning standards page. NY PreK standards are NYPLS (separate row). Edition 2019. Type: Child development guidance; states it is not standards, a curriculum or an assessment. Source: https://ccf.ny.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ELG-2020-1.pdf

  • Approaches to Learning D: Creativity and InventivenessELS-NY-I-D

    Creativity and Inventiveness (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Physical Well-Being, Health and Motor Development B: Small Motor SkillsELS-NY-II-B

    Small Motor Skills (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development A: Trusting Relationships with AdultsELS-NY-III-A

    Trusting Relationships with Adults (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development B: Sense of BelongingELS-NY-III-B

    Sense of Belonging (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development D: EmpathyELS-NY-III-D

    Empathy (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development E: Cooperation and NegotiationELS-NY-III-E

    Cooperation and Negotiation (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Social and Emotional Development G: Rhythms, Rules, and RoutinesELS-NY-III-G

    Rhythms, Rules, and Routines (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Communication, Language, and Literacy D: Engagement with Stories and BooksELS-NY-IV-D

    Engagement with Stories and Books (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Communication, Language, and Literacy F: ComposingELS-NY-IV-F

    Composing (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Communication, Language, and Literacy G: Creating and Interpreting Multimedia TextsELS-NY-IV-G

    Creating and Interpreting Multimedia Texts (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Cognitive Development B: RepresentingELS-NY-V-B

    Representing (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood
  • Cognitive Development G3: Math, PatterningELS-NY-V-G3

    Math, Patterning (development described for ages birth to 8).

    Birth to age 8 [Infant-Toddler to Grade 3]Early childhood

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading (19 TAC Chapter 110, Subchapters A and B, adopted 2017)

Texas State Board of Education; Texas Education Agency · 17 standards

K to 5 in 19 TAC 110.2 to 110.7 and grade 6 in 110.22; seven integrated strands. Implemented from 2019-2020. Codes cited as grade.knowledge-and-skills statement plus student expectation, for example K.6(D). Edition 2017. Type: Statutory curriculum standards in the Texas Administrative Code; school districts must implement them (19 TAC 110.1). Source: https://tea.texas.gov/laws-and-rules/sboe-rules-tac/sboe-tac-currently-effect/ch110a.pdf

  • Composition: personal narratives and poetry (1.12(A))TEKS-ELAR-1-12A

    Students are expected to dictate or compose literary texts, including personal narratives and poetry.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • Response skills: retell (1.7(D))TEKS-ELAR-1-7D

    Students are expected to retell texts in ways that maintain meaning.

    Grade 1 [Grade 1]School
  • Composition: personal narratives and poetry (2.12(A))TEKS-ELAR-2-12A

    Students are expected to compose literary texts, including personal narratives and poetry.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Oral language: work collaboratively (2.1(D))TEKS-ELAR-2-1D

    Students are expected to work collaboratively with others by following agreed-upon rules for discussion.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Response skills: retell and paraphrase (2.7(D))TEKS-ELAR-2-7D

    Students are expected to retell and paraphrase texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order.

    Grade 2 [Grade 2]School
  • Composition: personal narratives and poetry (3.12(A))TEKS-ELAR-3-12A

    Students are expected to compose literary texts, including personal narratives and poetry, using genre characteristics and craft.

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Self-sustained reading (3.5)TEKS-ELAR-3-5

    Students are expected to self-select text and read independently for a sustained period of time.

    Grade 3 [Grade 3]School
  • Composition: personal narratives and poetry (4.12(A))TEKS-ELAR-4-12A

    Students are expected to compose literary texts such as personal narratives and poetry using genre characteristics and craft.

    Grade 4 [Grade 4]School
  • Response skills: retell, paraphrase or summarize (4.7(D))TEKS-ELAR-4-7D

    Students are expected to retell, paraphrase, or summarize texts in ways that maintain meaning and logical order.

    Grade 4 [Grade 4]School
  • Composition: personal narratives, fiction and poetry (5.12(A))TEKS-ELAR-5-12A

    Students are expected to compose literary texts such as personal narratives, fiction, and poetry using genre characteristics and craft.

    Grade 5 [Grade 5]School
  • Composition: personal narratives, fiction and poetry (6.11(A))TEKS-ELAR-6-11A

    Students are expected to compose literary texts such as personal narratives, fiction, and poetry using genre characteristics and craft.

    Grade 6 [Grade 6]School
  • Self-sustained reading (6.4)TEKS-ELAR-6-4

    Students are expected to self-select text and read independently for a sustained period of time.

    Grade 6 [Grade 6]School
  • Composition: dictate or compose personal narratives (K.11(A))TEKS-ELAR-K-11A

    Students are expected to dictate or compose literary texts, including personal narratives.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Oral language: listen actively and ask questions (K.1(A))TEKS-ELAR-K-1A

    Students are expected to listen actively and ask questions to understand information and answer questions using multi-word responses.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Response skills: oral, pictorial or written response (K.6(B))TEKS-ELAR-K-6B

    Students are expected to provide an oral, pictorial, or written response to a text.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Response skills: retell (K.6(D))TEKS-ELAR-K-6D

    Students are expected to retell texts in ways that maintain meaning.

    Kindergarten [K]School
  • Response skills: interact with sources by illustrating or writing (K.6(E))TEKS-ELAR-K-6E

    Students are expected to interact with sources in meaningful ways such as illustrating or writing.

    Kindergarten [K]School

2022 Texas Prekindergarten Guidelines (PK3 and PK4 Comprehensive Guide)

Texas Education Agency · 17 standards

Ten domains (Social and Emotional; Emergent Literacy: Language and Communication, Reading, Writing; Mathematics; Science; Social Studies; Fine Arts; Physical Development; Technology), outcomes coded PK3 or PK4 plus domain, skill and number, for example PK4.III.D.1. Science, social studies, fine arts and technology have PK4 outcomes only. Edition 2022. Type: State guidance for prekindergarten programs; the guide calls itself a resource for curriculum and instruction decisions, aligned to the TEKS. Source: https://tea.texas.gov/educators/early-childhood-education/2022-texas-prekindergarten-guidelines-comprehensive-update.pdf

  • I.A Self-Concept: PK4.I.A.4TXPKG-PK4-I-A-4

    Child shows initiative in trying new activities and demonstrates perseverance when attempting to overcome obstacles or challenges.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • I.C Relationships with Others: PK4.I.C.4TXPKG-PK4-I-C-4

    Child increasingly interacts with peers during cooperative play scenarios that share a common plan and goal.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • I.C Relationships with Others: PK4.I.C.6TXPKG-PK4-I-C-6

    Child demonstrates empathy and caring for others.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • II.B Speaking (Conversation): PK4.II.B.2TXPKG-PK4-II-B-2

    Child engages in conversations in appropriate ways, demonstrating knowledge of verbal and nonverbal conversational rules.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • III.A Motivation to Read: PK4.III.A.1TXPKG-PK4-III-A-1

    Child engages in story-related pre-reading activities.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • III.A Motivation to Read: PK4.III.A.2TXPKG-PK4-III-A-2

    Child self-selects books and other written materials to engage in pre-reading behaviors.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • III.D Comprehension of Text: PK4.III.D.1TXPKG-PK4-III-D-1

    Child retells or re-enacts a story with a clear beginning, middle, and end.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • III.D Comprehension of Text: PK4.III.D.3TXPKG-PK4-III-D-3

    Child asks and responds to questions relevant to the text read aloud.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • IV.A Motivation to Write: PK4.IV.A.2TXPKG-PK4-IV-A-2

    Child independently draws and writes for many purposes to communicate ideas, using a variety of writing tools.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • IV.B Writing as a Process: PK4.IV.B.3TXPKG-PK4-IV-B-3

    Child shares and celebrates class-made and individual written products.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • IX.B Fine Motor Development: PK4.IX.B.1TXPKG-PK4-IX-B-1

    Child shows control of tasks that require small-muscle strength and control.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • V.A Number Sense: PK4.V.A.2TXPKG-PK4-V-A-2

    Child counts up to 10 objects with one-to-one correspondence.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • V.C Geometry and Spatial Sense: PK4.V.C.1TXPKG-PK4-V-C-1

    Child names and describes common 2D shapes and names at least 1 solid 3D shape.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • V.E Classification and Patterns: PK4.V.E.3TXPKG-PK4-V-E-3

    Child recognizes, duplicates, extends, and creates patterns.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • VIII.A Art: PK4.VIII.A.1TXPKG-PK4-VIII-A-1

    Child uses a variety of art materials for sensory experiences and exploration.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • VIII.A Art: PK4.VIII.A.2TXPKG-PK4-VIII-A-2

    Child uses art as a form of creative self-expression and representation.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood
  • VIII.C Dramatic Expression: PK4.VIII.C.1TXPKG-PK4-VIII-C-1

    Child creates or recreates stories, moods, or experiences through dramatic representations.

    PK4, ages 4 to 5 (end of year, about 60 months) [PreK]Early childhood

Supercharged Storytimes (from Project VIEWS2)

OCLC WebJunction with University of Washington iSchool (IMLS funded) · 1 standards

Eight early literacy concepts storytime leaders intentionally include; free self-paced course; aligns with ECRR. Edition 2014 to 2019 (for All edition 2017 to 2019). Type: Professional training framework (voluntary). Source: https://www.webjunction.org/news/webjunction/supercharged-storytimes-for-all-launch.html

  • Eight early literacy concepts, used intentionallySST-CONCEPTS

    Storytime leaders intentionally include alphabetic knowledge, phonological awareness, communication, comprehension, language use, print concepts, vocabulary and writing concepts.

    Birth to 5 [Birth to PreK]Library

What activities support

The mandate hooks a parade activity can be documented against: each is the kind of requirement a jurisdiction may carry.

  • Anti-bullying programming mandated

    Law/policy requires student-facing prevention programming or instruction (not just a policy binder).

  • Anti-bullying policy only

    Policy/plan required but no programming mandate - the parade gives the policy something kids do.

  • SEL / wellbeing standards

    Free-standing SEL competencies, wellbeing framework, or equivalent (local name varies - see Terminology).

  • Character education statute/policy

    Statutory or policy-level character education requirement.

  • Mental health education

    Required mental-health/emotional-health instruction (grades vary).

  • Arts instruction mandate

    Required arts instruction time, subject status, or graduation credit.

  • Attendance accountability

    Attendance/chronic absenteeism is a measured metric - the come-back loop is the hook.

  • Family engagement expectation

    Title I / QRIS-rated / EYFS-required / NQF QA6 / parent-committee mandates - Take-Home loop is the hook.

  • Library programming & reporting

    Summer reading schemes + statutory/reported library programming.

  • Early-childhood framework

    Binding or funding-tied EC curriculum framework (EYFS, HDLH, Te Whariki, NEL, NQF ALFs...).

  • Inspection evidence

    Inspection-graded jurisdictions (Ofsted, KHDA/ADEK, BQA, Estyn...) - visible documented programming feeds the evidence file.

The research base

These are studies the program’s design is built on: the research base, never studies of DoodleFace itself. Sources still under verification are held back until confirmed.

Arts, drawing & learning

  • Hetland & Winner (2004)

    Arts (caveat)

    Many arts-to-academics transfer claims are not supported by rigorous evidence; also the source for structured art critique / studio-habits vocabulary.

  • Robinson, A. Helene (2013) · Disadvantaged K-12 populations

    Arts integration

    Arts integration with disadvantaged populations showed positive and potentially positive effects; drama integration clearest; multi-arts cautiously evidence-based for reading achievement.

    Used in:Academic bank (99 classroom activities)

  • Falk & Dierking (1992, 2000) · All ages

    Informal learning

    Learning in informal settings is shaped by personal, social, and physical contexts; free-choice learning drives repeat engagement.

  • Falk & Storksdieck (2005) · Museum visitors

    Informal learning

    Empirical validation of the Contextual Model of Learning.

  • Black & Wiliam (1998) · School-age

    Retry mechanism

    Formative assessment; low-stakes attempts with feedback, then another try; produces learning-gain effect sizes of roughly 0.4 to 0.7, strongest for lower-achieving children.

  • Bjork & Bjork (2011)

    Retry mechanism

    Desirable difficulties: effortful, repeated practice produces more durable learning than easy, massed practice.

  • Peterson et al. (2025) · Children

    Retry mechanism

    How mothers talked with their 8-year-olds about failure was related to the children's fear of failure (correlational, mothers only).

  • Norton, Mochon & Ariely (2012) · Adults

    Creation premium

    People value what they create more than equivalent pre-made objects (the IKEA effect).

  • Marsh, Kanngiesser & Hood (2018) · By age 5

    Creation premium

    The IKEA effect is confirmed in children by age 5.

  • Kanngiesser, Gjersoe & Hood (2010) · Preschoolers

    Creation premium

    Creative labor transfers ownership in preschoolers.

  • Goldstand, Koslowe & Parush (2005) · School-age

    Visual-motor

    Among 71 seventh graders, vision screening results and visual-information processing were related to academic performance (correlational).

  • Askvik, van der Weel & van der Meer (2020) · Age 12 + adults

    Handwriting / brain

    Handwriting and drawing, but not keyboard typing, produced brain-connectivity patterns associated with learning and memory.

  • Van der Weel & van der Meer (2024) · Adults only

    Handwriting / brain

    Follow-up strengthening the handwriting-vs-typing connectivity finding.

  • Soska, Adolph & Johnson (2010) · Infants (4.5 to 7.5 months)

    3D advantage

    In 28 infants, sitting and manual exploration skills predicted three-dimensional object completion in a looking task. The design is correlational; it does not show that handling objects causes perceptual learning.

  • Rose, Gottfried & Bridger (1983) · 12 months

    Touch-vision bridge

    Twelve-month-olds visually recognized a 3D object, including its 2D picture, after tactile familiarization.

  • Lacey & Sathian (2011)

    Touch-vision bridge

    The lateral occipital complex is a convergence zone where touch and vision share a representational format.

  • Meltzoff (2013) · Infants

    Observational learning

    Infants build motor representations by watching adults act on objects months before they can perform the actions.

  • Rogoff (1990) · Children

    Observational learning

    Guided participation: children learn through scaffolded shared activity with a more capable partner.

  • Vygotsky (1978) · Children

    Observational learning

    Zone of Proximal Development: the gap between what a child can do alone and with guidance is where learning happens.

  • Gelman, Manczak & Noles (2016) · Age 3

    Creation premium

    Three-year-olds preferred their own worn toys over new replacements, but only for anthropomorphized toys.

  • DeJesus, et al. (2022) · Ages 4-12

    Creation premium

    Children expected others to also prefer handmade over factory-made items.

  • Diesendruck & Perez (2015) · Children

    Creation premium

    Children extend their sense of self to owned objects.

  • Nucci & Weber (1995) · From age 3

    Chromatic agency

    Children as young as 3 treat personal choices, including color choice, as their own territory and resist adult override.

  • Stern-Ellran, et al. (2016) · Children

    Chromatic agency

    A pilot study found a colorful play area more disruptive to children's structured play than a non-colorful one (single session).

  • Bosgraaf, et al. (2020) · Children

    Chromatic agency

    Flexible material choice is associated with positive therapeutic outcomes.

  • Winstein, Pohl & Lewthwaite (1994)

    Retry mechanism

    Faded physical guidance; helping less over time; outperformed constant guidance for motor-skill retention and transfer.

  • Marsh, Cumming, Randolph & Michaels (2021) · General + special ed

    Response boards

    With response cards (write-on hold-up boards), students showed quiz-achievement and participation increases and less off-task behavior.

  • Gardner, Heward & Grossi (1994) · Grade 5

    Response boards

    Quiz and participation gains under response cards versus hand-raising.

  • Aydos & Ozet (2025) · Preschool

    Chromatic agency

    Colour-emotion associations in children's drawings were highly individualised, though some general patterns were observed.

  • Wammes, Meade & Fernandes (2016)

    Drawing & learning

    Drawing to-be-remembered information produced reliably better recall than writing it; 'the drawing effect' integrates semantic, visual, and motor traces.

  • Ainsworth, Prain & Tytler (2011) · Students

    Drawing & learning

    Drawing is a distinct way to learn; it makes students represent, reason about, and integrate ideas.

  • Paivio (dual coding) & Mayer (multimedia learning)

    Drawing & learning

    People learn more from well-matched words and pictures than from words alone.

Early childhood development

  • Garaigordobil (2022) · Ages 4-12

    Cooperative play

    A summary of the author's own cooperative-creative play programs for ages 4 to 12 (one session a week for a school year, samples of 86 to 178) reporting gains in prosocial behavior, social-emotional competencies and creativity. The "medium to large" size the site printed is not in the abstract.

    Used in:Color & Create (the core act)School-Wide Parade ChallengesHide & Seek / scavenger huntsBook FortMidnight Toy PartySnow AngelsSupply CostumeCaught In The ActUpside Down DayDomino RunLaser MazeCup TowerBubble BathMini GolfAirplane SquadronPillow PileClassic Hide SeekWarmer ColderDoodle DisappearedClue TrailHidden FriendRiddle HuntFootprint TrailColor The WeatherMystery Color RollEverybody ColorsPattern PowerBackwards ColorsColor To The BeatTwo Crayon ChallengeThe Big RevealChalk AdventureLeaf CollectorRecess CaptainBubble ChaserOutdoor Hide SeekSun ShadowGame NightGratitude Chain

  • Gungordu et al. (2025) · Ages 3-5

    Cooperative play

    In a one-time study of children aged 3 to 5 using computer tasks, empathy and creativity scores were associated with prosocial behavior. There was no collaborative condition, and no gains were measured.

  • Troy (2023) · Young children

    Cooperative play

    Collaborative artmaking with young children supports co-existence, cooperative play, and conflict resolution.

  • Van Ryzin, Roseth, et al. (2020) · Middle school

    Cooperative play

    Cooperative learning produced significant prosocial-behavior gains mediated by peer bonding and belonging.

    Used in:The Doodle's Adventure (narrative writing)Doodle Selfies / overnight mischiefGone FishingWhiteboard DoodlerStuckSnack AttackRock ClimberTiny FootprintsName Tag SwapHide The PencilsCaught NappingSticky Note MessageCrayon HeistBalloon RideChair BossCostume SwapWhere S The DoodleBuddy UpButterfly MomentA Friend AppearsNew OutfitColor SwapSouvenirMaking It RightListening EarsMistakes Are Okay

  • Segundo-Marcos et al. (2023) · Late childhood (ages 10-12)

    Cooperative play

    A two-wave study of 53 students in two schools with different teaching methods (one using cooperative learning) tracked creative thinking in late childhood, about 18 months apart. Too small to support an age rule.

  • Villardon-Gallego et al. (2018) · Grade 4

    Cooperative play

    A quasi-experiment with 442 fourth graders in 8 Spanish schools over 10 weekly sessions: classes using dialogic literary gatherings showed higher prosocial behavior than comparison classes, while classes using Interactive Groups showed no difference. It is not a meta-analysis and reports no large pooled effect.

  • Goldstein & Lerner (2018) · Ages 4 to 6

    Pretend play

    A randomized study of 97 four-year-olds found that dramatic pretend play games improved emotional self-control compared with comparison conditions; the effect was on emotional control only.

  • Thibodeau et al. (2016) · Preschool

    Pretend play

    A randomized study of 110 children aged 3 to 5 found that 5 weeks of daily 15-minute fantastical pretend play improved working memory more than non-imaginative play, with no effect on inhibitory control; the flexibility difference came mainly from the comparison group declining.

  • Hashmi, Vanderwert, et al. (2020) · Young children

    Character play

    A small brain-imaging (fNIRS) study found activity in a social-processing region (pSTS) during solo doll play comparable to play with a partner, and less during solo tablet play.

  • Ohl et al. (2013) · Kindergarten

    Fine motor

    A Tier-1 kindergarten fine-motor intervention produced gains while control skills declined.

  • Birrell et al. (2024) · Ages 0-6

    Early childhood

    A rapid review of 9 studies (3,671 children aged 0 to 6) of arts-inclusive programs found all reported positive mental health and wellbeing outcomes, but the authors judged most of the included studies to be low quality.

  • Nicolopoulou et al. (2015) · Low-income preschoolers

    Early literacy

    A quasi-experimental study of 149 low-income preschoolers in 13 classrooms over a school year: a storytelling and story-acting practice was associated with gains in oral language, emergent literacy and social competence compared with classrooms without it.

  • Huang, Lin, Lu, et al. (2024) · Ages 3-5

    Developmental indicator

    A scoring method for preschool coloring, tested with 239 typically developing children, described three patterns by age (immature, transitional, mature). Because all children were typically developing, it does not show that the method separates typical development from delay, and it says nothing about any benefit of coloring.

  • Yakimishyn & Magill-Evans (2002) · 23 months

    Fine motor / toddler

    A short wax crayon used on a vertical surface produced more mature grasp patterns at 23 months; the effect did not appear for pencils or markers.

  • Verdine et al. (2014) · Young children

    Spatial-math

    Spatial skills predict a meaningful share of mathematics performance.

  • Hawes et al. (2017) · Children

    Spatial-math

    32 weeks of teacher-led spatial reasoning lessons inside K-2 mathematics (quasi-experimental) produced gains in spatial skills and in symbolic number comparison, not in numeracy in general.

  • Resnick & Lowrie (2023) · Preschool

    Spatial-math

    Play-based spatial training causally improved preschool numeracy.

  • Malanchini, Tosto, Garfield, et al. (2016) · Age 4.5 -> 12

    Fine motor / math

    In a large twin sample (TEDS), drawing ability at age 4.5 was modestly correlated with mathematics at age 12 (average r about .24, about 6% of variance), and the association was largely explained by shared genetic and environmental factors. The 12.3% figure the site printed is not in the abstract.

  • Cameron, Brock, Murrah, et al. (2012) · Kindergarten

    Fine motor

    Fine motor skills and executive function both contribute to kindergarten achievement.

  • Grissmer, Grimm, Aiyer, et al. (2010) · Early elementary

    Fine motor

    Fine motor skills and attention are strong predictors of later achievement, in some analyses stronger than early reading or math.

  • Marr, Cermak, et al. (2003) · Head Start and kindergarten

    Fine motor

    One-day observations in Head Start and kindergarten classrooms found fine motor activities filled on average about 37% (Head Start) and 46% (kindergarten) of the observed time. Descriptive; it does not cover the elementary grades.

  • McHale & Cermak (1992) · Elementary

    Fine motor

    Fine-motor activity occupies an estimated 30 to 60 percent of the elementary school day, much of it paper-and-pencil.

  • Streri & Gentaz (2003) · Newborns

    Infant pathway

    Newborns visually recognized a shape they had only held; touch-to-vision transfer from day one.

  • Sann & Streri (2007) · Birth-5 months

    Infant pathway

    Touch-to-vision transfer present at birth; vision-to-touch absent until ~5 months; the hand leads early.

  • Lejeune, Audeoud, et al. (2012) · 33 weeks gestation

    Infant pathway

    Inter-manual shape transfer present at 33 weeks gestation; hands learning shape before birth.

  • Rochat (1989) · From 2 months

    Infant pathway

    Manual exploration is purposive from two months.

  • Fantz (1963) · Infants

    Infant vision

    Infants prefer and attend to high-contrast patterned stimuli.

  • Needham, et al. (2017) · Pre-reaching infants

    Graspability

    Simulated grasping experience enhanced infant object exploration and engagement (~40% reaching enhancement in follow-up work).

  • Lockman & Tamis-LeMonda (2021) · Birth-school

    Grows-with-child

    The same object affords different developmental behaviors as a child grows; grasping, mark-making, pretend play, creative ownership.

  • Smirnova (2011) · Ages 5-5.5

    Open-ended play

    Preset electronic toys did not elicit the imaginative, self-directed play that open-ended toys produced.

  • Nicholson (1972) · Children

    Open-ended play

    Open-ended materials drive the richest, most inventive play.

  • Left-Handers Club survey (2006) · Left-handed children

    Left-handed

    A large majority of left-handed children smudge their work; very few were taught a preventing technique.

  • Johnston, et al. (2009) · Population

    Left-handed

  • Learning Without Tears (2020)

    Left-handed

    A left hand trailing across wet ink smears it.

  • Bratton, Ray, Rhine & Jones (2005) · Children

    Play therapy

    Play therapy produced a large overall effect (0.80 SD).

  • Lin & Bratton (2015) · Children

    Play therapy

    Moderate 0.47 overall effect for child-centered play therapy.

  • Ray et al. (2015) · Elementary

    Play therapy

    School-delivered child-centered play therapy reduced externalizing (d=0.34) and internalizing (d=0.21) problems and raised academics (d=0.36).

  • Mol, Bus, de Jong & Smeets (2008) · Ages 2 to 6

    Dialogic reading

    Dialogic reading beat typical shared reading on expressive vocabulary (d = 0.59, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.75). Effect dropped substantially for 4 to 5 year olds and for children at risk for language and literacy impairment.

    Used in:Storytime DoodleBook Connections / book tasting

  • Whitehurst et al. (1988) · About ages 2 to 3

    Dialogic reading

    After a one-month home program, experimental children scored higher on expressive language and showed longer utterances and fewer single-word responses than controls.

  • Yogman et al. (2018) · Young children

    Play

    Clinical report stating that "developmentally appropriate play with parents and peers is a singular opportunity to promote" social-emotional, cognitive, language and self-regulation skills, and urging pediatricians to write a prescription for play. The publisher abstract states the report was reaffirmed January 2025.

  • Diamond & Lee (2011) · Ages 4-12

    Executive function

    A narrative review of programs for children aged 4 to 12 (computer training, games, aerobics, martial arts, mindfulness, school curricula) found several improved executive functions in at least one study, often most for children who started lowest. The authors' own rule: benefits come from repeated practice with rising challenge; an activity done rarely produces little benefit, and transfer is narrow.

Reading & libraries

  • Bers, Strawhacker & Vizner (2018) · Early childhood

    Library / EC

    Reggio-Emilia-inspired early-childhood makerspaces in libraries.

  • Lotts (2017) · All ages

    Library

    Coloring is a named library art-programming activity.

  • ALSC / Alberts (2019) · Toddlers / preschoolers

    Library

    Library art activities for toddlers and preschoolers support fine motor, gross motor, and social skills.

  • Guthrie, Wigfield et al. (CORI program) · Elementary

    Reading motivation

    Intrinsic reading motivation predicts reading achievement and volume; extrinsic motivation is a non-significant or negative predictor; autonomy-supportive instruction raises both motivation and comprehension.

  • Mol & Bus (2011) · Preschool and kindergarten, Grades 1 to 12, college

    Reading volume

    Moderate to strong correlations between print exposure (leisure reading) and comprehension, technical reading and spelling at every age; authors read the pattern as an upward spiral: better readers read more, and more reading builds skill. Share of explained variance rose with age (about 12 percent in preschool to about 30 percent in high school per full text).

Kindness, SEL & anti-bullying

  • Farrington et al. (2019) · School-age

    Arts-SEL bridge

    A University of Chicago Consortium report, built from a literature review plus interviews and focus groups in Chicago, proposes a theory of action for how arts education may support social and emotional development. It measures no outcomes, notes that few studies could identify causal effects, and its abstract describes three areas of development, not all five SEL competencies.

  • Community Preventive Services Task Force (2021) · Elementary and middle school

    Anti-bullying

    The Community Preventive Services Task Force, an independent nonfederal panel, recommends school-based anti-bullying interventions on the basis of a review of 69 randomized trials (Fraguas et al. 2021), which found small but meaningful reductions in bullying and in mental health problems. The finding applies to multicomponent programs that include group education sessions for students, in elementary and middle schools; the programs averaged about 29 weeks.

    Used in:Wipe-Away BullyingWipe Away Bullying Community LabWipe Away Bullying Staff Lab

  • Lodi et al. (2021) · Ages 6-18

    Anti-bullying

    Review of restorative-practice approaches in schools.

    Used in:One Good ThingKind Words CircleCompliment Circle

  • Van de Vyver et al. (2019) · Ages ~5-10

    Kindness / arts

    Two quasi-experiments (N = 216 and 174, ages about 5 to 10): a participatory, kindness-themed arts activity raised children's prosocial intentions, including toward outgroup members. It did not increase empathy, and the six-month result held for one condition only.

    Used in:Be Yourself / All-About-MeCompliment Doodle / Gratitude DoodleColor & Create (the core act)Speech Bubbles / Pen Pal Pets / Doodle TextingTiny MasterpieceCompliment BombColor By FeelingColor The DreamGratitude GardenSunshine NoteCheer CardOvernight Glow UpFriendship RecipeWipe Away Bullying Community LabWipe Away Bullying Staff LabWipe Away Bullying Community Lab 2

  • Tarr et al. (2015)

    Shared experience

    Synchrony and shared experience raise social bonding.

  • Dunbar et al. (2012)

    Shared experience

    Shared experience raises social bonding.

  • Richert, Robb & Smith (2011); Calvert et al. (2014-2017); Lauricella et al. (2011) · Young children

    Character bond

    Children form parasocial bonds with characters and learn better from a character they know and feel close to.

  • CDC School Connectedness · Students

    Belonging

    Connected students have higher grades, attendance, and graduation and lower emotional distress, with protective effects into adulthood.

  • Rose et al. (2024) · Adolescents

    Belonging

    A meta-analysis of 90 articles found school connectedness associated with lower engagement in co-occurring health risks among adolescents, across four health areas. Correlational; adolescents; no program tested. The site's clause "strongest for students of color" is not in the abstract.

  • Froh and colleagues (2008-2014); Bono & Froh · Youth

    Gratitude

    Gratitude in young people links to life satisfaction, prosocial behavior, and social integration; gratitude activities raised optimism and positive emotion.

  • Celio, Durlak & Dymnicki (2011) · Elementary school to college (no age breakdown in abstract)

    Service-learning

    Compared to controls, service-learning students gained in attitudes toward self, attitudes toward school and learning, civic engagement, social skills and academic performance (mean effects 0.27 to 0.43); linking to curriculum, voice, community involvement and reflection were associated with better outcomes.

    Used in:Helping HandsPencil FairyGarden Helper

  • Robson, Allen & Howard (2020) · Age 4 onward

    Self-regulation

    A meta-analysis of 150 studies found that self-regulation in childhood predicts later outcomes, including school achievement. These are predictive associations; no program was tested.

Wellbeing, calm & counseling

  • Beery-Buktenica VMI (6th ed.) · 12 months+

    Clinical standard

    The standard clinical instrument for visual-motor integration, with normed stepping stones from co-active coloring (12-24 mo) through scaffolded (2-3 yrs) to independent coloring.

  • AAP Bright Futures · Well-child visits

    Clinical standard

    The AAP's developmental-surveillance system; basis for 'pediatricians check coloring/milestones at every visit' claims.

  • Loreskar & Binder (2024) · Ages 4-12 (hospitalized)

    Clinical

    A beeswax-crayon art-therapy intervention helped seriously ill children connect with a healthy inner self.

  • Robinson, E.M., Baker & Hossain (2018) · Parents (pediatric surgical waiting area)

    Clinical / anxiety

    Coloring for 30 minutes reduced anxiety significantly more than waiting alone (p<0.0001) in a pediatric surgical waiting area.

  • Ghorbani et al. (2025) · Caregivers (post-surgery)

    Clinical / anxiety

    Mandala coloring 30 min/day for three days after children's surgery decreased maternal anxiety (STAI) versus standard care.

  • Suleman et al. (2024) · Children

    Clinical / pain

    Trace-image-and-coloring activity during needle procedures reduced children's pain and fear versus passive distraction and control.

  • Dias Alves, Olmi, Durand, et al. (2024) · Ambulatory patients

    Clinical / anxiety

    A pilot with no control group found patients' anxiety scores lower after coloring complex shapes in three ambulatory care settings.

  • Ayres (1972)

    Clinical standard

    The foundational sensory-integration text behind the press-hard clinical practice citation.

  • CDC Developmental Milestones (rev. 2022) · 0-5

    Clinical standard

    The substantive milestone revision was February 2022; later page dates reflect web maintenance only.

  • Kaimal, Ray & Muniz (2016) · Adults

    Calming

    45 minutes of open art-making lowered cortisol in ~75% of participants regardless of art experience.

  • Curry & Kasser (2005) · Adults

    Calming

    Structured coloring lowered anxiety versus free coloring in the seminal study.

  • Carsley, Heath & Fajnerova (2015) · Children

    Calming

    In one session before a spelling test, 52 children (mean age about 11) were randomized to structured mandala coloring or free coloring; anxiety fell in both groups, girls improved only with the mandala, and there was no group without coloring.

    Used in:Worry Doodle / calm cornerFeelings Check InQuiet Color

  • Jakobsson Store & Jakobsson (2022)

    Calming (caveat)

    A meta-analysis of 8 studies, mostly adults, found mandala coloring did not significantly beat free drawing on state anxiety. A null result kept as a caution.

  • Gross & Hayne (1998) · Young children

    Externalization

    Children who drew while recounting an emotional experience reported substantially more information than children who only talked.

  • White & Epston (1990)

    Externalization

    Narrative therapy's externalization: the person is not the problem; the problem is the problem; put the worry on a character and face it from a safe distance.

  • Montgomery & Maunders (2015); Heath et al. (2017) · Children

    Bibliotherapy

    Creative bibliotherapy has theoretical grounding and some randomized support; the controlled base is still small.

  • CAST UDL Guidelines; Capp (2017) and subsequent reviews

    UDL

    UDL is the inclusive-design framework named in ESSA; its building blocks rest on solid sub-literatures, but UDL's own outcome evidence is still emerging and uneven.

  • Marques, Gallagher & Lopez (2017); Day et al. (2010) · K-12 strongest

    Hope

    A meta-analysis of 45 studies (N = 9,250) found a moderate positive association between hope and academic outcomes, stronger in K-12 samples than in college samples. Correlational; no program tested. The line "predicts grades above intelligence and prior performance" belongs to Day et al. (2010), a study of undergraduates, and is not used.

  • Pennebaker; Frattaroli (2006)

    Expressive disclosure

    Expressive writing about emotional experiences produces small but real wellbeing benefits (~d=0.16), larger for those processing stress.

  • Travagin, Margola & Revenson (2015) · Adolescents

    Expressive disclosure

    Small, variable expressive-writing effects in adolescents; a cost-effective tool, claimed modestly.

Motivation & ownership

  • Stamkou et al. (2023) · Ages 8-13

    Awe

    In experiments with children aged 8 to 13, watching awe-inducing movie clips led to more prosocial behavior in a single session than comparison clips. The awe came from film, not from art.

  • Epstein et al. (2018)

    Family engagement

    The school-family-community partnership framework underwriting the program's display-and-share community step.

  • Killeen, Evans & Danko (2003) · Students

    Ownership

    An elementary school study (quasi-experimental) linked permanent student artwork on display to students' sense of ownership of the school.

    Used in:School-Wide Parade Challenges

  • Preston & Gelman (2020)

    Ownership

    Psychological ownership is more behaviorally powerful than legal ownership.

  • Ryan & Deci (2000)

    Motivation

    Autonomy, competence, and relatedness are the needs that drive motivation.

  • Lee & Brand (2005) · Adults (workplace)

    Autonomy

    Personal control over one's environment is associated with wellbeing and satisfaction.

  • Contzen & Marks (2018)

    Ownership

    Collective psychological ownership develops through participation.

  • Su & Reeve (2011); Reeve & Cheon (2021) · Teachers and other adults

    Autonomy

    A meta-analysis of 19 studies found that training programs made teachers and other adults more autonomy-supportive (effect about 0.63). It measured the adults' behavior, not student engagement or achievement. Reeve and Cheon (2021), also named in this entry, was not opened.

  • Gruber, Gelman & Ranganath (2014); Fandakova & Gruber (2021) · Incl. children/adolescents

    Curiosity

    Sparked curiosity engages the dopamine system and hippocampus; people remember the target and incidental information learned in that moment.

  • Sisk et al. (2018); Yeager et al. (2019) · Students

    Growth mindset

    Growth-mindset interventions show weak average effects (~d=0.08), with small real gains concentrated among lower-achieving and disadvantaged students.

Family & community

  • Falk (2006) · Visitors

    Museums

    Five visitor identities predict learning outcomes; the Facilitator parent is the program's primary activator.

  • Falk, Heimlich & Bronnenkant (2008) · Visitors

    Museums

    Tested the visitor-identity framework with visitor data.

  • Tan, Gong & Tsang (2021) · Age 4

    Museums / EC

    Regular hands-on children's-museum activity produced a 14.1 percent gain in cognitive scores.

  • Andre, Durksen & Volman (2017) · Children

    Museums

    A narrative review of children's museum learning organized around three kinds of interaction (child and adult, child and technology, child and environment), naming adult scaffolding of hands-on activity as key.

  • Willard et al. (2019) · Children + parents

    Museums / Family

    Hands-on activity produced more productive parent-child talk than passive exhibits.

  • Pagano et al. (2019) · Children + parents

    Museums / Family

    Hands-on activity produced more productive parent-child talk than passive exhibits.

  • McNally et al. (2024) · Visitors

    Zoos / aquariums

    Zoo and aquarium visits show a small-to-medium positive effect on conservation knowledge, beliefs, and behavior, with no publication-bias evidence.

  • Moss, Jensen & Gusset (2015-2017) · Visitors

    Zoos / aquariums

    Measurable biodiversity-learning gains from zoo and aquarium visits.

  • Falk et al. (2007) · Visitors

    Zoos / aquariums

    AZA-funded nationwide study of zoo and aquarium learning.

  • Jensen (2014) · Ages 7-15

    Zoos / aquariums

    Children assessed via annotated-drawing pre/post questionnaires; a methodology mirroring the color-and-narrate structure.

  • Khalil & Ardoin (2011)

    Zoos / aquariums

  • Smith & Denton (2005) · Teens

    Faith communities

    Across nearly every measured outcome, more religious teens scored more favorably.

  • Cheung & Yeung (2011) · Youth

    Faith communities

    Average weighted correlation between religiosity and constructive conduct, Zr=.213.

  • Putnam (2000, 2015)

    Community

    Religious congregations are the single most important repository of social capital in America; community/social-capital framework.

  • Wright et al. (2006, 2014) · Children / youth

    Community arts

    Community-based arts programs produced gains in confidence, prosocial skills, and conflict resolution that persisted five years.

  • Gavron & Mayseless (2018) · Parent-child dyads

    Family

    Joint parent-child artmaking shifts the relationship toward reciprocity and attunement.

  • Burke et al. (2021) · Intergenerational

    Family

    Supporting evidence for intergenerational artmaking effects.

  • Barrett et al. (2015); HEAD Study · Primary

    Environment

    The physical classroom environment accounted for 16 percent of variance in academic progress; a child's personal imprint (ownership) was a significant parameter.

  • Maxwell & Chmielewski (2008) · Children

    Environment

    Kindergarten and first grade classrooms personalized with children's own work were associated with higher self-esteem scores in a quasi-experimental study. The abstract was not available, so the effect sizes previously printed (d = .77 to 1.16) are unchecked and are not used.

    Used in:Be Yourself / All-About-MeSchool-Wide Parade ChallengesParade Gallery & Upload (Memento)Doodle As Me

  • Fisher, Godwin & Seltman (2014) · Kindergarten

    Environment (caveat)

    In a laboratory classroom, 24 kindergartners spent 38.6% of instruction time off task when the walls were heavily decorated and 28.4% when the walls were sparse, across six lessons.

  • Godwin et al. (2022) · Young children

    Environment (caveat)

    The classroom-decoration distraction effect persists for at least 15 weeks without fading.

  • Rioux et al. (2017)

    Place attachment

    Creating or modifying a place produces stronger attachment than passively inhabiting it.

  • Global E-Waste Monitor (2024) + Crayola ColorCycle

    Sustainability

    62M tonnes of e-waste yearly, ~22% formally recycled; Crayola ended its marker-recycling program citing shipping carbon footprint.

  • Proshansky & Fabian (1987) · Children

    Environment

    Place-identity is a substructure of self-identity; authored spaces become part of who a child is.

  • Ariccio, et al. (2021)

    Place attachment

    Place attachment satisfies the same self-determination needs that drive wellbeing.

  • Yang, et al. (2025)

    Place attachment

    Place attachment leads to needs satisfaction and then to subjective wellbeing.

  • Francis et al. (2012)

    Place attachment

    Participatory placemaking builds place attachment (JEP cluster).

  • Anton & Lawrence (2014)

    Place attachment

    Participatory placemaking builds place attachment (JEP cluster).

Schools, attendance & climate

  • Bowen & Kisida (2019) · Grades 3-8

    Schools

    A randomized trial in 42 Houston schools (10,548 students, grades 3 to 8): schools that received about ten added arts experiences a year through local arts organizations had fewer students with disciplinary infractions (down 3.6 percentage points), higher writing scores (0.13 SD) and more compassion for others (0.08 SD). It found no effect on attendance, reading, math or science. Engagement and college-aspiration gains appeared in elementary schools only.

  • Castorina, Bradman, et al. (2016)

    Safety

    A laboratory test of volatile organic compound emissions from 101 markers used in preschools, schools and homes: dry-erase and permanent markers emitted far more VOCs (roughly 400 times) than washable markers and highlighters. Crayons were not tested.

  • Beck, OTR/L & Hathaway, MOT (clinical advisors)

    Practitioner

    Clinical practice of deliberately using short crayons (or breaking crayons in half) to force correct finger placement; months spent correcting grips that low-resistance tools allow.

  • Wiltermuth & Heath (2009)

    Ritual / synchrony

    People who moved or sang in synchrony cooperated more in later group tasks, even at personal cost.

  • Berkowitz, Moore, Astor & Benbenishty (2017) · School-age students

    Climate

    A review found that positive school climate mitigated the negative contribution of low SES to achievement, but "most studies do not provide a basis for deducing a directional influence and causal relations."

Screens & modern childhood

  • Martzog & Suggate (2022) · Young children

    Screens

    Screen time, including computer-tablet and LCD-drawing-tablet use, inversely predicted fine-motor skill.

  • Suggate & Martzog (2021) · Young children

    Screens

    In a two-year study of 117 preschoolers, tablet use was associated with poorer fine motor development, more so than television use. Associational; it does not show that tablets damage development.

  • Hutton, Dudley, Horowitz-Kraus, et al. (2020) · Young children

    Screens

    Higher screen use associated with lower white-matter integrity in tracts supporting language and self-regulation.

  • Bakht et al. (2025) · Young children

    Screens (honesty)

    The screen-time-and-motor literature presents conflicting and inconclusive findings; some negative associations, at least one positive touchscreen correlation.

  • Lin (2019) · Preschool

    Screens

    A comparison of 36 preschoolers who used tablets with 36 who did not found the non-users scored higher on visual perception and fine motor tasks. Not randomized; an association only.

  • Dhar, Mukhopadhyay, Paul & Mandal (2026) · Ages 1-6

    Screens

    Screen exposure above two hours/day examined against fine-motor, language, and social outcomes with regression adjustment.

  • Dadson, Brown & Stagnitti (2020) · Ages 4-7

    Screens / bilateral

    Screen time was associated with bilateral coordination and visual-motor integration; rich pretend/toy play buffered the association.

  • AAP digital-media guidance (Jan 2026) · 0-5 focus

    Screens / authority

    No screens before 18 months (video chat excepted); ~1 hour high-quality content ages 2-5; quality/context over hour-counts.

How the frameworks converge

Map a new state framework once to these shared competencies, not activity by activity. Each hub is where SEL, counseling, library, and arts standards line up on the same idea.

  • Empathy / Prosocial / Belonging
    CASEL-SOACASEL-RSASCA-BSSAASL-INCLUDENCAS-CONNECTINGATL-WHOLECHILDATL-MTSS

    Exemplars: so-kind, wipe-away-bullying

  • Collaboration / Teamwork
    CASEL-RSASCA-BSSAASL-COLLABORATENCAS-CREATINGC3-D4ATL-CLIMATE

    Exemplars: color-create, story-swapping

  • Self-Regulation / Perseverance (Grit)
    CASEL-SMASCA-BSMSAASL-EXPLOREMATH-MP1SHAPE-4

    Exemplars: doodle-good

  • Creative Expression / Identity
    CASEL-SAASCA-M4AASL-EXPLORENCAS-CREATINGELA-W

    Exemplars: be-yourself-all-about-me, color-create

  • Inquiry / Critical Thinking
    CASEL-RDMASCA-BLSAASL-INQUIREMATH-MP1MATH-MP2MATH-MP3NGSS-SEPC3-D1C3-D2C3-D3

    Exemplars: academic-bank

  • Communication / Language
    CASEL-RSASCA-BLSAASL-ENGAGEELA-WELA-SLECRR-TALKECRR-WRITE

    Exemplars: speech-bubbles-pen-pal-pets-doodle-texting

  • Fine-Motor / Psychomotor
    SHAPE-1NCAS-CREATINGATL-UDL

    Exemplars: color-create

  • Ethical / Safe Sharing (Digital Citizenship)
    CASEL-RDMASCA-BSMSAASL-ENGAGEATL-ISTE

    Exemplars: parade-gallery-upload

Looking for your state’s mandates? Research & Standards.